RFC 1808 ——URL定义

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http://www.cnblogs.com/zhulin/archive/2011/04/06/2006865.html

http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc3986.txt

地址：http://www.w3.org/Addressing/rfc1808.txt

http://wiki.jabbercn.org/RFC3986#.E9.99.84.E5.BD.95A._.E4.B8.BAURI.E6.94.B6.E9.9B.86.E7.9A.84ABNF

RFC 1808           Relative Uniform Resource Locators          June 1995

格式：      <scheme>://<net_loc>/<path>;<params>?<query>#<fragment>

each of which, except <scheme>, may be absent from a particular URL.
   These components are defined as follows (a complete BNF is provided
   in Section 2.2):

      scheme ":"   ::= scheme name, as per Section 2.1 of RFC 1738 [2].

      "//" net_loc ::= network location and login information, as per
                       Section 3.1 of RFC 1738 [2].

      "/" path     ::= URL path, as per Section 3.1 of RFC 1738 [2].

      ";" params   ::= object parameters (e.g., ";type=a" as in
                       Section 3.2.2 of RFC 1738 [2]).

      "?" query    ::= query information, as per Section 3.3 of
                       RFC 1738 [2].

      "#" fragment ::= fragment identifier.
 The following are two example URIs and their component parts:

         foo://example.com:8042/over/there?name=ferret#nose
         \_/   \______________/\_________/ \_________/ \__/
          |           |            |            |        |
       scheme     authority       path        query   fragment
          |   _____________________|__
         / \ /                        \
         urn:example:animal:ferret:nose