redis pub/sub 使用redis完成发布订阅

一、需要3.0以上版本的redis

二、redis-cli实现发布订阅

1. 先开启一个redis-cli（S1），并监听着china这个channel

subcribe china

此时A1处于监听状态

2. 然后再开启一个redis-cli(P1)，并向china这个channel发布helloWorld消息

publish china helloWorld

这是我们会发现A1监听到了这个helloWorld消息

同样，我们开启多个监听窗口，这时我们会发现，他们都可以收到这个helloWorld消息，这和MQ中间件中的发布订阅相同，只有在发布的时刻监听的监听者可以消费到这条消息。

三、Jedis实现发布订阅

<dependency>
    <groupId>redis.clients</groupId>
    <artifactId>jedis</artifactId>
    <version>2.8.0</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
    <version>1.2.17</version>
</dependency>

Jedis中的JedisPubSub抽象类提供了订阅和取消的功能。想处理订阅和取消订阅某些channel的相关事件，我们得扩展JedisPubSub类并实现相关的方法：

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPubSub;

public class Subscriber extends JedisPubSub {//注意这里继承了抽象类JedisPubSub

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Subscriber.class);

    @Override
    public void onMessage(String channel, String message) {
    	LOGGER.info(String.format("Message. Channel: %s, Msg: %s", channel, message));
    }

    @Override
    public void onPMessage(String pattern, String channel, String message) {
    	LOGGER.info(String.format("PMessage. Pattern: %s, Channel: %s, Msg: %s", 
    	    pattern, channel, message));
    }

    @Override
    public void onSubscribe(String channel, int subscribedChannels) {
    	LOGGER.info("onSubscribe");
    }

    @Override
    public void onUnsubscribe(String channel, int subscribedChannels) {
    	LOGGER.info("onUnsubscribe");
    }

    @Override
    public void onPUnsubscribe(String pattern, int subscribedChannels) {
    	LOGGER.info("onPUnsubscribe");
    }

    @Override
    public void onPSubscribe(String pattern, int subscribedChannels) {
    	LOGGER.info("onPSubscribe");
    }
}

有了订阅者，我们还需要一个发布者：

import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;

public class Publisher {

    private static final Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Publisher.class);
    private final Jedis publisherJedis;
    private final String channel;

    public Publisher(Jedis publisherJedis, String channel) {
        this.publisherJedis = publisherJedis;
        this.channel = channel;
    }

    /**
     * 不停的读取输入，然后发布到channel上面，遇到quit则停止发布。
     */
    public void startPublish() {
    	LOGGER.info("Type your message (quit for terminate)");
        try {
            BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            while (true) {
                String line = reader.readLine();
                if (!"quit".equals(line)) {
                    publisherJedis.publish(channel, line);
                } else {
                    break;
                }
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            LOGGER.error("IO failure while reading input", e);
        }
    }
}

为简单起见，这个发布者接收控制台的输入，然后将输入的消息发布到指定的channel上面，如果输入quit，则停止发布消息。

接下来是主函数：

import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import redis.clients.jedis.Jedis;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPool;
import redis.clients.jedis.JedisPoolConfig;

public class Program {
    
    public static final String CHANNEL_NAME = "MyChannel";
    //我这里的Redis是一个集群，192.168.56.101和192.168.56.102都可以使用
    public static final String REDIS_HOST = "192.168.56.101";
    public static final int REDIS_PORT = 7000;
    
    private final static Logger LOGGER = Logger.getLogger(Program.class);
    private final static JedisPoolConfig POOL_CONFIG = new JedisPoolConfig();
    private final static JedisPool JEDIS_POOL = 
            new JedisPool(POOL_CONFIG, REDIS_HOST, REDIS_PORT, 0);
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        final Jedis subscriberJedis = JEDIS_POOL.getResource();
        final Jedis publisherJedis = JEDIS_POOL.getResource();
        final Subscriber subscriber = new Subscriber();
        //订阅线程：接收消息
        new Thread(new Runnable() {
            public void run() {
                try {
                    LOGGER.info("Subscribing to \"MyChannel\". This thread will be blocked.");
                    //使用subscriber订阅CHANNEL_NAME上的消息，这一句之后，线程进入订阅模式，阻塞。
                    subscriberJedis.subscribe(subscriber, CHANNEL_NAME);
                    
                    //当unsubscribe()方法被调用时，才执行以下代码
                    LOGGER.info("Subscription ended.");
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    LOGGER.error("Subscribing failed.", e);
                }
            }
        }).start();
        
        //主线程：发布消息到CHANNEL_NAME频道上
        new Publisher(publisherJedis, CHANNEL_NAME).startPublish();
        publisherJedis.close();
        
        //Unsubscribe
        subscriber.unsubscribe();
        subscriberJedis.close();
    }
}

打印出来的结果：