求伯努利数与 ∑ i = 0 n − 1 i k \sum_{i=0}^{n-1}i^k ∑i=0n−1ik
伯努利数
定义
B
0
=
1
B_0=1
B0=1
∑
i
=
0
m
(
m
+
1
i
)
×
B
i
=
0
\sum_{i=0}^{m}\tbinom{m+1}{i}\times B_i=0
i=0∑m(im+1)×Bi=0
指数型生成函数
m
>
1
m>1
m>1时
∑
i
=
0
m
(
m
+
1
i
)
×
B
i
=
0
\sum_{i=0}^{m}\tbinom{m+1}{i}\times B_i=0
i=0∑m(im+1)×Bi=0
∑
i
=
0
m
−
1
(
m
i
)
×
B
i
=
0
\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}\tbinom{m}{i}\times B_i=0
i=0∑m−1(im)×Bi=0
∑
i
=
0
m
−
1
(
m
i
)
×
B
i
+
B
m
=
B
m
\sum_{i=0}^{m-1}\tbinom{m}{i}\times B_i+B_m=B_m
i=0∑m−1(im)×Bi+Bm=Bm
∑
i
=
0
m
(
m
i
)
×
B
i
=
B
m
\sum_{i=0}^{m}\tbinom{m}{i}\times B_i=B_m
i=0∑m(im)×Bi=Bm
∑
i
=
0
m
m
!
i
!
(
m
−
i
)
!
×
B
i
=
B
m
\sum_{i=0}^{m}\frac{m!}{i!(m-i)!}\times B_i=B_m
i=0∑mi!(m−i)!m!×Bi=Bm
∑
i
=
0
m
B
i
i
!
×
1
(
m
−
i
)
!
=
B
m
m
!
\sum_{i=0}^{m}\frac{B_i}{i!}\times \frac{1}{(m-i)!}=\frac{B_m}{m!}
i=0∑mi!Bi×(m−i)!1=m!Bm
对
B
B
B 构造指数型生成函数
B
(
x
)
=
∑
i
=
0
∞
B
i
i
!
B(x)=\sum_{i=0}^{\infty}\frac{B_i}{i!}
B(x)=∑i=0∞i!Bi
可以发现左侧是
B
(
x
)
×
E
G
F
{
1
}
B(x)\times EGF\{1\}
B(x)×EGF{1}
B
(
x
)
×
e
x
=
B
(
x
)
+
x
B(x)\times e^x=B(x)+x
B(x)×ex=B(x)+x
+
x
+x
+x 是因为右侧没有
B
1
B_1
B1
B
(
x
)
=
x
e
x
−
1
B(x)=\frac{x}{e^x-1}
B(x)=ex−1x
参考
h
e
a
r
\tt hear
hear
伯努利数与自然数幂和公式
S
(
n
,
k
)
=
∑
i
=
0
n
−
1
i
k
=
1
k
+
1
∑
i
=
0
k
(
k
+
1
i
)
B
i
n
k
−
1
+
i
S(n,k)=\sum_{i=0}^{n-1}i^k=\frac{1}{k+1}\sum_{i=0}^{k}\tbinom{k+1}{i}B_in^{k-1+i}
S(n,k)=i=0∑n−1ik=k+11i=0∑k(ik+1)Bink−1+i
证明在这里