ES（2）基本使用

创建索引

创建索引等同于创建数据库

创建一个shopping的索引需要 在Postman中，向ES服务器发送 PUT 请求:

http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

{
    "acknowledged": true,
    "shards_acknowledged": true,
    "index": "shopping"
}

PUT 具有幂等性再次请求相同名称的索引会出现问题，提示你重复了。

查询索引

查询 shopping索引

获取 shopping 索引相关信息。
用 GET 请求发送

http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

{
    "shopping": {
        "aliases": {},
        "mappings": {},
        "settings": {
            "index": {
                "routing": {
                    "allocation": {
                        "include": {
                            "_tier_preference": "data_content"
                        }
                    }
                },
                "number_of_shards": "1",
                "provided_name": "shopping",
                "creation_date": "1670935714623",
                "number_of_replicas": "1",
                "uuid": "vC5bzEg2SK-yTYK20D2jMA",
                "version": {
                    "created": "7160299"
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

查询所有索引

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/_cat/indices?v

health status index            uuid                   pri rep docs.count docs.deleted store.size pri.store.size
green  open   .geoip_databases 2iBY2CVPTaSv3xUEjYU_2g   1   0         40            0       38mb           38mb
yellow open   shopping         vC5bzEg2SK-yTYK20D2jMA   1   1          0            0       226b           226b

删除索引

DELETE http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping

{
    "acknowledged": true
}

数据操作

添加

POST http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001 并且传递json参数

{
    "title":"小米手机",
    "category":"小米",
    "images":"1.png",
    "price":1999
}

_doc 文档数据

/1001 指定id

id可以不填发送 http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc 会随机创建id

返回json

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 1,
    "result": "created",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 1,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

查询

查询指定id数据

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001 无需携带body

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 1,
    "_seq_no": 1,
    "_primary_term": 1,
    "found": true,
    "_source": {
        "title": "小米手机",
        "category": "小米",
        "images": "1.png",
        "price": 1999
    }
}

查询所有数据

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search 无需携带body

{
    "took": 173,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 2,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 1.0,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "nveSC4UBUGCCAe-4B2he",
                "_score": 1.0,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "1.png",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            },
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "1001",
                "_score": 1.0,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "1.png",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

修改

完全覆盖

PUT http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001

{
    "title":"小米手机",
    "category":"小米",
    "images":"1.png",
    "price":4999
}

返回json

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 2,
    "result": "updated",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 2,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

局部修改

POST http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_update/1001

{
    "doc":{
        "title":"华为手机"
    }
}

返回json

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 3,
    "result": "updated",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 3,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

删除

DELETE http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_doc/1001

{
    "_index": "shopping",
    "_type": "_doc",
    "_id": "1001",
    "_version": 4,
    "result": "deleted",
    "_shards": {
        "total": 2,
        "successful": 1,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "_seq_no": 4,
    "_primary_term": 1
}

复杂查询操作

条件查询

根据字段名和值查询对应数据

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match":{
            "category":"小米"
        }
    }
}

返回json

{
    "took": 6,
    "timed_out": false,
    "_shards": {
        "total": 1,
        "successful": 1,
        "skipped": 0,
        "failed": 0
    },
    "hits": {
        "total": {
            "value": 1,
            "relation": "eq"
        },
        "max_score": 0.26706278,
        "hits": [
            {
                "_index": "shopping",
                "_type": "_doc",
                "_id": "nveSC4UBUGCCAe-4B2he",
                "_score": 0.26706278,
                "_source": {
                    "title": "小米手机",
                    "category": "小米",
                    "images": "1.png",
                    "price": 1999
                }
            }
        ]
    }
}

全量查询

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{
        }
    }
}

分页查询

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{
        }
    },
    "from":0,   // 偏移量
    "size":2    // 每页数量
}

显示指定字段

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{
        }
    },
    "from":0,   // 偏移量
    "size":2,    // 每页数量
    "_source":["title"]
}

排序查询

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_all":{
        }
    },
    "from":0,   // 偏移量
    "size":2,    // 每页数量
    "_source":["title"],
    "sort":{
        "price":{
            "order":"desc" // asc
        }
    }
}

多条件查询

must（and）

同时查询品牌是小米，价格为1999的手机

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "bool":{
            "must":[    // 多个条件同时成立（and）  还有 should（or）
                {
                    "match":{
                        "category":"小米"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "match":{
                        "price":1999
                    }
                }
            ]
        }
    }
}

filter （where）

查询类型是小米或者华为的价格大于 1000 的手机

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "bool":{
            "should":[
                {
                    "match":{
                        "category":"小米"
                    }
                },
                {
                    "match":{
                        "category":"华为"
                    }
                }
            ],
            "filter":{
                "range":{
                    "price":{
                        "gt":1000
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

完全匹配

我们之前使用都是 全文检索匹配 输入的内容会被分词查询。如果想要其精准匹配需要使用 完全匹配 match_phrase

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_phrase":{
            "category":"小米"
        }
    }
}

高亮查询

对查询出来结果的数据 category进行高亮显示

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "query":{
        "match_phrase":{
            "category":"小米"
        }
    },
    "highlight":{
        "fields":{
            "category":{}
        }
    }
}

聚合查询

分组

对价格进行分组

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "aggs":{    // 聚合操作
        "price_group":{ // 分组后名称，随意起
            "terms":{   // 分组
                "field":"price" // 分组字段
            }
        }
    }
}

求平均

对价格进行平均

GET http://127.0.0.1:9200/shopping/_search

{
    "aggs":{    // 聚合操作
        "price_avg":{ // 分组后名称，随意起
            "avg":{   // 分组
                "field":"price" // 分组字段
            }
        }
    }
}