SpringBoot整合SpringSecurity和JWT

JWT

1.介绍:

全称 JSON Web Token,通过数字签名的方式,以JSON为载体,在不同的服务终端之间安全的传递信息。

常用于授权认证,用户登录后的每个请求都包含JWT,后端处理请求之前都要进行校验。

2.组成:

Header:数据头,令牌类型和加密算法

Payload:负载,请求体和其他数据

Signature:签名,把头部的base64UrlEncode与负载的base64UrlEncode拼接起来再进行HMACSHA256加密

用户认证流程

1.用户提交登录表单(用户名和密码)

2.后端校验成功后生成JWT,通过response的header返回给前端

3.前端将JWT保存到LocalStorage

4.之后所有的请求中请求头都携带JWT进行身份认证

在这里插入图片描述

Spring Security(安全框架)

1、介绍
Spring Security是一个能够为基于Spring的企业应用系统提供声明式的安全访问控制解决方案的安全框架。

如果项目中需要进行权限管理,具有多个角色和多种权限,我们可以使用Spring Security。

采用的是责任链的设计模式,是一堆过滤器链的组合,它有一条很长的过滤器链。

2、功能
Authentication (认证),就是用户登录
Authorization (授权),判断用户拥有什么权限,可以访问什么资源
安全防护,跨站脚本攻击,session攻击等
非常容易结合Spring进行使用

3、Spring SecurityShiro的区别

优点:

1、Spring Security基于Spring开发,项目如果使用Spring作为基础,配合Spring Security做权限更加方便。而Shiro需要和Spring进行整合开发
2、Spring Security功能比Shiro更加丰富,例如安全防护方面
3、Spring Security社区资源相对比Shiro更加丰富

缺点:

1)Shiro的配置和使用比较简单,Spring Security上手复杂些
2)Shiro依赖性低,不需要依赖任何框架和容器,可以独立运行。Spring Security依赖Spring容器

需要实现的过滤器和处理器

1、LogoutSuccessHandler:
  表示登出处理器
2、验证码过滤器Filter
3、登录认证成功、失败处理器
4、BasicAuthenticationFilter:
  该过滤器用于普通http请求进行身份认证
5、AuthenticationEntryPoint:
  表示认证失败处理器
6、AccessDenieHandler:
  用户发起无权限访问请求的处理器
7、UserServiceDatils 接口:
  该接口十分重要,用于从数据库中验证用户名密码
8、PasswordEncoder密码验证器

整合

1.添加相应依赖
    <!-- springboot security -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <!-- jwt -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>io.jsonwebtoken</groupId>
        <artifactId>jjwt</artifactId>
        <version>0.9.1</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>com.github.axet</groupId>
        <artifactId>kaptcha</artifactId>
        <version>0.0.9</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- hutool工具类-->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>cn.hutool</groupId>
        <artifactId>hutool-all</artifactId>
        <version>5.3.3</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
        <version>3.11</version>
    </dependency>

    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
        <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
        <version>1.15</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-validation</artifactId>
    </dependency>
2.写一个JWT工具类(生成JWT、解析JWT、判断JWT是否过期)
import io.jsonwebtoken.*;
import lombok.Data;
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.util.Date;

@Data
@Component
@ConfigurationProperties(prefix = "xiaolinbao.jwt")
public class JwtUtils {

    //使用@ConfigurationProperties注解可以读取配置文件中的信息,只要在 Bean 上添加上了这个注解,指定好配置文件中的前缀,那么对应的配置文件数据就会自动填充到 Bean 的属性中
    private long expire;
    private String secret;
    private String header;

    // 生成JWT
    public String generateToken(String username) {

        Date nowDate = new Date();
        Date expireDate = new Date(nowDate.getTime() + 1000 * expire);

        return Jwts.builder()
                .setHeaderParam("typ", "JWT")
                .setSubject(username)
                .setIssuedAt(nowDate)
                .setExpiration(expireDate)    // 7天过期
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                .compact();
    }

    // 解析JWT
    public Claims getClaimsByToken(String jwt) {
        try {
            return Jwts.parser()
                    .setSigningKey(secret)
                    .parseClaimsJws(jwt)
                    .getBody();
        } catch (Exception e) {
            return null;
        }
    }

