Python 有约束的粒子群算法（PSO）的可视化动画

有（非线性）约束的粒子群算法，红色圆圈是约束

有约束的PSO（粒子群算法）

代码如下（参见 github）：

import numpy as np
from sko.PSO import PSO


def demo_func(x):
    x1, x2 = x
    return -20 * np.exp(-0.2 * np.sqrt(0.5 * (x1 ** 2 + x2 ** 2))) - np.exp(
        0.5 * (np.cos(2 * np.pi * x1) + np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2))) + 20 + np.e


constraint_ueq = (
    lambda x: (x[0] - 1) ** 2 + (x[1] - 0) ** 2 - 0.5 ** 2
    ,
)

max_iter = 100
pso = PSO(func=demo_func, n_dim=2, pop=40, max_iter=max_iter, lb=[-2, -2], ub=[2, 2]
          , constraint_ueq=constraint_ueq)
pso.record_mode = True
pso.run()
print('best_x is ', pso.gbest_x, 'best_y is', pso.gbest_y)
# %%
pso.check_constraint(pso.gbest_x)

# %%
demo_func([0.5, -0.5])
# %% Now Plot the animation
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation

record_value = pso.record_value
X_list, V_list = record_value['X'], record_value['V']

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
ax.set_title('title', loc='center')
line = ax.plot([], [], 'b.')

X_grid, Y_grid = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(-2.0, 2.0, 40), np.linspace(-2.0, 2.0, 40))
Z_grid = demo_func((X_grid, Y_grid))
ax.contour(X_grid, Y_grid, Z_grid, 30)

ax.set_xlim(-2, 2)
ax.set_ylim(-2, 2)

t = np.linspace(0, 2 * np.pi, 40)
ax.plot(0.5 * np.cos(t) + 1, 0.5 * np.sin(t), color='r')

plt.ion()
p = plt.show()


def update_scatter(frame):
    i, j = frame // 10, frame % 10
    ax.set_title('iter = ' + str(i))
    X_tmp = X_list[i] + V_list[i] * j / 10.0
    plt.setp(line, 'xdata', X_tmp[:, 0], 'ydata', X_tmp[:, 1])
    return line


ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update_scatter, blit=True, interval=25, frames=max_iter * 10)

ani.save('pso2.mp4')

 

无约束的粒子群算法

 

PSO（粒子群算法）可视化动画

 

 

 

import numpy as np
from sko.PSO import PSO


def demo_func(x):
    x1, x2 = x
    return -20 * np.exp(-0.2 * np.sqrt(0.5 * (x1 ** 2 + x2 ** 2))) - np.exp(
        0.5 * (np.cos(2 * np.pi * x1) + np.cos(2 * np.pi * x2))) + 20 + np.e


max_iter = 100
pso = PSO(func=demo_func, n_dim=2, pop=40, max_iter=max_iter, lb=[-2, -2], ub=[2, 2])
pso.record_mode = True
pso.run()
print('best_x is ', pso.gbest_x, 'best_y is', pso.gbest_y)
# %%
pso.check_constraint(pso.gbest_x)

# %%
demo_func([0.5, -0.5])
# %% Now Plot the animation
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation

record_value = pso.record_value
X_list, V_list = record_value['X'], record_value['V']

fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1)
ax.set_title('title', loc='center')
line = ax.plot([], [], 'b.')

X_grid, Y_grid = np.meshgrid(np.linspace(-2.0, 2.0, 40), np.linspace(-2.0, 2.0, 40))
Z_grid = demo_func((X_grid, Y_grid))
ax.contour(X_grid, Y_grid, Z_grid, 30)

ax.set_xlim(-2, 2)
ax.set_ylim(-2, 2)

plt.ion()
p = plt.show()


def update_scatter(frame):
    i, j = frame // 10, frame % 10
    ax.set_title('iter = ' + str(i))
    X_tmp = X_list[i] + V_list[i] * j / 10.0
    plt.setp(line, 'xdata', X_tmp[:, 0], 'ydata', X_tmp[:, 1])
    return line


ani = FuncAnimation(fig, update_scatter, blit=True, interval=25, frames=max_iter * 10)

ani.save('pso.mp4')