最近需要将MongoDB里面的数据导入到Excel，使用到了jxl.jar，总结一下下~
java 操作 Excel 最常用的就是JXL(java excel api)和POI，今先看下JXL吧。首先可以到http://www.andykhan.com/jexcelapi/download.html 下载最新的jxl.jar，里面有它的jar包和API，内有一个小例子，可以参考一下。
JXL 用起来挺简单的，不过相应的其功能也并不是十分强大，对于一般的简单的excel操作还可以，对于太复杂的还是有些吃力，另外需要说明的是，这套API对图形和图表的支持很有限，而且仅仅识别PNG格式。
1. Create an Excel Spreadsheet
Create a new Java project called de.vogella.java.excel. Create the de.vogella.java.excel.writer package and the following class.
<span style="font-size:14px;">package writer;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Locale;
import jxl.CellView;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.WorkbookSettings;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.write.Formula;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.Number;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableFont;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
import jxl.write.WriteException;
import jxl.write.biff.RowsExceededException;
public class WriteExcel {
private WritableCellFormat timesBoldUnderline;
private WritableCellFormat times;
private String inputFile;
public void setOutputFile(String inputFile) {
this.inputFile = inputFile;
}
public void write() throws IOException, WriteException {
File file = new File(inputFile);
WorkbookSettings wbSettings = new WorkbookSettings();
wbSettings.setLocale(new Locale("en", "EN"));
WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(file, wbSettings);
workbook.createSheet("Report", 0);
WritableSheet excelSheet = workbook.getSheet(0);
createLabel(excelSheet);
createContent(excelSheet);
workbook.write();
workbook.close();
}
private void createLabel(WritableSheet sheet)
throws WriteException {
// Lets create a times font
WritableFont times10pt = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 10);
// Define the cell format
times = new WritableCellFormat(times10pt);
// Lets automatically wrap the cells
times.setWrap(true);
// create create a bold font with unterlines
WritableFont times10ptBoldUnderline = new WritableFont(WritableFont.TIMES, 10, WritableFont.BOLD, false,
UnderlineStyle.SINGLE);
timesBoldUnderline = new WritableCellFormat(times10ptBoldUnderline);
// Lets automatically wrap the cells
timesBoldUnderline.setWrap(true);
CellView cv = new CellView();
cv.setFormat(times);
cv.setFormat(timesBoldUnderline);
cv.setAutosize(true);
// Write a few headers
addCaption(sheet, 0, 0, "Header 1");
addCaption(sheet, 1, 0, "This is another header");
}
private void createContent(WritableSheet sheet) throws WriteException,
RowsExceededException {
// Write a few number
for (int i = 1; i < 10; i++) {
// First column
addNumber(sheet, 0, i, i + 10);
// Second column
addNumber(sheet, 1, i, i * i);
}
// Lets calculate the sum of it
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
buf.append("SUM(A2:A10)");
Formula f = new Formula(0, 10, buf.toString());
sheet.addCell(f);
buf = new StringBuffer();
buf.append("SUM(B2:B10)");
f = new Formula(1, 10, buf.toString());
sheet.addCell(f);
// now a bit of text
for (int i = 12; i < 20; i++) {
// First column
addLabel(sheet, 0, i, "Boring text " + i);
// Second column
addLabel(sheet, 1, i, "Another text");
}
}
private void addCaption(WritableSheet sheet, int column, int row, String s)
throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {
Label label;
label = new Label(column, row, s, timesBoldUnderline);
sheet.addCell(label);
}
private void addNumber(WritableSheet sheet, int column, int row,
Integer integer) throws WriteException, RowsExceededException {
Number number;
number = new Number(column, row, integer, times);
sheet.addCell(number);
}
private void addLabel(WritableSheet sheet, int column, int row, String s)
throws WriteException, RowsExceededException {
Label label;
label = new Label(column, row, s, times);
sheet.addCell(label);
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws WriteException, IOException {
WriteExcel test = new WriteExcel();
test.setOutputFile("c:/temp/lars.xls");
test.write();
System.out
.println("Please check the result file under c:/temp/lars.xls ");
}
} </span>2.Read an existing Excel Spreadsheet
<span style="font-size:14px;">package reader;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.CellType;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
public class ReadExcel {
private String inputFile;
public void setInputFile(String inputFile) {
this.inputFile = inputFile;
}
public void read() throws IOException {
File inputWorkbook = new File(inputFile);
Workbook w;
try {
w = Workbook.getWorkbook(inputWorkbook);
// Get the first sheet
Sheet sheet = w.getSheet(0);
// Loop over first 10 column and lines
for (int j = 0; j < sheet.getColumns(); j++) {
for (int i = 0; i < sheet.getRows(); i++) {
Cell cell = sheet.getCell(j, i);
CellType type = cell.getType();
if (type == CellType.LABEL) {
System.out.println("I got a label "
+ cell.getContents());
}
if (type == CellType.NUMBER) {
System.out.println("I got a number "
+ cell.getContents());
}
}
}
} catch (BiffException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
ReadExcel test = new ReadExcel();
test.setInputFile("c:/temp/lars.xls");
test.read();
}
} </span>3 读取Excel
<span style="font-size:14px;">import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
public class ExcelRead {
public void read(String fname) throws BiffException, IOException{
File f = new File(fname);
Workbook workbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(f);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(0);//读取第一个Sheet.