    // 判断JWT是否过期
    public boolean isTokenExpired(Claims claims) {
        return claims.getExpiration().before(new Date());
    }

}
#JWT配置
xiaolinbao:
  jwt:
    header: Authorization
    expire: 604800 # 7天,s为单位
    secret: abcdefghabcdefghabcdefghabcdefgh
封装Result
import lombok.Data;

import java.io.Serializable;

@Data
public class Result implements Serializable {

    private int code;
    private String msg;
    private Object data;

    public static Result succ(Object data) {
        return succ(200, "操作成功", data);
    }

    public static Result fail(String msg) {
        return fail(400, msg, null);
    }

    public static Result succ (int code, String msg, Object data) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setCode(code);
        result.setMsg(msg);
        result.setData(data);
        return result;
    }

    public static Result fail (int code, String msg, Object data) {
        Result result = new Result();
        result.setCode(code);
        result.setMsg(msg);
        result.setData(data);
        return result;
    }
}
LoginSuccessHandler(登录成功处理器)实现AuthenticationSuccessHandler
@Component
public class LoginSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {

    @Autowired
    JwtUtils jwtUtils;

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

        // 生成JWT,并放置到请求头中
        String jwt = jwtUtils.generateToken(authentication.getName());
        httpServletResponse.setHeader(jwtUtils.getHeader(), jwt);

        Result result = Result.succ("SuccessLogin");

        outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}
LoginFailureHandler(登录失败处理器)实现AuthenticationFailureHandler
@Component
public class LoginFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {

    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

        String errorMessage = "用户名或密码错误";
        Result result;
        if (e instanceof CaptchaException) {
            errorMessage = "验证码错误";
            result = Result.fail(errorMessage);
        } else {
            result = Result.fail(errorMessage);
        }
        outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}
自定义的验证码异常
public class CaptchaException extends AuthenticationException {

    public CaptchaException(String msg) {
        super(msg);
    }
}
验证码工具类
@Configuration
public class KaptchaConfig {

    @Bean
    DefaultKaptcha producer() {
        Properties properties = new Properties();
        properties.put("kaptcha.border", "no");
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.color", "black");
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.char.space", "4");
        properties.put("kaptcha.image.height", "40");
        properties.put("kaptcha.image.width", "120");
        properties.put("kaptcha.textproducer.font.size", "30");
        Config config = new Config(properties);
        DefaultKaptcha defaultKaptcha = new DefaultKaptcha();
        defaultKaptcha.setConfig(config);
        return defaultKaptcha;
    }

}
验证码 Controller
    
	@Autowired
    Producer producer;

	@GetMapping("/captcha")
    public Result Captcha() throws IOException {
        String key = UUID.randomUUID().toString();
        String code = producer.createText();

        BufferedImage image = producer.createImage(code);
        ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
        ImageIO.write(image, "jpg", outputStream);

        BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder();
        String str = "data:image/jpeg;base64,";

        String base64Img = str + encoder.encode(outputStream.toByteArray());

        //随机码为key,验证码为value
        redisUtil.hset(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY, key, code, 120);

        return Result.succ(
                MapUtil.builder()
                .put("userKey", key)
                .put("captcherImg", base64Img)
                .build()
        );
    }
验证码过滤器CaptchaFilter
@Component
public class CaptchaFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {

    @Autowired
    RedisUtil redisUtil;

    @Autowired
    LoginFailureHandler loginFailureHandler;

    //自定义处理逻辑
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {

        String url = httpServletRequest.getRequestURI();
        if ("/login".equals(url) && httpServletRequest.getMethod().equals("POST")) {
            // 校验验证码
            try {
                validate(httpServletRequest);
            } catch (CaptchaException e) {

                // 交给认证失败处理器
                loginFailureHandler.onAuthenticationFailure(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, e);
            }
        }
        filterChain.doFilter(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
    }

