在 Spring Boot 中使用适配器模式实现支付网关的统一接口

潘多编程

于 2024-08-11 10:18:13 发布

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文章标签： java 数据库网络

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/h356363/article/details/141102088

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引言

在许多电子商务系统中，集成多个支付网关是常见的需求。不同的支付网关有着不同的接口和实现细节。适配器模式可以帮助我们以一种灵活的方式实现这些不同的支付网关接口。

适配器模式简介

适配器模式将一个类的接口转换为客户期望的另一个接口。适配器模式使得原本由于接口不兼容而不能一起工作的那些类可以一起工作。

示例

假设我们有一个电商平台，需要支持多种支付网关，包括：

PayPal支付网关
Stripe支付网关
Alipay支付网关

步骤

定义目标接口 - 首先定义一个目标接口，声明所有支持的支付网关共有的方法。
java
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```
1public interface PaymentGateway {
2    void processPayment(PaymentRequest request);
3}
```

实现具体的支付网关类 - 接下来，为每种支付网关实现适配器。

PayPal支付网关适配器

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class PayPalPaymentGatewayAdapter implements PaymentGateway {
5    private final PayPalApi paypalApi;
6
7    public PayPalPaymentGatewayAdapter(PayPalApi paypalApi) {
8        this.paypalApi = paypalApi;
9    }
10
11    @Override
12    public void processPayment(PaymentRequest request) {
13        PayPalPaymentRequest paypalRequest = new PayPalPaymentRequest(request);
14        paypalApi.processPayment(paypalRequest);
15    }
16}

Stripe支付网关适配器

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class StripePaymentGatewayAdapter implements PaymentGateway {
5    private final StripeApi stripeApi;
6
7    public StripePaymentGatewayAdapter(StripeApi stripeApi) {
8        this.stripeApi = stripeApi;
9    }
10
11    @Override
12    public void processPayment(PaymentRequest request) {
13        StripePaymentRequest stripeRequest = new StripePaymentRequest(request);
14        stripeApi.processPayment(stripeRequest);
15    }
16}

Alipay支付网关适配器

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class AlipayPaymentGatewayAdapter implements PaymentGateway {
5    private final AlipayApi alipayApi;
6
7    public AlipayPaymentGatewayAdapter(AlipayApi alipayApi) {
8        this.alipayApi = alipayApi;
9    }
10
11    @Override
12    public void processPayment(PaymentRequest request) {
13        AlipayPaymentRequest alipayRequest = new AlipayPaymentRequest(request);
14        alipayApi.processPayment(alipayRequest);
15    }
16}

定义具体的支付网关 API 接口 - 为每个支付网关定义一个具体的 API 接口。

PayPal API 接口

java

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1public interface PayPalApi {
2    void processPayment(PayPalPaymentRequest request);
3}

Stripe API 接口

java

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1public interface StripeApi {
2    void processPayment(StripePaymentRequest request);
3}

Alipay API 接口

java

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1public interface AlipayApi {
2    void processPayment(AlipayPaymentRequest request);
3}

实现具体的支付网关 API 类 - 接下来，为每个支付网关实现具体的 API 类。

PayPal API 类

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class PayPalApiImpl implements PayPalApi {
5    @Override
6    public void processPayment(PayPalPaymentRequest request) {
7        System.out.println("Processing payment via PayPal: " + request.getAmount());
8    }
9}

Stripe API 类

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class StripeApiImpl implements StripeApi {
5    @Override
6    public void processPayment(StripePaymentRequest request) {
7        System.out.println("Processing payment via Stripe: " + request.getAmount());
8    }
9}

Alipay API 类

java

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1import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
2
3@Component
4public class AlipayApiImpl implements AlipayApi {
5    @Override
6    public void processPayment(AlipayPaymentRequest request) {
7        System.out.println("Processing payment via Alipay: " + request.getAmount());
8    }
9}

定义支付请求类 - 定义一个支付请求类，用于封装支付请求的必要信息。

java

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1public class PaymentRequest {
2    private String paymentMethod;
3    private double amount;
4
5    public PaymentRequest(String paymentMethod, double amount) {
6        this.paymentMethod = paymentMethod;
7        this.amount = amount;
8    }
9
10    public String getPaymentMethod() {
11        return paymentMethod;
12    }
13
14    public double getAmount() {
15        return amount;
16    }
17}

定义具体的支付请求类 - 为每个支付网关定义一个具体的支付请求类。

PayPal支付请求

java

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1public class PayPalPaymentRequest {
2    private final PaymentRequest request;
3
4    public PayPalPaymentRequest(PaymentRequest request) {
5        this.request = request;
6    }
7
8    public String getPaymentMethod() {
9        return request.getPaymentMethod();
10    }
11
12    public double getAmount() {
13        return request.getAmount();
14    }
15}

Stripe支付请求

java

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1public class StripePaymentRequest {
2    private final PaymentRequest request;
3
4    public StripePaymentRequest(PaymentRequest request) {
5        this.request = request;
6    }
7
8    public String getPaymentMethod() {
9        return request.getPaymentMethod();
10    }
11
12    public double getAmount() {
13        return request.getAmount();
14    }
15}

Alipay支付请求

java

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1public class AlipayPaymentRequest {
2    private final PaymentRequest request;
3
4    public AlipayPaymentRequest(PaymentRequest request) {
5        this.request = request;
6    }
7
8    public String getPaymentMethod() {
9        return request.getPaymentMethod();
10    }
11
12    public double getAmount() {
13        return request.getAmount();
14    }
15}

使用适配器 - 最后，在我们的业务逻辑中，根据需要选择并使用相应的适配器。

java

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1import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
2import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
3
4@Service
5public class PaymentService {
6
7    private final Map<String, PaymentGateway> paymentGateways;
8
9    @Autowired
10    public PaymentService(Map<String, PaymentGateway> paymentGateways) {
11        this.paymentGateways = paymentGateways;
12    }
13
14    public void processPayment(PaymentRequest request) {
15        PaymentGateway paymentGateway = paymentGateways.get(request.getPaymentMethod());
16        if (paymentGateway != null) {
17            paymentGateway.processPayment(request);
18        } else {
19            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Unsupported payment method: " + request.getPaymentMethod());
20        }
21    }
22}

控制器 - 我们还需要一个控制器来测试这个逻辑。

java

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1import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
2import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
3import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
4import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;
5import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
6
7@RestController
8@RequestMapping("/payments")
9public class PaymentController {
10
11    private final PaymentService paymentService;
12
13    @Autowired
14    public PaymentController(PaymentService paymentService) {
15        this.paymentService = paymentService;
16    }
17
18    @GetMapping("/process")
19    public String processPayment(@RequestParam("method") String method,
20                                 @RequestParam("amount") double amount) {
21        PaymentRequest request = new PaymentRequest(method, amount);
22        paymentService.processPayment(request);
23        return "Payment processed successfully.";
24    }
25}

测试 - 最后，我们可以通过发送 HTTP 请求来测试不同的支付网关。

bash

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1curl 'http://localhost:8080/payments/process?method=paypal&amount=100'
2curl 'http://localhost:8080/payments/process?method=stripe&amount=150'
3curl 'http://localhost:8080/payments/process?method=alipay&amount=200'