《C++ Primer》随附代码的使用方法

(Source: C++ Primer, Fifth Edition Visual Studio 2012 Code Distribution README )

Conditional Compilation

第5版包含C++11新特性的介绍，但VS 2012还不完全支持C++11，于是作者通过条件编译，规避了使用了C++11特性的代码不能在VS2012上顺利编译的问题。

示意代码：

#ifdef VARIABLE_NAME
code1 // this code will be compiled if VARIABLE_NAME has been defined
#else
code2 // this code will be compiled if VARIABLE_NAME has not been defined
#endif

The preprocessor variables that correspond to unimplemented features are defined in Version test.h . 

关于此问题，有专门文档说明，CompilerNotes.pdf

鉴于我用的是VS2017,基本不存在条件编译的问题。因此具体细节等学到条件编译（Section 6.5.3  ）的时候再回头看。

Building Executables

资源中随附了makefile方便使用nmake统一编译。

# Windows machines
> nmake # compiles all the programs
> nmake clean # removes all the object files and stackdumps
> nmake clobber # removes executable, object and stackdump files

基础知识：

makefiles 

how to run nmake in windows (thx to  Validus Oculus @ stackoverflow. )

1. add path of your visual studio common tools(i.e.C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Visual Studio\2017\Community\Common7\Tools) into the system path
   
2. open a command line and run vsdevcmd.bat (VS早前版本可能是vsvars32.bat) to open ”Visual Studio 2017 RC Developer Command Prompt v15.0.26206.0“
3. call nmake

或者在VS下，Tools->Visual Studio Command Prompt

MAKEFILES IN WINDOWS

An introduction to Makefiles for Visual Studio developers

nmake.exe

The Microsoft Program Maintenance Utility (NMAKE.EXE) is a command-line tool included with Visual Studio that builds projects based on commands that are contained in a description file.

补充：

Build on the command line

Walkthrough: Compiling a Native C++ Program on the Command Line

Input and Output

Each Chapter subdirectory contains a README.txt that explains the input, if any, expected by each executable file.

Sample Data Files

用数据文件代替手动输入

add_item < data\add_item 

(C++ Primer p22)

USINGFILEREDIRECTION
It can be tedious to repeatedly type these transactions as input to the programs you are testing. Most operating systems support file redirection, which lets us associate a named file with the standard input and the standard output:

$ addItems <infile >outfile

Assuming $ is the system prompt and our addition program has been compiled into an executable file named addItems.exe (or  ddItems on UNIX systems), this command will read transactions from a file named infile and write its output to a file named outfile in the current directory.

运行需要文件名参数的程序

# word_transform takes two files, samples are in the data directory
# this execution uses the file data\rules to transform the text in data\text
word_transform data\rules data\text 

Running the Programs

批处理可以统一执行文件夹中的所有程序

Each directory contains a simple shell script namedrunpgms.batthat runs the executables made in that directory.