    // 校验验证码逻辑
    private void validate(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest) {
        String code = httpServletRequest.getParameter("code");
        String key = httpServletRequest.getParameter("userKey");

        if (StringUtils.isBlank(code) || StringUtils.isBlank(key)) {
            throw new CaptchaException("验证码错误");
        }

        if (!code.equals(redisUtil.hget(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY, key))) {
            throw new CaptchaException("验证码错误");
        }

        // 若验证码正确,执行以下语句
        // 一次性使用
        redisUtil.hdel(Const.CAPTCHA_KEY, key);
    }
}
JWT过滤器JwtAuthenticationFilter

检验JWT是否正确以及是否过期

public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {

    @Autowired
    JwtUtils jwtUtils;

    @Autowired
    UserDetailServiceImpl userDetailService;

    @Autowired
    SysUserService sysUserService;

    public JwtAuthenticationFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
        super(authenticationManager);
    }

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
        String jwt = request.getHeader(jwtUtils.getHeader());
        // 这里如果没有jwt,继续往后走,因为后面还有鉴权管理器等去判断是否拥有身份凭证,所以是可以放行的
        // 没有jwt相当于匿名访问,若有一些接口是需要权限的,则不能访问这些接口
        if (StrUtil.isBlankOrUndefined(jwt)) {
            chain.doFilter(request, response);
            return;
        }

        Claims claim = jwtUtils.getClaimsByToken(jwt);
        if (claim == null) {
            throw new JwtException("token 异常");
        }
        if (jwtUtils.isTokenExpired(claim)) {
            throw new JwtException("token 已过期");
        }

        String username = claim.getSubject();
        // 获取用户的权限等信息

        SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getByUsername(username);


        // 构建UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken,这里密码为null,是因为提供了正确的JWT,实现自动登录
        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken token = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(username, null, userDetailService.getUserAuthority(sysUser.getId()));
        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(token);

        chain.doFilter(request, response);

    }
}

SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication().getPrincipal()等方法获取到当前登录的用户信息

JWT认证失败处理器JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint
@Component
public class JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {


    //认证失败的处理
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AuthenticationException e) throws IOException, ServletException {

        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED);
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

        Result result = Result.fail("请先登录");

        outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}
从数据库中验证用户名、密码:UserServiceDetails、AuthenticationManager、UserDetails

SpringSecurity中的认证管理器AuthenticationManager是一个抽象接口,用以提供各种认证方式。一般我们都使用从数据库中验证用户名、密码是否正确这种认证方式。

AuthenticationManager的默认实现类是ProviderManager,ProviderManager提供很多认证方式,DaoAuthenticationProvider是AuthenticationProvider的一种实现,可以通过实现UserDetailsService接口的方式来实现数据库查询方式登录。

Spring Security在拿到UserDetails之后,会去对比Authentication(Authentication如何得到?我们使用的是默认的UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter,它会读取表单中的用户信息并生成Authentication),若密码正确,则Spring Secuity自动帮忙完成登录

在这里插入图片描述

定义一个UserDetails接口的实现类,称为AccountUser实现所有方法

public interface UserDetails extends Serializable {
    //获取用户权限
    Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities();

    //用户密码
    String getPassword();

    //用户名
    String getUsername();

    //用户是否过期
    boolean isAccountNonExpired();

    //用户是否被锁定
    boolean isAccountNonLocked();

    //认证信息是否过期
    boolean isCredentialsNonExpired();

    //用户启用还是禁用
    boolean isEnabled();
}
实现 UserDetails (默认有权限管理功能)
public class AccountUser implements UserDetails {

    private Long userId;

    private static final long serialVersionUID = 540L;
    private static final Log logger = LogFactory.getLog(User.class);
    private String password;
    private final String username;
    private final Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities;
    private final boolean accountNonExpired;
    private final boolean accountNonLocked;
    private final boolean credentialsNonExpired;
    private final boolean enabled;

    public AccountUser(Long userId, String username, String password, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        this(userId, username, password, true, true, true, true, authorities);
    }

    public AccountUser(Long userId, String username, String password, boolean enabled, boolean accountNonExpired, boolean credentialsNonExpired, boolean accountNonLocked, Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> authorities) {
        Assert.isTrue(username != null && !"".equals(username) && password != null, "Cannot pass null or empty values to constructor");
        this.userId = userId;
        this.username = username;
        this.password = password;
        this.enabled = enabled;
        this.accountNonExpired = accountNonExpired;
        this.credentialsNonExpired = credentialsNonExpired;
        this.accountNonLocked = accountNonLocked;
        this.authorities = authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<? extends GrantedAuthority> getAuthorities() {
        return this.authorities;
    }

