【Spring in action】自动化装配Bean、通过Java代码及xml装配Bean

一、简单对象自动装配Bean

隐式的Bean 发现和自动装配：

CompactDisc

package testJava;

public interface CompactDisc {
	void play();
}

SgtPeppers

package testJava;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class SgtPeppers implements CompactDisc{
	private String title = "七里香";
	private String artist = "周杰伦";
	@Override
	public void play() {
		System.out.println("Playing "+title+" by "+artist);
	}
}

Java中配置

CDPlayerConfig

package testJava;

import org.springframework.context.annotation.ComponentScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Configuration
@ComponentScan
public class CDPlayerConfig {

}

单元测试类：

package testJava;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration(classes=CDPlayerConfig.class)
public class TestJava {
	//简单对象（区别于有依赖的对象）
	@Autowired
	private CompactDisc cd;
	
	@Test
	public void test() {
		//基于注解，自动装配1
		//assertNotNull(cd);
		cd.play();
	}
}

执行结果：

Playing 七里香 by 周杰伦

导包一览如下：

二、简单对象通过xml启用自动扫描如下：

去掉上面代码中的CDPlayerConfig.java类。添加如下applicationContext.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
	xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
	xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
	xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.3.xsd">
	<context:component-scan base-package="testXml"></context:component-scan>

</beans>

修改TestJava：

package testXml;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

public class TestJava {
	@Autowired
	private CompactDisc cd;
	
	@Test
	public void test() {
		//基于注解，自动装配2
		ClassPathXmlApplicationContext ctx = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("testXml/applicationContext.xml");
		cd = ctx.getBean(CompactDisc.class);
		cd.play();
		ctx.close();
	}
}

包结构如下：

执行结果：

Playing 七里香 by 周杰伦

三、复杂对象Java配置自动装配Bean

MediaPlayer

package testComplexJava;

public interface MediaPlayer {
	void play();
}

CDPlayer

package testComplexJava;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
public class CDPlayer implements MediaPlayer{
	private CompactDisc cd;
	@Autowired
	public CDPlayer(CompactDisc cd) {
		this.cd = cd;
	}

	@Override
	public void play() {
		cd.play();
	}
}

TestJava

package testComplexJava;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;

import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfi