Spring的Xml配置

spring的Xml配置

基本配置

首先 maven项目中导入架包

<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
            <version>5.3.19</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.24</version>
</dependency>

创建一个实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
@ToString
public class User {
    private String name;
    private int age;
}

在resource目录下创建spring配置文件 applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean name="user1" class="com.***.pojo.User"/>
    
</beans>

创建测试方法对其进行测试

  @Test
    public void test1(){
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        User user1 = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user1");
        System.out.println("user1 = " + user1);
    }

运行之后输出结果: user1 = User(name=null, age=0)

赋值

修改 applicationContext.xml文件,对实体类进行赋值

<bean name="user1" class="com.***.pojo.User">
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
</bean>

运行之后输出结果: user1 = User(name=张三, age=18)

单例及多例

单例模式，故名思意。在一个配置项中有且只能创建一个实体类对象。其在 new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(“applicationContext.xml”) 时就已经生成实体类对象。而多例需要在applicationContext.getBean(“user1”) 时创建。

单例

<bean name="user1" class="com.***.pojo.User" scope="singleton">
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
</bean>

ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
User user1 = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user1");
System.out.println("user1 = " + user1);

运行之后输出结果: user1 = User(name=张三, age=18)

多例

    <bean name="user1" class="com.***.pojo.User" scope="prototype">
        <property name="age" value="18"></property>
        <property name="name" value="张三"></property>
    </bean>
    <bean name="user2" class="com.***.pojo.User" scope="prototype">
        <property name="age" value="19"></property>
        <property name="name" value="李四"></property>
    </bean>

    @Test
    public void test1() {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new 	ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        User user1 = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user1");
        System.out.println("user1 = " + user1);
        User user2 = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user2");
        System.out.println("user2 = " + user2);
    }

运行之后输出结果:

​ user1 = User(name=张三, age=18)
​ user2 = User(name=李四, age=19)

• bean:通过配置bean将实体类对象交给Spring容器
• id:给被管理的对象命名
• class:被管理对象的全限定名
• scope(进阶):默认singleton即为单利模式，就是在Spring容器中只存在一个的实例。
• property:通过Set方法进行依赖注入
• 依赖注入常用的两种：1.set方法注入。2.构造函数注入。
• 另外两种(了解)p命名和c命名空间注入：不能直接使用，需导入xml约束。

构造方法赋值

修改 applicationContext.xml

<bean name="user1" class="com.gzp.sp.pojo.User">
        <constructor-arg name="name" value="张三" index="0"/>
        <constructor-arg name="age" value="18" index="1"/>
</bean>

 @Test
    public void test1() {
        ApplicationContext applicationContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
        User user1 = (User) applicationContext.getBean("user1");
        System.out.println("user1 = " + user1);
    }

运行之后输出结果: user1 = User(name=张三, age=18)

引用外部文件 properties

创建properties文件 jdbc.properties

jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc://192.168.1.10:3306/test
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=root

修改applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
">

    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
    <bean name="druid" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">
        <property name="driver" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
        <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
        <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
        <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
    </bean>


</beans>