    @Override
    public String getPassword() {
        return this.password;
    }

    @Override
    public String getUsername() {
        return this.username;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonExpired() {
        return this.accountNonExpired;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isAccountNonLocked() {
        return this.accountNonLocked;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isCredentialsNonExpired() {
        return this.credentialsNonExpired;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean isEnabled() {
        return this.enabled;
    }
}
实现 UserDetailsService 重写其loadUserByUsername方法 使用用户名在数据库中查找用户信息返回
@Service
public class UserDetailServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService {

    @Autowired
    SysUserService sysUserService;

    @Override
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) throws UsernameNotFoundException {

        SysUser sysUser = sysUserService.getByUsername(username);
        if (sysUser == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名或密码错误");
        }


        return new AccountUser(sysUser.getId(), sysUser.getUsername(), sysUser.getPassword(), getUserAuthority(sysUser.getId()));

    }

    /**
     * 获取用户权限信息(角色、菜单权限)
     * @param userId
     * @return
     */
    public List<GrantedAuthority> getUserAuthority(Long userId) {
    	// 实际怎么写以数据表结构为准,这里只是写个例子
        // 角色(比如ROLE_admin),菜单操作权限(比如sys:user:list)
        String authority = sysUserService.getUserAuthorityInfo(userId);     // 比如ROLE_admin,ROLE_normal,sys:user:list,...

        return AuthorityUtils.commaSeparatedStringToAuthorityList(authority);
    }
}

实现了上述几个接口,从数据库中验证用户名、密码的过程将由框架帮我们完成,封装隐藏了

无权限访问的处理:AccessDenieHandler

当权限不足时,我们需要设置权限不足状态码403,并将错误信息返回给前端

@Component
public class JwtAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler {

    @Override
    public void handle(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, AccessDeniedException e) throws IOException, ServletException {
        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        httpServletResponse.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_FORBIDDEN);
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

        Result result = Result.fail(e.getMessage());

        outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}
登出处理器 LogoutSuccessHandler

1.将原来的 JWT 置为空返给前端

2.用空字符串覆盖之前的 JWT (JWT是无状态 无法销毁 只能等过期 所以采用置空浏览器中保存的JWT)

3.清除SecurityContext中的用户信息 (通过创建SecurityContextLogoutHandler对象,调用它的logout方法)

实现 LogoutSuccessHandler 重写 onLogoutSuccess 方法

@Component
public class JWTLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler {

    @Autowired
    JwtUtils jwtUtils;

    @Override
    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest, HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {

        if (authentication != null) {
            new SecurityContextLogoutHandler().logout(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse, authentication);
        }

        httpServletResponse.setContentType("application/json;charset=UTF-8");
        ServletOutputStream outputStream = httpServletResponse.getOutputStream();

        httpServletResponse.setHeader(jwtUtils.getHeader(), "");

        Result result = Result.succ("SuccessLogout");

        outputStream.write(JSONUtil.toJsonStr(result).getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
        outputStream.flush();
        outputStream.close();
    }
}
密码加密解密:PasswordEncoder

1.首先前端对密码进行esa加密

2.后端对前端传输过来的密码进行解密

3.再根据数据库的加密规则BCrypt进行加密

SpringSecurity提供了用于密码加密解密的工具类BCryptPasswordEncoder

需自定义PasswordEncoder类,并使其继承BCryptPasswordEncoder,重写其matches方法

@NoArgsConstructor
public class PasswordEncoder extends BCryptPasswordEncoder {

    //判断从前端接收的密码与数据库中的密码是否一致
    @Override
    public boolean matches(CharSequence rawPassword, String encodedPassword) {
        // 接收到的前端的密码
        String pwd = rawPassword.toString();
        // 进行rsa解密
        try {
            pwd = RsaUtils.decryptByPrivateKey(RsaProperties.privateKey, pwd);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            throw new BadCredentialsException(e.getMessage());
        }
        if (encodedPassword != null && encodedPassword.length() != 0) {
            return BCrypt.checkpw(pwd, encodedPassword);
        } else {
            return false;
        }
    }
}
Spring Security全局配置:SecurityConfig

