MFC入门级程序

#include <windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>

/*
#define CALLBACK    __stdcall
#define WINAPI      __stdcall
#define WINAPIV     __cdecl
#define APIENTRY    WINAPI
#define APIPRIVATE  __stdcall
#define PASCAL      __stdcall
其中VC++默认调用的是__cdecl的C调用模式，而PASCAL默认调用的是__stdcall
*/
LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc(
  HWND hwnd,      // handle to window
  UINT uMsg,      // message identifier
  WPARAM wParam,  // first message parameter
  LPARAM lParam   // second message parameter
);

int WINAPI WinMain(
  HINSTANCE hInstance,      // handle to current instance
  HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,  // handle to previous instance
  LPSTR lpCmdLine,          // command line
  int nCmdShow              // show state
)
{
 /*结构体
 typedef struct _WNDCLASS { 
    UINT    style;    //类类型
    WNDPROC lpfnWndProc;  //指定回调函数
    int     cbClsExtra;   //类的额外附加内存
    int     cbWndExtra;   //窗口的额外附加内存
    HANDLE  hInstance;   //当前应用程序实例号
    HICON   hIcon;    //窗口图标,loadIcon
    HCURSOR hCursor;   //窗口光标,loadCursor
    HBRUSH  hbrBackground;  //获取画刷，GetStockObject
    LPCTSTR lpszMenuName;  //long point,32位指针，指向菜单名称
    LPCTSTR lpszClassName;  //long point,32位指针，指向窗口名称
 } WNDCLASS; 
 */

 ///设计窗口类
 WNDCLASS wndcls;  
 wndcls.cbClsExtra=0; 
 wndcls.cbWndExtra=0;
 wndcls.hbrBackground=(HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH); //数据类型的强制转换,HGDIOBJ->HBRUSH
 wndcls.hCursor=LoadCursor(NULL,IDC_CROSS);
 wndcls.hIcon=LoadIcon(NULL,IDI_APPLICATION);
 wndcls.hInstance=hInstance;
 wndcls.lpfnWndProc=WinSunProc; //将回调函数指针传给lpfnWndProc
 wndcls.lpszClassName="Weixin2003";
 wndcls.lpszMenuName=NULL;
 wndcls.style=CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
 //注册窗口类
 RegisterClass(&wndcls);

 //创建窗口
 /*创建函数
 HWND CreateWindow(
   LPCTSTR lpClassName,  // pointer to registered class name:  wndcls.lpszClassName
   LPCTSTR lpWindowName, // pointer to window name
   DWORD dwStyle,        // window style: WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW 叠加类型 WS_POPUPWINDOW
   int x,                // horizontal position of window
   int y,                // vertical position of window
   int nWidth,           // window width
   int nHeight,          // window height
   HWND hWndParent,      // handle to parent or owner window 父窗口的句柄
   HMENU hMenu,          // handle to menu or child-window identifier
   HANDLE hInstance,     // handle to application instance
   LPVOID lpParam        // pointer to window-creation data ，作为WM_CREATE的参数
 );
 */ 
 HWND hwnd;
 hwnd=CreateWindow("Weixin2003","标题",WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW /*&~ WS_MAXIMIZEBOX*/,
  200,200,600,400,NULL,NULL,hInstance,NULL);

 //显示，更新
 ShowWindow(hwnd,SW_SHOWMINIMIZED);
 UpdateWindow(hwnd);

 //消息循环
 /*
 BOOL GetMessage(
  LPMSG lpMsg,         // address of structure with message ，消息结构体的指针
  HWND hWnd,           // handle of window
  UINT wMsgFilterMin,  // first message
  UINT wMsgFilterMax   // last message 若wMsgFilterMin，wMsgFilterMax均为0，则不过滤消息
 );
 */
 MSG msg; 
 while(GetMessage(&msg,NULL,0,0)) //If the function retrieves a message other than WM_QUIT, the return value is nonzero.即当应用程序发送WM_QUIT时，消息循环结束
 {
  TranslateMessage(&msg); //对消息对进行转换，产生新的消息 eg: WM_KEYDOWN/KEYUP转化为WM_CHAR
  DispatchMessage(&msg); //将msg传给system,system将调用回调函数
 }
 return 0;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WinSunProc( //对不同的消息进行不同的响应
  HWND hwnd,      // handle to window
  UINT uMsg,      // message identifier
  WPARAM wParam,  // first message parameter
  LPARAM lParam   // second message parameter
)
{
 switch(uMsg)
 {
 case WM_CHAR: //打印按下字母的ASSCII码值
  char szChar[20];
  sprintf(szChar,"char is %d",wParam);
  /*
  int MessageBox(
    HWND hWnd,          // handle of owner window
    LPCTSTR lpText,     // address of text in message box
    LPCTSTR lpCaption,  // address of title of message box
    UINT uType          // style of message box
  );
  */
  MessageBox(hwnd,szChar,"weixin",0);
  break;
 case WM_LBUTTONDOWN:
  MessageBox(hwnd,"mouse clicked","weixin",0);
  
  HDC hdc; //device context的句柄
  hdc=GetDC(hwnd);
  /*
  BOOL TextOut(
    HDC hdc,           // handle to device context
    int nXStart,       // x-coordinate of starting position
    int nYStart,       // y-coordinate of starting position
    LPCTSTR lpString,  // pointer to string
    int cbString       // number of characters in string
  );

  */
  TextOut(hdc,0,50,"计算机编程语言培训",strlen("计算机编程语言培训"));
  ReleaseDC(hwnd,hdc); //释放内存，防止内存泄露
  break;
 case WM_PAINT:
  HDC hDC;
  PAINTSTRUCT ps;
  hDC=BeginPaint(hwnd,&ps);
  TextOut(hDC,0,0,"维新培训",strlen("维新培训"));
  EndPaint(hwnd,&ps); //结束绘制
  break;
 case WM_CLOSE:
  if(IDYES==MessageBox(hwnd,"是否真的结束？","weixin",MB_YESNO)) //常量卸载前面，如果非法赋值时会编译报错
  {
   DestroyWindow(hwnd); //销毁窗口，发送WM_DESTROY消息
  }
  break;
 case WM_DESTROY:
  //The PostQuitMessage function indicates to the system that a thread has made a request to terminate (quit). It is typically used in response to a WM_DESTROY message.
  PostQuitMessage(0); 
  break;
 default:
  return DefWindowProc(hwnd,uMsg,wParam,lParam); //对不感兴趣的信号，让系统对其缺省处理
 }
 return 0;
}