Go语言自学系列 | golang包管理工具go module

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Go module简介

Go modules是golang 1.11新加的特性，用来管理模块中包的依赖关系。

Go mod使用方法

• 初始化模块

Go mod init <项目模块名称>

• 依赖关系处理，根据go.mod文件

Go mod tidy

• 将依赖包复制到项目的vendor目录

Go mod vendor

如果报被屏蔽（墙），可以使用这个命令，随后使用go build -mod=vendor编译

• 显示依赖关系

Go list -m all

• 显示详细依赖关系

Go list -m -json all

• 下载依赖

Go mod download [path@version]

[path@version]是非必写的

实例演示

打开终端，在pro02文件夹下输入go mode init http://duo360.com/pro02

PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02> go mod init duo360.com/pro02 
go: creating new go.mod: module duo360.com/pro02 
go: to add module requirements and sums: 
        go mod tidy 
 

编辑service/user_service.go

package service 
 
import "fmt" 
 
// code 
 
func TestUserService() { 
    fmt.Println("test user service...") 
} 
 

service目录执行go build

PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02> cd .\service\ 
PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\service> go build 
 

main.go中引入service这个包

package main 
 
import ( 
    "fmt" 
 
    "duo360.com/pro02/service" 
) 
 
func main() { 
    fmt.Println("hello world") 
 
    service.TestUserService() 
} 
 

运行结果

[Running] go run "d:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\main.go" 
hello world 
test user service... 
 

编辑customer_service.go

package service 
 
import "fmt" 
 
func TestCustomerService() { 
    fmt.Println("test customer service...") 
} 
 

编辑完后再编译一次，产生缓存

PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\service> go build  
 

此时main.go中就可以调用其新增的函数了

package main 
 
import ( 
    "fmt" 
 
    "duo360.com/pro02/service" 
) 
 
func main() { 
    fmt.Println("hello world") 
 
    service.TestUserService() 
    service.TestCustomerService() 
} 
 

运行结果

[Running] go run "d:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\tempCodeRunnerFile.go" 
hello world 
test user service... 
test customer service... 
 

导入远程包，执行 go get -u http://github.com/gin-gonic/gin 下载

PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\service> go get -u github.com/gin-gonic/gin 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go v1.2.7 
go: downloading github.com/ugorji/go/codec v1.2.7 
go: downloading golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220227234510-4e6760a101f9 
go: downloading golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220214200702-86341886e292 
go get: added github.com/gin-gonic/gin v1.7.7 
go get: added github.com/go-playground/validator/v10 v10.10.0 
go get: added github.com/golang/protobuf v1.5.2 
go get: added github.com/json-iterator/go v1.1.12 
go get: added github.com/mattn/go-isatty v0.0.14 
go get: added github.com/modern-go/concurrent v0.0.0-20180306012644-bacd9c7ef1dd 
go get: added github.com/ugorji/go v1.2.7 
go get: added golang.org/x/crypto v0.0.0-20220214200702-86341886e292 
go get: added golang.org/x/sys v0.0.0-20220227234510-4e6760a101f9 
go get: added golang.org/x/text v0.3.7 
go get: added google.golang.org/protobuf v1.27.1 
go get: added gopkg.in/yaml.v2 v2.4.0 
 

修改main.go

package main 
 
import ( 
    "github.com/gin-gonic/gin" 
) 
 
func main() { 
    /* fmt.Println("hello world") 
 
    service.TestUserService() 
    service.TestCustomerService() */ 
    r := gin.Default() 
    r.GET("/ping", func(c *gin.Context) { 
        c.JSON(200, gin.H{ 
            "message": "pong", 
        }) 
    }) 
    r.Run() // listen and serve on 0.0.0.0:8080 (for windows "localhost:8080") 
} 
 

移动pro02目录，执行go mod tidy

PS D:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02> go mod tidy 
go: downloading github.com/stretchr/testify v1.7.0 
go: downloading github.com/google/go-cmp v0.5.5 
go: downloading gopkg.in/check.v1 v1.0.0-20201130134442-10cb98267c6c 
go: downloading github.com/kr/pretty v0.3.0 
go: downloading gopkg.in/yaml.v3 v3.0.0-20210107192922-496545a6307b 
go: downloading github.com/rogpeppe/go-internal v1.8.0 
go: downloading github.com/kr/text v0.2.0 
 

运行后访问localhost:8080/ping

[Running] go run "d:\SynologyDrive\软件开发\go\golang入门到项目实战\goproject\360duote.com\pro02\tempCodeRunnerFile.go" 
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Creating an Engine instance with the Logger and Recovery middleware already attached. 
 
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] Running in "debug" mode. Switch to "release" mode in production. 
 - using env:   export GIN_MODE=release 
 - using code:  gin.SetMode(gin.ReleaseMode) 
 
[GIN-debug] GET    /ping                     --> main.main.func1 (3 handlers) 
[GIN-debug] [WARNING] You trusted all proxies, this is NOT safe. We recommend you to set a value. 
Please check https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/gin-gonic/gin#readme-don-t-trust-all-proxies for details. 
[GIN-debug] Environment variable PORT is undefined. Using port :8080 by default 
[GIN-debug] Listening and serving HTTP on :8080 
[GIN] 2022/03/05 - 20:36:41 | 404 |            0s |             ::1 | GET      "/" 
[GIN] 2022/03/05 - 20:36:41 | 404 |            0s |             ::1 | GET      "/favicon.ico" 
[GIN] 2022/03/05 - 20:36:52 | 200 |         465µs |             ::1 | GET      "/ping"