需要继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter(采用适配器模式,继承后SecurityConfig可以看做是WebSecurityConfigurer)

SecurityConfig需要使用@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)注解

Spring Security默认是禁用注解的,要想开启注解,需要在继承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter的类上加@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity注解,来判断用户对某个控制层的方法是否具有访问权限。prePostEnabled = true即可在方法前后进行权限检查

Security内置的权限注解如下:
  @PreAuthorize:方法执行前进行权限检查 @PreAuthorize("hasAuthority('sys:user:list')")
  @PostAuthorize:方法执行后进行权限检查
  @Secured:类似于 @PreAuthorize
  可以在Controller的方法前添加这些注解表示接口需要什么权限。

配置类还需使用@EnableWebSecurity注解,该注解有两个作用:1. 加载了WebSecurityConfiguration配置类, 配置安全认证策略。2.加载了AuthenticationConfiguration, 配置了认证信息。AuthenticationConfiguration这个类的作用就是用来创建ProviderManager。
  @EnableWebSecurity完成的工作便是加载了WebSecurityConfiguration,AuthenticationConfiguration这两个核心配置类,也就此将spring security的职责划分为了配置安全信息,配置认证信息两部分。

在SecurityConfig这个配置类中,我们需要将之前写的拦截器和处理器都autowire进来,并使用@Bean注解,声明JwtAuthenticationFilter和PasswordEncoder的构造函数。在JwtAuthenticationFilter的构造函数中,我们调用authenticationManager()方法给JwtAuthenticationFilter提供AuthenticationManager。

配置类需要重写configure方法进行配置,该方法有多种重载形式,我们使用其中的两种,其中一个用于配置url安全拦截配置,另一个用于AuthenticationManager配置UserDetailsService的实现类

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@RequiredArgsConstructor
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    LoginFailureHandler loginFailureHandler;

    @Autowired
    LoginSuccessHandler loginSuccessHandler;

    @Autowired
    CaptchaFilter captchaFilter;

    @Autowired
    JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;

    @Autowired
    JwtAccessDeniedHandler jwtAccessDeniedHandler;

    @Autowired
    UserDetailServiceImpl userDetailService;

    @Autowired
    JWTLogoutSuccessHandler jwtLogoutSuccessHandler;

    @Bean
    JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter() throws Exception {
        JwtAuthenticationFilter jwtAuthenticationFilter = new JwtAuthenticationFilter(authenticationManager());
        return jwtAuthenticationFilter;
    }


    private static final String[] URL_WHITELIST = {
      "/login",
      "/logout",
      "/captcha",
      "/favicon.ico"
    };

    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder PasswordEncoder() {
        return new PasswordEncoder();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.cors().and().csrf().disable()
                // 登录配置
                .formLogin()
                .successHandler(loginSuccessHandler)
                .failureHandler(loginFailureHandler)

                .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutSuccessHandler(jwtLogoutSuccessHandler)

                // 禁用session
                .and()
                .sessionManagement()
                .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS)
                // 配置拦截规则
                .and()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(URL_WHITELIST).permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                // 异常处理器
                .and()
                .exceptionHandling()
                .authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint)
                .accessDeniedHandler(jwtAccessDeniedHandler)

                // 配置自定义的过滤器
                .and()
                .addFilter(jwtAuthenticationFilter())
                // 验证码过滤器放在UsernamePassword过滤器之前
                .addFilterBefore(captchaFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class)
                ;
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(userDetailService);
    }
}
自定义权限校验注解

