redis+Keepalived实现Redis高可用性(非sentinel)

原文： http://www.ttlsa.com/redis/redis-keepalived-achieve-high-availability/

环境：

    Master：192.168.19.131

    Slave：192.168.19.132

安装redis： http://note.youdao.com/share/?id=de84a72d3ddc5db8bdd00d28b05699fb&type=note

安装keepalived： http://note.youdao.com/share/?id=ca515397441cad8a294b405df274d553&type=note

1、Master上修改KeepAlived的配置文件

    # vi  / etc / keepalived / keepalived . conf

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / keepalived . conf vrrp_script   chk_redis   {                  script   "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh"     ###监控脚本                  interval   2                                          ###监控时间 } vrrp_instance   VI_1   {          state   MASTER                              ###设置为MASTER          interface   eth0                            ###监控网卡              virtual_router_id   51          priority   101                              ###权重值          authentication   {                       auth_type  PASS               ###加密                       auth_pass  redis              ###密码          }          track_script   {                  chk_redis                         ###执行上面定义的chk_redis          }          virtual_ipaddress   {               10.6.1.200                           ###VIP          }          notify_master   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_master . sh          notify_backup   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_backup . sh          notify_fault    / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_fault . sh          notify_stop     / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_stop . sh }

2、Slave上修改KeepAlived的配置文件

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / keepalived . conf vrrp_script   chk_redis   {                  script   "/etc/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh"     ###监控脚本                  interval   2                                          ###监控时间 } vrrp_instance   VI_1   {          state   BACKUP                                  ###设置为BACKUP          interface   eth0                                ###监控网卡          virtual_router_id   51          priority   100                                  ###比MASTRE权重值低          authentication   {                       auth_type  PASS                       auth_pass  redis                  ###密码与MASTRE相同          }          track_script   {                  chk_redis                         ###执行上面定义的chk_redis          }          virtual_ipaddress   {               10.6.1.200                           ###VIP          }          notify_master   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_master . sh          notify_backup   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_backup . sh          notify_fault    / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_fault . sh          notify_stop     / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_stop . sh }

3、在Master和Slave上创建监控Redis的脚本

#   sudo  mkdir   / etc / keepalived / scripts

#  sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_check . sh

$   sudo  mkdir   / etc / keepalived / scripts $   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_check . sh #!/bin/bash ALIVE = ` / home/soft/redis-3.0.3/src / redis - cli  PING ` if   [   "$ALIVE"   ==   "PONG"   ] ;   then    echo   $ ALIVE    exit   0 else    echo   $ ALIVE    exit   1 fi

4、编写以下负责运作的关键脚本：

首先，在Redis Master上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_master . sh #!/bin/bash   REDISCLI = "/home/soft/redis-3.0.3/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE = "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"   echo   "[master]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE echo   "Being master...."   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1   echo   "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF   192.168.19.132   6379   >>   $ LOGFILE    2 > & 1 sleep   10   #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态   echo   "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF  NO  ONE   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_backup . sh #!/bin/bash   REDISCLI = "/home/soft/redis-3.0.3/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE = "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"   echo   "[backup]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE echo   "Being slave...."   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1   sleep   15   #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo   "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF   192.168.19.132   6379   >>   $ LOGFILE    2 > & 1

接着，在Redis Slave上创建notity_master与notify_backup脚本：

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_master . sh #!/bin/bash   REDISCLI = "/home/soft/redis-3.0.3/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE = "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"   echo   "[master]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE echo   "Being master...."   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1   echo   "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF   192.168.19.131   6379   >>   $ LOGFILE    2 > & 1 sleep   10   #延迟10秒以后待数据同步完成后再取消同步状态   echo   "Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF  NO  ONE   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_backup . sh #!/bin/bash   REDISCLI = "/home/soft/redis-3.0.3/src/redis-cli" LOGFILE = "/var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log"   echo   "[backup]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE echo   "Being slave...."   >>   $ LOGFILE   2 > & 1   sleep   15   #延迟15秒待数据被对方同步完成之后再切换主从角色 echo   "Run SLAVEOF cmd ..."   >>   $ LOGFILE $ REDISCLI  SLAVEOF   192.168.19.131   6379   >>   $ LOGFILE    2 > & 1

然后在Master与Slave创建如下相同的脚本：

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_fault . sh #!/bin/bash   LOGFILE = / var / log / keepalived - redis - state . log   echo   "[fault]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE

$   sudo  vim   / etc / keepalived / scripts / redis_stop . sh #!/bin/bash   LOGFILE = / var / log / keepalived - redis - state . log   echo   "[stop]"   >>   $ LOGFILE date   >>   $ LOGFILE

给脚本都加上可执行权限：
$ sudo chmod +x /etc/keepalived/scripts/*.sh

脚本创建完成以后，我们开始按照如下流程进行测试：
1.启动Master上的Redis
$ sudo /etc/init.d/redis start

2.启动Slave上的Redis
$ sudo /etc/init.d/redis start

3.启动Master上的Keepalived
$ sudo /etc/init.d/keepalived start

4.启动Slave上的Keepalived
$ sudo /etc/init.d/keepalived start

5.尝试通过VIP连接Redis:
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 INFO

连接成功，Slave也连接上来了。
role:master
slave0:192.168.19.132,6379,online

6.尝试插入一些数据：
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 SET Hello Redis
OK

从VIP读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 GET Hello
"Redis"

从Master读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.19.131 GET Hello
"Redis"

从Slave读取数据
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.19.132 GET Hello

"Redis"

下面，模拟故障产生：
将Master上的Redis进程杀死：
$ sudo killall -9 redis-server

查看Master上的Keepalived日志
$ tailf /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[fault]
Thu Sep 27 08:29:01 CST 2012

同时Slave上的日志显示：
$ tailf /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[master]
Fri Sep 28 14:14:09 CST 2012
Being master....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK
Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...
OK

然后我们可以发现，Slave已经接管服务，并且担任Master的角色了。
$ redis-cli -h 10.6.1.200 INFO
$ redis-cli -h 192.168.19.132 INFO
role:master

然后我们恢复Master的Redis进程
$ sudo /etc/init.d/redis start

查看Master上的Keepalived日志
$ tailf /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[master]
Thu Sep 27 08:31:33 CST 2012
Being master....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK
Run SLAVEOF NO ONE cmd ...
OK

同时Slave上的日志显示：
$ tailf /var/log/keepalived-redis-state.log
[backup]
Fri Sep 28 14:16:37 CST 2012
Being slave....
Run SLAVEOF cmd ...
OK

可以发现目前的Master已经再次恢复了Master的角色，故障切换以及自动恢复都成功了。