iOS开发学习之路【高级主题】——多线程、网络编程

NSThread

初始化一个 NSThread 的三种方法

1. init

   - (instancetype)initWithTarget:(id)target selector:(SEL)selector object:(id)argument;
   

   - (IBAction)start:(id)sender {
       
       NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(loop) object:nil];
       //启动一个线程
       [thread start];
       
       NSLog(@"end...");
   }
   -(void)loop{
       for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) {
           [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
           NSLog(@"i=%d", i);
       }
   }
   

2. 继承NSThread类

   //创建一个继承NSThread的类
   
   #import "MyNSThread.h"
   
   @implementation MyNSThread
   //重写main方法
   -(void)main{
       for (int j = 1; j<=10; j++) {
           [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
           NSLog(@"j=%d",j);
       }
   }
   @end
   

   - (IBAction)start:(id)sender {
       //初始化
       MyNSThread *thread = [[MyNSThread alloc]init];
       [thread start];
       
       NSLog(@"end...");
   }
   

3. detachNewThread

   + (void)detachNewThreadSelector:(SEL)selector toTarget:(id)target withObject:(nullable id)argument;
   

   - (IBAction)start:(id)sender {
   
       [NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(loop) toTarget:self withObject:nil];
       
       NSLog(@"end...");
   }
   -(void)loop{
       for (int i = 1; i <= 10 ; i++) {
           [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
           NSLog(@"newi=%d", i);
       }
   }
   

Operation Object

创建

1. 使用 NSOperation 创建

   #import "MyOperation.h"
   
   
   - (IBAction)start:(UIButton *)sender {
       
       MyOperation *o = [[MyOperation alloc]init];
       NSOperationQueue *q = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
       [q addOperation:o];
       
   }
   

2. 使用 NSOperation 创建

    	NSInvocationOperation *o = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(loop) object:nil];
       NSOperationQueue *q = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
       [q addOperation:o];
   
   
   -(void)loop{
       for(int j = 1; j <=10; j++){
           [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
           NSLog(@"j=%d",j);
       }
   }
   

3. 使用 NSBlockOperation 创建

   	NSBlockOperation *o = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{
           for(int z = 1; z <=10; z++){
               [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
               NSLog(@"z=%d",z);
           }
       }];
       NSOperationQueue *q = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
       [q addOperation:o];
   

效果

设置线程之间的依赖关系

	[q addOperation:o];
    [o1 addDependency:o];
    [q addOperation:o1];

GCD

GCD 简介

​ Grand Central Dispatch 是苹果主推的多线程处理机制，该多线程处理机制在多核CPU状态下，性能很高。GCD 一般和 Black 一起使用，在 Block 回调中处理程序操作。GCD 声明了一系列以 dispatch 打头的方法来实现多线程的操作，例如，获得线程队列、启动线程、异步线程等。

实现异步任务

    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        [self loop];
    });

-(void)loop{
    for (int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:1];
        NSLog(@"i=%d",i);
    }
}

三种调度队列

 dispatch_queue_t q = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0);
    dispatch_async(q, ^{
        [self update];
    });

-(void)update{
    float p = 0.0;
    while (p<1) {
        p+=0.01;
        [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.1];
        dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{
            self.myProgress.progress  = p;
        });
    }
}

NSURLConnection网络编程

请求服务器数据

    // 1.NSURLRequest
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    // 2.NSOperationQueue
    NSOperationQueue *quere = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
    // 异步请求
    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:quere completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
        NSString *content = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"%@",content);
    }];

    // 1.NSURLRequest
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://www.baidu.com"];
    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    // 2.NSOperationQueue
    NSOperationQueue *quere = [[NSOperationQueue alloc]init];
	// 同步请求
    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT, 0), ^{
        NSURLResponse *response;
        NSData *data = [NSURLConnection sendSynchronousRequest:request returningResponse:&response error:nil];
        NSLog(@"%@",data);
    });

向服务器发送数据

    //http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather?location=嘉兴&output=json&ak=5slgyqGDENN7Sy7pw29IUvrZ
    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://api.map.baidu.com/telematics/v3/weather"];
    NSMutableURLRequest *request = [NSMutableURLRequest requestWithURL:url];
    [request setHTTPMethod:@"POST"];
    NSString *param = @"";
    NSData *body = [param dataUsingEncoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
    [request setHTTPBody:body];
    
    [NSURLConnection sendAsynchronousRequest:request queue:[[NSOperationQueue alloc]init] completionHandler:^(NSURLResponse * _Nullable response, NSData * _Nullable data, NSError * _Nullable connectionError) {
        NSString *content = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:data encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
        NSLog(@"%@",content);
    }];