Spring Security提供了Spring EL表达式,允许我们在定义接口访问的方法上面添加注解,来控制访问权限。

@PreAuthorize 注解用于配置接口要求用户拥有某些权限才可访问
方法参数描述
hasPermiString验证用户是否具备某权限
lacksPermiString验证用户是否不具备某权限,与 hasPermi逻辑相反
hasAnyPermiString验证用户是否具有以下任意一个权限
hasRoleString判断用户是否拥有某个角色
lacksRoleString验证用户是否不具备某角色,与 isRole逻辑相反
hasAnyRolesString验证用户是否具有以下任意一个角色,多个逗号分隔

使用 @ss 代表 PermissionService(许可服务) 类,对每个接口拦截并调用PermissionService的对应方法判断接口调用者的权限。

package com.example.framework.web.service;

import java.util.Set;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import org.springframework.util.CollectionUtils;
import com.example.common.core.domain.entity.SysRole;
import com.example.common.core.domain.model.LoginUser;
import com.example.common.utils.SecurityUtils;
import com.example.common.utils.StringUtils;
import com.example.framework.security.context.PermissionContextHolder;

/**
 * 自定义权限实现,ss => SpringSecurity首字母
 * 超级管理员拥有所有权限,不受权限约束。
 */
@Service("ss")
public class PermissionService
{
    /** 所有权限标识 */
    private static final String ALL_PERMISSION = "*:*:*";

    /** 管理员角色权限标识 */
    private static final String SUPER_ADMIN = "admin";

    private static final String ROLE_DELIMETER = ",";

    private static final String PERMISSION_DELIMETER = ",";

    /**
     * 验证用户是否具备某权限
     * 
     * @param permission 权限字符串
     * @return 用户是否具备某权限
     */
    public boolean hasPermi(String permission)
    {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(permission))
        {
            return false;
        }
        LoginUser loginUser = SecurityUtils.getLoginUser();
        if (StringUtils.isNull(loginUser) || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loginUser.getPermissions()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        PermissionContextHolder.setContext(permission);
        return hasPermissions(loginUser.getPermissions(), permission);
    }

    /**
     * 验证用户是否不具备某权限,与 hasPermi逻辑相反
     *
     * @param permission 权限字符串
     * @return 用户是否不具备某权限
     */
    public boolean lacksPermi(String permission)
    {
        return hasPermi(permission) != true;
    }

    /**
     * 验证用户是否具有以下任意一个权限
     *
     * @param permissions 以 PERMISSION_NAMES_DELIMETER 为分隔符的权限列表
     * @return 用户是否具有以下任意一个权限
     */
    public boolean hasAnyPermi(String permissions)
    {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(permissions))
        {
            return false;
        }
        LoginUser loginUser = SecurityUtils.getLoginUser();
        if (StringUtils.isNull(loginUser) || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loginUser.getPermissions()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        PermissionContextHolder.setContext(permissions);
        Set<String> authorities = loginUser.getPermissions();
        for (String permission : permissions.split(PERMISSION_DELIMETER))
        {
            if (permission != null && hasPermissions(authorities, permission))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 判断用户是否拥有某个角色
     * 
     * @param role 角色字符串
     * @return 用户是否具备某角色
     */
    public boolean hasRole(String role)
    {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(role))
        {
            return false;
        }
        LoginUser loginUser = SecurityUtils.getLoginUser();
        if (StringUtils.isNull(loginUser) || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loginUser.getUser().getRoles()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        for (SysRole sysRole : loginUser.getUser().getRoles())
        {
            String roleKey = sysRole.getRoleKey();
            if (SUPER_ADMIN.equals(roleKey) || roleKey.equals(StringUtils.trim(role)))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 验证用户是否不具备某角色,与 isRole逻辑相反。
     *
     * @param role 角色名称
     * @return 用户是否不具备某角色
     */
    public boolean lacksRole(String role)
    {
        return hasRole(role) != true;
    }

    /**
     * 验证用户是否具有以下任意一个角色
     *
     * @param roles 以 ROLE_NAMES_DELIMETER 为分隔符的角色列表
     * @return 用户是否具有以下任意一个角色
     */
    public boolean hasAnyRoles(String roles)
    {
        if (StringUtils.isEmpty(roles))
        {
            return false;
        }
        LoginUser loginUser = SecurityUtils.getLoginUser();
        if (StringUtils.isNull(loginUser) || CollectionUtils.isEmpty(loginUser.getUser().getRoles()))
        {
            return false;
        }
        for (String role : roles.split(ROLE_DELIMETER))
        {
            if (hasRole(role))
            {
                return true;
            }
        }
        return false;
    }

