python访问数据库基本命令

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① pymysql概念
② 访问数据库

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pymsql概述

pymsql是Python中操作MySQL的模块，其使用方法 和MySQLdb几乎相同。但目前pymysql支持python3.x 而后者不支持3.x版本。虽然大家可能在python2.x中用习 惯了mysqldb，但是在python3.x中已经不支持那个组件了。

pymsql的具体用法

1、Pymysql 基本用法-1

import pymysql conn = pymysql.connect(host=host, user=user, passwd=password, db=db) 创建游标： cur = conn.cursor() 执行SQL： cur.execute(“INSERT INTO table VALUE something”) cur.execute(“SELECT * FROM table”)

2、Pymysql 基本用法-2 获取数据

data = cur.fetchone() data = cur.fetchmany() data = cur.fetchall() # data是个生成器 关闭游标： cur.close() 如果SQL是insert之类的DML语句，要记得commit： conn.commit() 关闭数据库连接 conn.close()

Pymysql 综合示例

一、素材准备，先根据以下SQL在MySQL中生成相关的trade表

DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `trade`;
CREATE TABLE `trade` ( 
`sid` int(4) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, 
`name` varchar(6) NOT NULL COMMENT '用户真实姓名', 
`account` varchar(11) NOT NULL COMMENT '银行储蓄账号', 
`saving` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户储蓄金额', `expend` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户支出总计', `income` decimal(8,2) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0.00' COMMENT '账户收入总计', PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `name_UNIQUE` (`name`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=2 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; 
INSERT INTO `trade` VALUES (1,'乔布斯','18012345678',0.00,0.00,0.00);

二、插入数据
import pymysql.cursors

# 连接数据库 
connect = pymysql.Connect(host='127.0.0.1', user='root', passwd='root', db='testdb', charset='utf8' )
# 获取游标 
cursor = connect.cursor() 
# 插入数据 
sql = "INSERT INTO trade (name, account, saving) VALUES ( '%s', '%s', %.2f )" data = ('雷军', '13512345678', 10000) cursor.execute(sql % data) connect.commit() print('成功插入', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

三、 修改数据

 sql = "UPDATE trade SET saving = %.2f WHERE account = '%s' " data = (8888, '13512345678') 
 cursor.execute(sql % data) 
 connect.commit() 
 print('成功修改', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

四、删除数据

 sql = "DELETE FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' LIMIT %d" data = ('13512345678', 1) 
 cursor.execute(sql % data) 
 connect.commit() 
 print('成功删除', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

五、 查询数据

  sql = "SELECT name,saving FROM trade WHERE account = '%s' " data = ('13512345678',) 
strSql = sql % data 
print(strSql) 
cursor.execute(strSql) 
for row in cursor.fetchall(): 
     print(row) 
     print("Name:%s\tSaving:%.2f" % row) 
     print('共查找出', cursor.rowcount, '条数据')

六、事务操作

sql_1 = "UPDATE trade SET saving = saving + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " 
sql_2 = "UPDATE trade SET expend = expend + 1000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " 
sql_3 = "UPDATE trade SET income = income + 2000 WHERE account = '18012345678' " 
try:
    cursor.execute(sql_1) 
	# 储蓄增加1000 
	cursor.execute(sql_2) 
	# 支出增加1000 
	cursor.execute(sql_3)
    # 收入增加2000 
except Exception as e: connect.rollback() 
# 事务回滚 
   print('事务处理失败', e) 
else: connect.commit() 
# 事务提交 
print('事务处理成功', cursor.rowcount)
 # 关闭连接 
 cursor.close() 
 connect.close()