均值、中值以及Motion滤波器

均值、中值与Motion Filter

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问题描述：

使用三种滤波器（$7\times 7$）大小，来对fate.jpeg进行图像处理。

代码如下（示例）：

// 均值与中值滤波器
#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <math.h>

cv::Mat mean_filter(cv::Mat img, int kernel_size)
{
    int row = img.rows;
    int col = img.cols;
    int channel = img.channels();

    // 准备输出
    cv::Mat new_image = cv::Mat::zeros(row, col, CV_8UC3);

    int pad = floor(kernel_size / 2);
    int count = 0;
    double val = 0;

    float kernel[kernel_size * kernel_size];

    for (int i = 0; i < kernel_size; i++)
    {
       kernel[i] = 0;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            for (int c = 0; c < channel; c++)
            {
                val = 0;
                for (int di = -pad; di < pad + 1; di++)
                {
                    for (int dj = -pad; dj < pad + 1; dj++)
                    {
                        if ((i + di) >= 0 && (j + dj) >= 0)
                        {
                            val += (int)img.at<cv::Vec3b>(i + di, j + dj)[c];
                        }
                    }
                }
                // 求均值
                val /= (kernel_size * kernel_size);
                new_image.at<cv::Vec3b>(i, j)[c] = (uchar)val;
            }
        }
    }

    return new_image;
}

cv::Mat median_filter(cv::Mat img, int kernel_size)
{
    int row = img.rows;
    int col = img.cols;
    int channel = img.channels();

    cv::Mat new_image = cv::Mat::zeros(row, col, CV_8UC3);

    int pad = floor(kernel_size / 2);
    int count = 0;
    int kernel[kernel_size * kernel_size];
    for (int i = 0; i < kernel_size * kernel_size; i++)
    {
        kernel[i] = 0;
    }


    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            for (int c = 0; c < channel; c++)
            {
                count = 0;
                for (int di = -pad; di < pad + 1; di++)
                {
                    for (int dj = -pad; dj < pad + 1; dj++)
                    {
                        if (((i + di) >= 0) && ((j + dj) >= 0))
                        {
                            kernel[count++] = (int)img.at<cv::Vec3b>(i + di, j + dj)[c];
                        }
                    }
                }
                // 排序方面定位中值
                std::sort(kernel, kernel + kernel_size * kernel_size);
                new_image.at<cv::Vec3b>(i, j)[c] = (uchar)kernel[int(floor(count / 2)) + 1];
            }
        }
    }

    return new_image;
}

int main(){
    // read image
    cv::Mat img = cv::imread("../fate.jpeg", cv::IMREAD_COLOR);

    // median_filter
//    cv::Mat new_image = median_filter(img, 7);
    cv::Mat new_image = mean_filter(img, 7);

    cv::imwrite("../1-10/fate3.jpeg", new_image);
    cv::imshow("vvv", new_image);
    cv::waitKey(0);
    cv::destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

// motion_filter
#include <opencv2/core.hpp>
#include <opencv2/highgui.hpp>
#include <math.h>

cv::Mat motion_filter(cv::Mat img, int kernel_size)
{
    int row = img.rows;
    int col = img.cols;
    int channel = img.channels();

    cv::Mat new_image = cv::Mat::zeros(row, col, CV_8UC3);

    int pad = floor(kernel_size / 2);
    double kernel[kernel_size][kernel_size];

    for (int i = 0; i < kernel_size; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < kernel_size; j++)
        {
            if (i == j)
            {
                kernel[i][j] = 1. / kernel_size;
            }
            else
            {
                kernel[i][j] = 0;
            }
        }
    }

    double val = 0;
    for (int i = 0; i < row; i++)
    {
        for (int j = 0; j < col; j++)
        {
            for (int c = 0; c < channel; c++)
            {
                val = 0;
                for (int di = -pad; di < pad + 1; di++)
                {
                    for (int dj = -pad; dj < pad + 1; dj++)
                    {
                        if (((di + i) >= 0) && ((di + i) < row) && ((dj + j) >= 0) && ((dj + j) < col))
                        {
                            val += (double)img.at<cv::Vec3b>(i + di, j + dj)[c] * kernel[pad + di][pad + dj];
                        }
                    }
                }
                new_image.at<cv::Vec3b>(i, j)[c] = (uchar)val;
            }
        }
    }

    return new_image;
}


int main(){
    // read image
    cv::Mat img = cv::imread("../fate.jpeg", cv::IMREAD_COLOR);

    // motion_filter
    cv::Mat new_image = motion_filter(img, 7);

    cv::imwrite("../1-10/fate1.jpeg", new_image);
    cv::imshow("vvv", new_image);
    cv::waitKey(0);
    cv::destroyAllWindows();

    return 0;
}

输入图像 (fate.jpeg)	中值滤波图像 (fate2.jpeg)	均值滤波图像 (fate2.jpeg)	motion滤波图像 (fate3.jpeg)

三种滤波器

中值滤波器是一种可以使图像平滑的滤波器。这种滤波器用滤波器范围内像素点的中值进行滤波（在这里采用了Zero Padding）。
均值滤波器则使用滤波器范围内像素点的平均值进行滤波。

Motion Filter取对角线方向的像素的平均值，像下式这样定义：
$$\left[\begin{array}{ccc}\frac{1}{3}& 0& 0\\ 0& \frac{1}{3}& 0\\ 0& 0& \frac{1}{3}\end{array}\right]$$