Docker compose笔记

docker compose 主要是应用在开发场景下，方便使用,是本地开发工具，能在本机上部署

1. 使用单个容器部署wordpress

1. 创建MySQL容器
    1. sudo docker run -d --name mysql -v mysql_data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=root -e MYSQL_DATABASE=wordpress mysql:5.7
2. 创建WordPress容器
    1. sudo docker run -d -e WORDPRESS_DB_HOST=mysql:3306 --link mysql -p 8080:80 wordpress

2. docker compose语法

2.1 Service

• 一个service代表一个container, 这个container可以从dockerhub的image来创建，或者从本地的Dockerfile build 出来的image来创建
• Service 的启动类似docker run , 我们可以给其指定 network 和 volume， 所以可以给service指定network 和 Volume 的引用

2.1.1 选用docker hub image

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2.1.2 选用本地Dockerfile

2.2 Volumes

2.3 Network

2.4 docker compose 例子 部署worldpress

version: '3'

services:

  wordpress:
    image: wordpress
    ports:
      - 8080:80
    environment:
      WORDPRESS_DB_HOST: mysql
      WORDPRESS_DB_PASSWORD: root
    networks:
      - my-bridge

  mysql:
    image: mysql
    environment:
      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: root
      MYSQL_DATABASE: wordpress
    volumes:
      - mysql-data:/var/lib/mysql
    networks:
      - my-bridge

volumes:
  mysql-data:

networks:
  my-bridge:
    driver: bridge

2.5 docker compose 例子 部署flask web + redis

1. app.py

   from flask import Flask
   from redis import Redis
   import os
   import socket
   
   app = Flask(__name__)
   redis = Redis(host=os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), port=6379)
   
   
   @app.route('/')
   def hello():
       redis.incr('hits')
       return 'Hello Container World! I have been seen %s times and my hostname is %s.\n' % (redis.get('hits'),socket.gethostname())
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
       app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5000, debug=True)
   

2. Dockerfile

   FROM python:2.7
   LABEL maintaner="Peng Xiao xiaoquwl@gmail.com"
   COPY . /app
   WORKDIR /app
   RUN pip install flask redis
   EXPOSE 5000
   CMD [ "python", "app.py" ]	
   

3. docker-compose.yaml

   version: "3"
   			
   services:
   
     redis:
       image: redis
   
     web:
       build:
         context: .
         dockerfile: Dockerfile
       ports:
         - 8080:5000
       environment:
         REDIS_HOST: redis	
   

2.6 水平扩展和负载均衡

1. docker-compose scale 命令   # set number of container for a service
    up [options] [--scale SERVICE=NUM...] [SERVICE...]
    1. docker-compose up --scale web=3 -d   # 同时开启3个web container
2. HAProxy + scale 负载均衡的部署服务
    1. 先执行docker-compose.yml 启动服务， 再启动多个APP，实验环境chapter6/lb-scale
        1. docker-compose up -d 
        2. docker-compose up --scale web=3 -d    # 可以通过scale增加、减少web容器的数量

例子：

1. app.py

   from flask import Flask
   from redis import Redis
   import os
   import socket
   
   app = Flask(__name__)
   redis = Redis(host=os.environ.get('REDIS_HOST', '127.0.0.1'), port=6379)
   
   
   @app.route('/')
   def hello():
       redis.incr('hits')
       return 'Hello Container World! I have been seen %s times and my hostname is %s.\n' % (redis.get('hits'),socket.gethostname())
   
   
   if __name__ == "__main__":
       app.run(host="0.0.0.0", port=5000, debug=True)
   

2. Dockerfile

   FROM python:2.7
   LABEL maintaner="Peng Xiao xiaoquwl@gmail.com"
   COPY . /app
   WORKDIR /app
   RUN pip install flask redis
   EXPOSE 80
   CMD [ "python", "app.py" ]
   

3. docker-compose.yaml

   
   version: "3"
   
   services:
   
     redis:
       image: redis
   
     web:
       build:
         context: .
         dockerfile: Dockerfile
       environment:
         REDIS_HOST: redis
   
     lb:
       image: dockercloud/haproxy
       links:
         - web
       ports:
         - 8080:80
       volumes:
         - /var/run/docker.sock:/var/run/docker.sock 
   

3. docker compose 命令

3.1 安装 docker compose : https://docs.docker.com/compose/install/

Centos 操作如下

1. sudo curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.23.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
2. sudo chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

3.2 docker-compose 常用命令

1. docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d  # 启动yml文件中container
2. docker-compose ps    # container list
3. docker-compose stop  # stop services
4. docker-compose down  # stop services and remove
5. docker-compose start # start services
6. docker-compose images  # docker-compose 中的使用的 list images
7. docker-compose exec [options] [-e KEY=VAL...] SERVICE COMMAND [ARGS...]
    1. eg: docker-compose exec mysql bash
    2. eg: docker-compose exec wordpress bash
8. docker-compose build  
    1. 可以先将Dockerfile进行编译成image，再使用 docker-compose up 来启动，当然直接使用docker-compose up 也是可以的
    2. 当Dockerfile更改后也可以先docker-compose build，再docker-compose up 

4 部署一个较为复制的应用

docker-compose.yaml

version: "3"

services:
  voting-app:
    build: ./voting-app/.
    volumes:
     - ./voting-app:/app
    ports:
      - "5000:80"
    links:
      - redis
    networks:
      - front-tier
      - back-tier

  result-app:
    build: ./result-app/.
    volumes:
      - ./result-app:/app
    ports:
      - "5001:80"
    links:
      - db
    networks:
      - front-tier
      - back-tier

  worker:
    build: ./worker
    links:
      - db
      - redis
    networks:
      - back-tier

  redis:
    image: redis
    ports: ["6379"]
    networks:
      - back-tier

  db:
    image: postgres:9.4
    volumes:
      - "db-data:/var/lib/postgresql/data"
    networks:
      - back-tier

volumes:
  db-data:

networks:
  front-tier:
  back-tier:

代码见chapter6 -> example-voting-app