    /**
     * 判断是否包含权限
     * 
     * @param permissions 权限列表
     * @param permission 权限字符串
     * @return 用户是否具备某权限
     */
    private boolean hasPermissions(Set<String> permissions, String permission)
    {
        return permissions.contains(ALL_PERMISSION) || permissions.contains(StringUtils.trim(permission));
    }
}
数据权限示例
// 符合system:user:list权限要求
@PreAuthorize("@ss.hasPermi('system:user:list')")

// 不符合system:user:list权限要求
@PreAuthorize("@ss.lacksPermi('system:user:list')")

// 符合system:user:add或system:user:edit权限要求即可
@PreAuthorize("@ss.hasAnyPermi('system:user:add,system:user:edit')")
角色权限示例
// 属于user角色
@PreAuthorize("@ss.hasRole('user')")

// 不属于user角色
@PreAuthorize("@ss.lacksRole('user')")

// 属于user或者admin之一
@PreAuthorize("@ss.hasAnyRoles('user,admin')")
公开接口(不需要验证权限可以公开访问的)

使用注解方式,只需要在Controller的类或方法上加入@Anonymous该注解即可

// @PreAuthorize("@ss.xxxx('....')") 注释或删除掉原有的权限注解
@Anonymous
@GetMapping("/list")
public List<SysXxxx> list(SysXxxx xxxx)
{
    return xxxxList;
}

前端

前端需要做两件事,一是登录成功后把JWT存到localStore里面,二是在每次请求之前,都在请求头中添加JWT
我们在store文件夹里创建index.js,将JWT定义为token,以及定义SET_TOKEN方法

Vue.use(Vuex)

export default new Vuex.Store({
  state: {
    token: ''
  },
  mutations: {
    SET_TOKEN: (state, token) => {
      state.token = token
      localStorage.setItem("token", token)
    },


  },
  actions: {
  },
  modules: {
    
  }
})

在登录成功时,接收后端传来的JWT并保存

const jwt = res.headers['authorization']
this.$store.commit('SET_TOKEN', jwt)

在src文件夹下创建axios.js,进行axios配置,配置前置拦截器,为所有需要权限的请求装配上header的token信息

const request = axios.create({
    timeout: 5000,
    headers: {
        'Content-Type': "application/json; charset=utf-8"
    }
})

// 前置拦截,为所有需要权限的请求装配上header的token信息
request.interceptors.request.use(config => {
    config.headers['Authorization'] = localStorage.getItem("token")
    return config
})
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Spring Boot SecuritySpring框架中的一个模块,用于提供身份验证和授权功能,以确保应用程序的安全性。通过引入Spring Security的依赖,可以轻松地为Spring Boot应用程序添加安全性。 在你提供的代码中,可以看到引入了Spring Boot Security的依赖项,并且应用程序的主类上使用了@SpringBootApplication注解,这表明该应用程序使用了Spring Boot框架并启用了Spring Security123 #### 引用[.reference_title] - *1* [Spring boot Security Jwt](https://blog.csdn.net/hesqlplus730/article/details/125025354)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v92^chatsearchT3_1"}} ] [.reference_item] - *2* [SpringBoot+SpringSecurity+JWT整合](https://blog.csdn.net/seeyouagain_/article/details/128549455)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v92^chatsearchT3_1"}} ] [.reference_item] - *3* [Springboot+Security+Jwt](https://blog.csdn.net/liqingwei168/article/details/121909002)[target="_blank" data-report-click={"spm":"1018.2226.3001.9630","extra":{"utm_source":"vip_chatgpt_common_search_pc_result","utm_medium":"distribute.pc_search_result.none-task-cask-2~all~insert_cask~default-1-null.142^v92^chatsearchT3_1"}} ] [.reference_item] [ .reference_list ]

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