Linux-DNS服务器搭建

    搭建环境介绍

    虚拟机中仅主机模式下,同时关闭虚拟机DHCP网卡服务

    关闭防火墙和SElinux情况

    命令如下:

    关闭防火墙:chkconfig iptables off

    关闭SELinux:vim /etc/sysconfig/selinux 修改配置文件的中的为SELINUX=disabled

一、安装bind服务器

      安装命令:yum -y install bind   修改配置文件:vim /etc/named.conf 为以下内容:

options {
        listen-on port 53 { any; };     #修改为any
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { any; };  #修改为any
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };       #修改为any
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

在修改vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones如下:

#下面为正向解析模板
zone "www.gaoda.com" IN {
#要解析的服务器的域名
        type master;
        file "gaoda.localhost";
#修改为域名.localhost
        allow-update { none; };
};

#下面为反向解析模板
zone "88.168.192.in-addr.arpa" IN {
#www服务器的IP地址,需要注意的这里要反向写
        type master;
        file "gaoda.loopback";
#修改为域名。loopback
        allow-update { none; };
};

接着在:/var/named/  下创建 gaoda.localhost(正向解析配置文件))、 gaoda.loopback(反向解析配置文件)

[root@Cent0S-03 ~]# cd /var/named/
[root@Cent0S-03 named]# ls
data  dynamic  named.ca  named.empty  named.localhost  named.loopback  slaves
[root@Cent0S-03 named]# cp -a named.localhost  gaoda.localhost 
[root@Cent0S-03 named]# cp -a named.loopback   gaoda.loopback 

  修改正向解析配置文件内容:gaoda.localhost 

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  gaoda.com. rname.invalid. (

                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.gaoda.com.
dns     A       192.168.88.20
www     A       192.168.88.30

修改反向解析配置文件内容:gaoda.loopback

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  gaoda.com. rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.gaoda.com.
20      PTR     dns.gaoda.com.
30      PTR     dns.gaoda.com.                           

启动DNS服务器:service named start

二、主从服务器

主服务器设置

        主配置文件:vim /etc/named.conf

 listen-on port 53 { 192.168.88.20; };   #主服务IP地址,也可以不设置

        区域配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones 修改为                           

zone "gaoda.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "gaoda.localhost";
        allow-update { 192.168.88.40; };     #从服务的地址
}; 

    修改配置数据文件/var/named//var/named/

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  gaoda.com. rname.invalid. (
                                        1       ; serial   #修改为1。
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.gaoda.com.
dns     A       192.168.88.20
www     A       192.168.88.30

从服务器设置

        主配置文件:vim /etc/named.conf

listen-on port 53 { 192.168.88.40; };  #从服务的IP地址

        区域配置文件/etc/named.rfc1912.zones 修改为   

zone "gaoda.com" IN {
        type slave;                        
        masters{ 192.168.88.20; };      
        file "slaves/gaoda.localhost";
        allow-update { none; };
};

#从配置文件的类型需要修改为 slave,并且需要填写主服务器的地址.如下:
# type  slave; 
# masters  {  192.168.88.20;  };大括号两侧留有空格

重新启动主从NDS服务器:service named restart 

[root@CentOS-04 ~]# nslookup www.gaoda.com
Server:		192.168.88.40
Address:	192.168.88.40#53

Non-authoritative answer:
Name:	www.gaoda.com
Address: 192.168.88.30

三、缓存服务器

        缓存服务器

                安装软件:yum -y install dnsmasq

         配置文件/etc/dnsmasq.conf修改或者添加以下

domain=gaoda.com	            #需要解析的域名
server=192.168.88.20            #主 DNS 服务器 IP
cache-size=15000	            #声明缓存条数

重新启动缓存服务器:service dnsmasq restart

关闭主NDS服务器,通过客户端来验证缓存服务器来是否启动:

[root@CentOS-04 ~]# nslookup www.gaoda.com
Server:		192.168.88.40
Address:	192.168.88.40#53

Non-authoritative answer:     #缓存服务器启动成功
Name:	www.gaoda.com
Address: 192.168.88.30

四、DNS智能服务器

实验环境:

                一台内网测试机(单网卡)   网关和NDS为DNS服务器的网段

                一台网关+DNS(双网卡)   

                一台外网测试机(单网卡)   网关和NDS为DNS服务器的网段

                一台 web 服务器(双网卡)  

DNS服务器:  

         1、开启路由转发功能,修改配置文件 /etc/sysctl.conf 里面的为 net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

         2、修改主配置文件:/etc/named.conf

options {

        listen-on port 53 { any; };     
        listen-on-v6 port 53 { any; };
        directory       "/var/named";
        dump-file       "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
        statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
        memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
        allow-query     { any; };
        recursion yes;

        dnssec-enable yes;
        dnssec-validation yes;

        /* Path to ISC DLV key */
        bindkeys-file "/etc/named.iscdlv.key";

        managed-keys-directory "/var/named/dynamic";
};

logging {
        channel default_debug {
                file "data/named.run";
                severity dynamic;
        };
};
view lan {                                    
        match-clients { 192.168.88.0/24; };
        zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
        };
        include "/etc/lan.zones";
};
view wan {
        match-clients { any; };
        zone "." IN {
        type hint;
        file "named.ca";
        };
        include "/etc/wan.zones";
};
#include "/etc/named.rfc1912.zones";
include "/etc/named.root.key";

        3、复制配置文件为上一步创建的文件名称

[root@CentOS-05 etc]# cp -a named.rfc1912.zones lan.zones
[root@CentOS-05 etc]# cp -a named.rfc1912.zones wan.zones

          lan.zones的修改

zone "gaoda.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "lan.localhost";
        allow-update { none; };
};

        wan.zones的修改

zone "gaoda.com" IN {
        type master;
        file "wan.localhost";
        allow-update { none; };
};

        4、在/var/named/创建 lan.localhost和wan.localhost文件

        lan.localhost配置文件内容

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  gaoda.com. rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.gaoda.com.
dns     A       192.168.88.20
www     A       192.168.88.30

        wan.localhost配置文件内容

$TTL 1D
@       IN SOA  gaoda.com. rname.invalid. (
                                        0       ; serial
                                        1D      ; refresh
                                        1H      ; retry
                                        1W      ; expire
                                        3H )    ; minimum
        NS      dns.gaoda.com.
dns     A       100.100.100.20
www     A       100.100.100.30

        5、重新启动服务:service  named  restart

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