现在,大家使用最多的网络框架基本上就是AFNetworking,ASIHttpRequest,MKNetWorkKit等。
ASIHttpRequest功能很强大,早期的项目使用的较多,只是后续不再更新维护了,因此已成为过去时。
而AFNetworking采用了block模式,代码的紧凑性和可读性得到了大幅度的提升,现在手头上的几个项目就使用了这个框架。该框架不提交接口数据缓存功能,可以通过NSURLCache来缓存接口数据。根据自己的验证,NSURLCache仅可缓存请求方式GET的接口数据,POST无法缓存,不过可以自己扩展,将返回的responseObject通过比如归档的方法进行本地持久化。
而MKNetWorkKit下载了源码和demo,然后把源码的整体思路理通了。由于还没在项目中使用,仅将找到的一些资料整理出来,以便后期进行验证。
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在苹果开发中,我们可以使用苹果提供的NSURLConnection和NSURLRequest网络请求API来解决大部分的WebService请求,但使用起来不是很简洁方便,因此正面介绍一个第三方提供的网络框架MKNetworkKit。
1、什么是MKNetworkKit?
MKNetworkKit 是一个使用十分方便,功能又十分强大、完整的iOS网络编程代码库,完全基于 ARC。它只有两个类, 它的目标是使用像AFNetworking这么简单,而功能像ASIHTTPRequest(已经停止维护)那么强大。
2、MKNetworkKit有哪些优点?
1、高度的轻量级,仅仅只有2个主类;
2、自主操作多个网络请求;
3、更加准确的显示网络活动指标;
4、自动设置网络速度,实现自动的2G、3G、wifi切换;
5、自动缓冲技术的完美应用,实现网络操作记忆功能,当你掉线了又上线后,会继续执行未完成的网络请求;
6、可以实现网络请求的暂停功能;
7、准确无误的成功执行一次网络请求,摒弃后台的多次请求浪费;
8、支持图片缓冲;
9、支持ARC机制;
10、在整个app中可以只用一个队列(queue),队列的大小可以自动调整。
3、如何配置MKNetworkKit?
1、从https://github.com/MugunthKumar/MKNetworkKit下载MKNetworkKit;
2、将下载包中的 MKNetWorkKit 文件夹拖到你新建的工程中;
3、在项目设置中添加:SystemConfiguration.framework,CFNetwork.framework,Security.framework和ImageIO.framework,如下所示。
4、如何进行网络请求
MKNetworkKit中主要有两个类:MKNetworkOperation和MKNetworkEngine。MKNetworkOperation是NSOperation的子类并且封装了请求相应类,我们需要为每一个网络请求创建一个MKNetworkOperation。MKNetworkEngine负责管理网络队列,对于简单的请求,我们应该直接使用MKNetworkEngine的方法,对于复杂的需求,我们可以子类化MKNetworkEngine。下面就介绍基本的网络实现,其中包括GET请求和POST请求:
http方式:
GET请求:
- MKNetworkEngine *engine = [[MKNetworkEngine alloc] initWithHostName:@"192.168.2.176:3000" customHeaderFields:nil];
- MKNetworkOperation *op = [engine operationWithPath:@"/index" params:nil httpMethod:@"GET" ssl:NO];
- [op addCompletionHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *operation) {
- NSLog(@"[operation responseData]-->>%@", [operation responseString]);
- }errorHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *errorOp, NSError* err) {
- NSLog(@"MKNetwork request error : %@", [err localizedDescription]);
- }];
- [engine enqueueOperation:op];
- MKNetworkEngine *engine = [[MKNetworkEngine alloc] initWithHostName:@"192.168.2.176:3000" customHeaderFields:nil];
- NSMutableDictionary *dic = [[NSMutableDictionary alloc] init];
- [dic setValue:@"admin" forKey:@"username"];
- [dic setValue:@"123" forKey:@"password"];
- MKNetworkOperation *op = [engine operationWithPath:@"/login" params:dic httpMethod:@"POST"];
- [op addCompletionHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *operation) {
- NSLog(@"[operation responseData]-->>%@", [operation responseString]);
- }errorHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *errorOp, NSError* err) {
- NSLog(@"MKNetwork request error : %@", [err localizedDescription]);
- }];
- [engine enqueueOperation:op];
https方式:
- #define serverHost @"192.168.1.84:5558"
- - (NSDictionary *)getDataFromURL:(NSString *)Path params:(NSDictionary *)data
- {
- NSLog(@"MKNetwork request URL: %@%@ \n Data: %@",serverHost,Path,data);
- __block NSDictionary *responseJSON;
- __block NSError *error = nil;
- MKNetworkEngine *engine = [[MKNetworkEngine alloc] initWithHostName:serverHost customHeaderFields:nil];
- MKNetworkOperation *op = [engine operationWithPath:Path params:data httpMethod:@"POST" ssl:YES];
- // 在请求中添加证书
- op.clientCertificate = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"client.p12"];
- op.clientCertificatePassword = @"test";
- // 当服务器端证书不合法时是否继续访问
- op.shouldContinueWithInvalidCertificate=YES;
- [op addCompletionHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *operation) {
- NSLog(@"[operation responseData]-->>%@", [operation responseString]);
- responseJSON=[NSJSONSerialization JSONObjectWithData:[operation responseData] options:kNilOptions error:&error];
- if(error) {
- NSLog(@"JSONSerialization failed! - error: %@", error);
- };
- error=nil;
- } errorHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *errorOp, NSError* err) {
- error=err;
- }];
- [engine enqueueOperation:op];
- while(!error&&!responseJSON){}
