python中的xml.dom的使用

 python中的xml.dom模块使用的就是传统的dom解析api和方法。所以也就不写什么了，主要就是练习敲敲代码，继续熟悉python。本文通过xml.dom.minidom创建一个xml文档，然后再解析出来，用以熟悉相关接口方法的使用。

创建一个xml文档：

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''' Created on 2012-1-10 Create a xml document @author: xiaojay '''    from xml.dom import minidom    doc = minidom.Document() doc.appendChild(doc.createComment( "This is a simple xml." )) booklist = doc.createElement( "booklist" ) doc.appendChild(booklist)    def addBook(newbook):      book = doc.createElement( "book" )      book.setAttribute( "id" , newbook[ "id" ])             title = doc.createElement( "title" )      title.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "title" ]))      book.appendChild(title)             author = doc.createElement( "author" )      name = doc.createElement( "name" )      firstname = doc.createElement( "firstname" )      firstname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "firstname" ]))      lastname = doc.createElement( "lastname" )      lastname.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "lastname" ]))      name.appendChild(firstname)      name.appendChild(lastname)      author.appendChild(name)      book.appendChild(author)             pubdate = doc.createElement( "pubdate" )      pubdate.appendChild(doc.createTextNode(newbook[ "pubdate" ]))      book.appendChild(pubdate)             booklist.appendChild(book)    addBook({ "id" : "1001" , "title" : "An apple" , "firstname" : "Peter" , "lastname" : "Zhang" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-12" }) addBook({ "id" : "1002" , "title" : "Love" , "firstname" : "Mike" , "lastname" : "Li" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-10" }) addBook({ "id" : "1003" , "title" : "Steve.Jobs" , "firstname" : "Tom" , "lastname" : "Wang" , "pubdate" : "2012-1-19" }) addBook({ "id" : "1004" , "title" : "Harry Potter" , "firstname" : "Peter" , "lastname" : "Chen" , "pubdate" : "2012-11-11" })    f = file ( "book.xml" , "w" ) doc.writexml(f) f.close()

　　通过doc.toprettyxml(indent, newl, encoding)方法可以优雅显示xml文档，但是要避免直接写入文本，否则会给解析带来麻烦，尽量使用自带的writexml方法。

生成的文档内容：

<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<!--This is a simple xml.-->
<booklist>
　　<book id="1001">
　　　　<title>
　　　　An apple
　　　　</title>
　　<author>
　　　　<name>
　　　　　　<firstname>
　　　　　　Peter
　　　　　　</firstname>
　　　　　　<lastname>
　　　　　　Zhang
　　　　　　</lastname>
　　　　</name>
　　</author>
　　<pubdate>
　　2012-1-12
　　</pubdate>
　　</book>

 .................
</booklist>

 

解析该xml文档：

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''' Created on 2012-1-10 Scan a xml doc @author: xiaojay '''    from xml.dom import minidom , Node    class bookscanner:      def __init__( self ,doc):          for child in doc.childNodes :              if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE \              and child.tagName = = "book" :                  bookid = child.getAttribute( "id" )                  print "*" * 20                  print "Book id : " , bookid                  self .handle_book(child)                         def handle_book( self ,node):          for child in node.childNodes :              if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE :                  if child.tagName = = "title" :                      print "Title : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                  if child.tagName = = "author" :                      self .handle_author(child)                  if child.tagName = = "pubdate" :                      print "Pubdate : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                     def getText( self ,node):          if node.nodeType = = Node.TEXT_NODE :              return node.nodeValue          else : return ""                 def handle_author( self ,node):          author = node.firstChild          for child in author.childNodes:              if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE:                  if child.tagName = = "firstname" :                      print "Firstname : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)                  if child.tagName = = "lastname" :                      print "Lastname : " , self .getText(child.firstChild)               doc = minidom.parse( "book.xml" ) for child in doc.childNodes :      if child.nodeType = = Node.COMMENT_NODE:          print "Conment : " , child.nodeValue      if child.nodeType = = Node.ELEMENT_NODE:          bookscanner(child)

　　

输出结果：

Conment : This is a simple xml.
********************
Book id : 1001
Title : An apple
Firstname : Peter
Lastname : Zhang
Pubdate : 2012-1-12
********************
Book id : 1002
Title : Love
Firstname : Mike
Lastname : Li
Pubdate : 2012-1-10
********************
Book id : 1003
Title : Steve.Jobs
Firstname : Tom
Lastname : Wang
Pubdate : 2012-1-19
********************
Book id : 1004
Title : Harry Potter
Firstname : Peter
Lastname : Chen
Pubdate : 2012-11-11