【Servlet】解决org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke Exception invoking method

错误情况

遇到Tomcat服务器启动报错信息如下所示：

C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\bin\catalina.bat run
[2023-09-13 05:23:12,052] Artifact servlet10:war exploded: Waiting for server connection to start artifact deployment...
Using CATALINA_BASE:   "C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0"
Using CATALINA_HOME:   "C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12"
Using CATALINA_TMPDIR: "C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\temp"
Using JRE_HOME:        "C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17.0.4"
Using CLASSPATH:       "C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\bin\bootstrap.jar;C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\bin\tomcat-juli.jar"
Using CATALINA_OPTS:   ""
NOTE: Picked up JDK_JAVA_OPTIONS:  --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.078 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Server.服务器版本: Apache Tomcat/10.0.12
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.080 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 服务器构建:        Sep 28 2021 13:34:21 UTC
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.080 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 服务器版本号:      10.0.12.0
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.080 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 操作系统名称:      Windows 10
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.081 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log OS.版本:           10.0
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.081 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 架构:              amd64
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.082 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java 环境变量:     C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17.0.4
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.082 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log Java虚拟机版本:    17.0.4+11-LTS-179
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.083 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log JVM.供应商:        Oracle Corporation
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.083 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_BASE:     C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.083 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log CATALINA_HOME:     C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.085 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       --add-opens=java.base/java.lang=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.085 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       --add-opens=java.base/java.io=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.085 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       --add-opens=java.base/java.util=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.085 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       --add-opens=java.base/java.util.concurrent=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.086 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       --add-opens=java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport=ALL-UNNAMED
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.086 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djava.util.logging.config.file=C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0\conf\logging.properties
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.086 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.086 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote=
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.088 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.port=1099
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.088 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.ssl=false
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.089 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.password.file=C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0\jmxremote.password
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.089 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcom.sun.management.jmxremote.access.file=C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0\jmxremote.access
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.089 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djava.rmi.server.hostname=127.0.0.1
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.089 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djdk.tls.ephemeralDHKeySize=2048
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.090 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djava.protocol.handler.pkgs=org.apache.catalina.webresources
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.090 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dignore.endorsed.dirs=
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.090 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcatalina.base=C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\JetBrains\IntelliJIdea2022.2\tomcat\4801d191-f084-48f0-9d6c-6e1d9befafe0
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.090 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Dcatalina.home=C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.091 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener.log 命令行参数：       -Djava.io.tmpdir=C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\temp
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.116 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener.lifecycleEvent 在java.library.path:[C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17.0.4\bin;C:\Windows\Sun\Java\bin;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Program Files (x86)\VMware\VMware Workstation\bin\;C:\Program Files (x86)\curl-7.86.0_1-win64-mingw\curl-7.86.0_1-win64-mingw\bin;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Oracle\Java\javapath;C:\Windows\system32;C:\Windows;C:\Windows\System32\Wbem;C:\Windows\System32\WindowsPowerShell\v1.0\;C:\Windows\System32\OpenSSH\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17.0.4\bin\javac.exe;C:\Program Files\Bandizip\;C:\Program Files\dotnet\;C:\Program Files (x86)\dotnet\;C:\Program Files\Git\cmd;C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 8.0\bin;C:\Program Files (x86)\NetSarang\Xshell 7\;C:\Program Files (x86)\NetSarang\Xftp 7\;C:\Program Files\nodejs;C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_cache;C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_global;C:\Program Files\nodejs\;C:\dev\apache-tomcat-10.0.12\bin;C:\Program Files\wkhtmltopdf\bin;D:\;C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\Scripts\;C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\Programs\Python\Python37\;C:\Program Files\Java\jdk-17.0.4\binC:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\IntelliJ IDEA 2022.2.1\bin;;C:\Program Files\JetBrains\PyCharm 2022.2.2\bin;;D:\Microsoft VS Code\bin;C:\Users\jiahong\AppData\Local\Microsoft\WindowsApps;C:\Users\Jiahong\AppData\Roaming\npm;C:\Program Files\nodejs\node_modules;c:\users\jiahong\.local\bin;c:\users\jiahong\appdata\roaming\python\python38\scripts;D:\mongodb\mongodb-win32-x86_64-windows-5.0.17-rc0\bin;D:\mongodb\mongosh-1.8.0-win32-x64\bin;C:\Program Files\wkhtmltopdf\bin;D:\;;.]上找不到基于APR的Apache Tomcat本机库，该库允许在生产环境中获得最佳性能
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.404 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.init 初始化协议处理器 ["http-nio-8080"]
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.431 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.load 服务器在[648]毫秒内初始化