- if (error) {
- NSLog(@"MKNetwork request error : %@", error);
- return nil;
- }
- if(responseJSON){
- NSLog(@"JSONSerialization successed! - responseJSON: %@", responseJSON);
- }
- return responseJSON;
- }
- NSDictionary *params=[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:@"admin",@"userName", @"123",@"password", nil];
- NSDictionary *responseDict = [self getDataFromURL:@"/login" params:params];
下载文件:
- +(MKNetworkOperation*) downloadFatAssFileFrom:(NSString*) remoteURL toFile:(NSString*) filePath {
- MKNetworkEngine *engine = [[MKNetworkEngine alloc] initWithHostName:@"127.0.0.1:5558" customHeaderFields:nil];
- MKNetworkOperation *op = [engine operationWithURLString:remoteURL
- params:nil
- httpMethod:@"GET"];
- [op addDownloadStream:[NSOutputStream outputStreamToFileAtPath:filePath
- append:YES]];
- [engine enqueueOperation:op];
- return op;
- }
- +(void)testDownload{
- NSArray *paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
- NSString *cachesDirectory = [paths objectAtIndex:0];
- NSString *downloadPath = [cachesDirectory stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"DownloadedFile.pdf"];
- MKNetworkOperation *downloadOperation=[HttpManager downloadFatAssFileFrom:@"http://127.0.0.1:5558/QQ"
- toFile:downloadPath];
- [downloadOperation onDownloadProgressChanged:^(double progress) {
- //下载进度
- NSLog(@"download progress: %.2f", progress*100.0);
- }];
- //事件处理
- [downloadOperation addCompletionHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation* completedRequest) {
- NSLog(@"download file finished!");
- } errorHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *errorOp, NSError* err) {
- NSLog(@"download file error: %@", err);
- }];
- }
上传文件:
- +(MKNetworkOperation*) uploadImageFromFile:(NSString*) filePath mimeType:(NSString *)fileType{
- MKNetworkEngine *engine = [[MKNetworkEngine alloc] initWithHostName:@"127.0.0.1:5558" customHeaderFields:nil];
- MKNetworkOperation *op = [engine operationWithPath:@"upload"
- params:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
- @"admin", @"username",
- @"123", @"password",nil]
- httpMethod:@"POST"];
- [op addFile:filePath forKey:@"media" mimeType:fileType];
- // setFreezable uploads your images after connection is restored!
- [op setFreezable:YES];
- [op addCompletionHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation* completedOperation) {
- NSString *responseString = [completedOperation responseString];
- NSLog(@"server response: %@",responseString);
- } errorHandler:^(MKNetworkOperation *errorOp, NSError* err){
- NSLog(@"Upload file error: %@", err);
- }];
- [engine enqueueOperation:op];
- return op;
- }
- +(void)testUpload{
- NSString *uploadPath = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath] stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"SampleImage.jpg"];
- // NSData *myData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfFile:uploadPath];
- // NSLog(@">>>>>>>>%@",myData);
- MKNetworkOperation *uploadOperation = [HttpManager uploadImageFromFile:uploadPath mimeType:@"jpg"];
- [uploadOperation onUploadProgressChanged:^(double progress) {
- // 上传进度
- DLog(@"Upload file progress: %.2f", progress*100.0);
- }];
- }
上传文件时服务器端程序(Node.Js):
- var express = require('express')
- ,fs=require('fs');
- var app = module.exports = express.createServer();
- // Configuration
- app.configure(function(){
- app.use(express.bodyParser());
- app.use(express.methodOverride());
- app.use(app.router);
- });
- // Routes
- app.post('/upload', function(req, res) {
- console.log(req);
- var tmp_path = req.files.media.path; // 获得文件的临时路径
- var target_path = './'+req.files.media.name;// 指定文件上传后的目录
- fs.rename(tmp_path, target_path, function(err) { // 移动文件
- if (err) throw err;
- fs.unlink(tmp_path, function() {// 删除临时文件夹文件,
- if (err) throw err;
- res.send({server:'success'});
- res.end();
- });
- });
- });
- app.listen(5558);
- console.log("Express server listening on port %d in %s mode", app.address().port, app.settings.env);