int rows = 1;
System.out.println(sheet.getRows());//读取行数
System.out.println(sheet.getColumns());//读取列数
System.out.println("---------------------");
for(rows=0;rows<sheet.getRows();rows++){
System.out.println("第" + (rows + 1) + "行：");
for(int cols = 0;cols < sheet.getColumns();cols++){
Cell ce = sheet.getCell(cols, rows);
System.out.print( ce.getContents() + "\t");
}
System.out.println("");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws BiffException, IOException {
ExcelRead ER = new ExcelRead();
String fname = "/Users/mc2/Desktop/test.xls";
ER.read(fname);
//fname = "/Users/mc2/Desktop/test.xlsx";
//ER.read(fname);
}
}</span>4 写入Excel
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import jxl.Cell;
import jxl.Sheet;
import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.read.biff.BiffException;
public class ExcelRead {
public void read(String fname) throws BiffException, IOException{
File f = new File(fname);
Workbook workbook = Workbook.getWorkbook(f);
Sheet sheet = workbook.getSheet(0);//读取第一个Sheet.
int rows = 1;
System.out.println(sheet.getRows());//读取行数
System.out.println(sheet.getColumns());//读取列数
System.out.println("---------------------");
for(rows=0;rows<sheet.getRows();rows++){
System.out.println("第" + (rows + 1) + "行：");
for(int cols = 0;cols < sheet.getColumns();cols++){
Cell ce = sheet.getCell(cols, rows);
System.out.print( ce.getContents() + "\t");
}
System.out.println("");
}
}
public static void main(String[] args) throws BiffException, IOException {
ExcelRead ER = new ExcelRead();
String fname = "/Users/mc2/Desktop/test.xls";
ER.read(fname);
//fname = "/Users/mc2/Desktop/test.xlsx";
//ER.read(fname);
}
}5 在一个Excel文件中查找是否包含某一个关键字
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;">/**搜索某一个文件中是否包含某个关键字
* @param file 待搜索的文件
* @param keyWord 要搜索的关键字
* @return
*/
public static boolean searchKeyWord(File file,String keyWord){
boolean res = false;
Workbook wb = null;
try {
//构造Workbook（工作薄）对象
wb=Workbook.getWorkbook(file);
} catch (BiffException e) {
return res;
} catch (IOException e) {
return res;
}
if(wb==null)
return res;
//获得了Workbook对象之后，就可以通过它得到Sheet（工作表）对象了
Sheet[] sheet = wb.getSheets();
boolean breakSheet = false;
if(sheet!=null&&sheet.length>0){
//对每个工作表进行循环
for(int i=0;i
if(breakSheet)
break;
//得到当前工作表的行数
int rowNum = sheet[i].getRows();
boolean breakRow = false;
for(int j=0;j
if(breakRow)
break;
//得到当前行的所有单元格
Cell[] cells = sheet[i].getRow(j);
if(cells!=null&&cells.length>0){
boolean breakCell = false;
//对每个单元格进行循环
for(int k=0;k
if(breakCell)
break;
//读取当前单元格的值
String cellValue = cells[k].getContents();
if(cellValue==null)
continue;
if(cellValue.contains(keyWord)){
res = true;
breakCell = true;
breakRow = true;
breakSheet = true;
}
}
}
}
}
}
//最后关闭资源，释放内存
wb.close();
return res;
} </span><pre code_snippet_id="111830" snippet_file_name="blog_20131214_5_4999175">
6 往Excel中插入图片图标
插入图片的实现很容易，参看以下代码：
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:12px;">/**往Excel中插入图片
* @param dataSheet 待插入的工作表
* @param col 图片从该列开始
* @param row 图片从该行开始
* @param width 图片所占的列数
* @param height 图片所占的行数
* @param imgFile 要插入的图片文件
*/
public static void insertImg(WritableSheet dataSheet, int col, int row, int width,
int height, File imgFile){
WritableImage img = new WritableImage(col, row, width, height, imgFile);
dataSheet.addImage(img);
} </span>以上代码的注释已经很清楚了，大概也就不用再解释了，我们可以用如下程序验证：
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:12px;"> try {
//创建一个工作薄
WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("D:/test1.xls"));
//待插入的工作表
WritableSheet imgSheet = workbook.createSheet("Images",0);
//要插入的图片文件
File imgFile = new File("D:/1.png");
//图片插入到第二行第一个单元格，长宽各占六个单元格
insertImg(imgSheet,0,1,6,6,imgFile);
workbook.write();
workbook.close();
catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
catch (WriteException e) {
e.printStackTrace(); </span>但是jxl只支持png格式的图片，jpg格式和gif格式都不支持。
7 插入页眉页脚
一般的页眉页脚都分为三个部分,左,中,右三部分,利用如下代码可实现插入页眉页脚<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:12px;">/**向Excel中加入页眉页脚
* @param dataSheet 待加入页眉的工作表
* @param left
* @param center
* @param right
*/
public static void setHeader(WritableSheet dataSheet,String left,String center,String right){
HeaderFooter hf = new HeaderFooter();
hf.getLeft().append(left);
hf.getCentre().append(center);
hf.getRight().append(right);
//加入页眉
dataSheet.getSettings().setHeader(hf);
//加入页脚
//dataSheet.getSettings().setFooter(hf);
}
</span>我们可以用如下代码测试该方法:
<span style="font-family:Microsoft YaHei;font-size:12px;"> try {
//创建一个工作薄
WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(new File("D:/test1.xls"));
//待插入的工作表
WritableSheet dataSheet = workbook.createSheet("加入页眉",0);
ExcelUtils.setHeader(dataSheet, "chb", "2007-03-06", "第1页,共3页");
workbook.write();
workbook.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (WriteException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
</span>参考：
Excel and Java - Read and Write Excel with Java
POI对EXCEL的操作【重点：如何设置CELL格式为文本格式】（写的蛮详细，要用POI可以参考下）
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