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.514 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService.startInternal 正在启动服务[Catalina]
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.514 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine.startInternal 正在启动 Servlet 引擎：[Apache Tomcat/10.0.12]
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.530 信息 [main] org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol.start 开始协议处理句柄["http-nio-8080"]
13-Sep-2023 17:23:13.593 信息 [main] org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina.start [161]毫秒后服务器启动
Connected to server
[2023-09-13 05:23:13,729] Artifact servlet10:war exploded: Artifact is being deployed, please wait...
13-Sep-2023 17:23:14.136 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(2)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke 调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常
    java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:729)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:698)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:747)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1873)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:814)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:802)
        at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:428)
        at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:376)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:814)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:802)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:472)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1472)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1310)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:712)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1412)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:360)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:712)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:587)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:828)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:705)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:399)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:704)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: 无法启动组件[StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/servlet10]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:726)
        ... 42 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: servlet映射中的<url pattern>[a]无效
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addServletMappingDecoded(StandardContext.java:3262)
        at org.apache.catalina.Context.addServletMappingDecoded(Context.java:905)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1562)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1329)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:986)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:303)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5084)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        ... 43 more
13-Sep-2023 17:23:14.138 严重 [RMI TCP Connection(2)-127.0.0.1] org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke 调用方法[createStandardContext]时发生异常
    javax.management.RuntimeOperationsException: 调用方法[manageApp]时发生异常
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:303)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:814)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:802)
        at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:428)
        at org.apache.catalina.mbeans.MBeanFactory.createStandardContext(MBeanFactory.java:376)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.interceptor.DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.invoke(DefaultMBeanServerInterceptor.java:814)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.mbeanserver.JmxMBeanServer.invoke(JmxMBeanServer.java:802)
        at java.management/com.sun.jmx.remote.security.MBeanServerAccessController.invoke(MBeanServerAccessController.java:472)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1472)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl$PrivilegedOperation.run(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1310)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:712)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.doPrivilegedOperation(RMIConnectionImpl.java:1412)
        at java.management.rmi/javax.management.remote.rmi.RMIConnectionImpl.invoke(RMIConnectionImpl.java:829)
[2023-09-13 05:23:14,183] Artifact servlet10:war exploded: Error during artifact deployment. See server log for details.
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.server.UnicastServerRef.dispatch(UnicastServerRef.java:360)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:200)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport$1.run(Transport.java:197)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:712)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.Transport.serviceCall(Transport.java:196)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport.handleMessages(TCPTransport.java:587)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run0(TCPTransport.java:828)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.lambda$run$0(TCPTransport.java:705)
        at java.base/java.security.AccessController.doPrivileged(AccessController.java:399)
        at java.rmi/sun.rmi.transport.tcp.TCPTransport$ConnectionHandler.run(TCPTransport.java:704)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1136)
        at java.base/java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:635)
        at java.base/java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:833)
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalStateException: 启动子级时出错
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:729)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChild(ContainerBase.java:698)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHost.addChild(StandardHost.java:747)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig.manageApp(HostConfig.java:1873)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:77)
        at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
        at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:568)
        at org.apache.tomcat.util.modeler.BaseModelMBean.invoke(BaseModelMBean.java:293)
        ... 34 more
    Caused by: org.apache.catalina.LifecycleException: 无法启动组件[StandardEngine[Catalina].StandardHost[localhost].StandardContext[/servlet10]]
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.handleSubClassException(LifecycleBase.java:440)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:198)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.ContainerBase.addChildInternal(ContainerBase.java:726)
        ... 42 more
    Caused by: java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: servlet映射中的<url pattern>[a]无效
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.addServletMappingDecoded(StandardContext.java:3262)
        at org.apache.catalina.Context.addServletMappingDecoded(Context.java:905)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureContext(ContextConfig.java:1562)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.webConfig(ContextConfig.java:1329)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.configureStart(ContextConfig.java:986)
        at org.apache.catalina.startup.ContextConfig.lifecycleEvent(ContextConfig.java:303)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.fireLifecycleEvent(LifecycleBase.java:123)
        at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContext.startInternal(StandardContext.java:5084)
        at org.apache.catalina.util.LifecycleBase.start(LifecycleBase.java:183)
        ... 43 more
 

<servlet-mapping>下的<url-pattern>有错

错因是没加/