EL自定义函数实现步骤:
1.开发函数处理类,即普通的Java类;每个函数对应类中的一个静态方法。
2. 建立TLD(Tag Library Descriptor),定义表达式函数。
3.在web.xml中配置TLD文件位置。
4.在JSP页面中使用自定义函数。
因为EL表达式函数,主要功能是完成对数据的修改,统一化格式,所有第一步有时候不需要我们自己来写,使用java.lang.Math中的一些方法也是可能实现的,下面就先介绍这种情况。
一、使用java.lang.Math中的方法
由于是使用java中已有的类,所以第一步就可以不用写了。
1.首先在WEB-INF下面建立一个TLD文件:custom-function.tld
- <!-- 头文件属性必须要 -->
- <taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd"
- version="2.0">
- <!-- 标记库版本信息要有 -->
- <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>
- <!-- 取绝对值 -->
- <function>
- <name>abs</name>
- <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class>
- <function-signature>int abs(int)</function-signature>
- </function>
- <!-- 取近似值 -->
- <function>
- <name>round</name>
- <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class>
- <function-signature>int round(double)</function-signature>
- </function>
- <!-- 取最大值 -->
- <function>
- <name>max</name>
- <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class>
- <function-signature>int max(int,int)</function-signature>
- </function>
- <!-- 求开方值 -->
- <function>
- <name>sqrt</name>
- <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class>
- <function-signature>double sqrt(double)</function-signature>
- </function>
- <!-- 求正弦值:是以弧度计算的 -->
- <function>
- <name>sin</name>
- <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class>
- <function-signature>double sin(double)</function-signature>
- </function>
- </taglib>
<!-- 头文件属性必须要 --> <taglib xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd" version="2.0"> <!-- 标记库版本信息要有 --> <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version> <!-- 取绝对值 --> <function> <name>abs</name> <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class> <function-signature>int abs(int)</function-signature> </function> <!-- 取近似值 --> <function> <name>round</name> <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class> <function-signature>int round(double)</function-signature> </function> <!-- 取最大值 --> <function> <name>max</name> <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class> <function-signature>int max(int,int)</function-signature> </function> <!-- 求开方值 --> <function> <name>sqrt</name> <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class> <function-signature>double sqrt(double)</function-signature> </function> <!-- 求正弦值:是以弧度计算的 --> <function> <name>sin</name> <function-class>java.lang.Math</function-class> <function-signature>double sin(double)</function-signature> </function> </taglib>
2.在web.xml中配置TLD文件位置,配置如下:
- <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
- <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
- xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
- xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
- version="2.4">
- <jsp-config>
- <taglib>
- <!-- 此处uri可以自己随便定义,但后面用时一定与这里一样 -->
- <taglib-uri>
- http://chaozhichen.iteye.com/custom-function-tablib
- </taglib-uri>
- <!-- tld文件的路径 -->
- <taglib-location>
- /WEB-INF/tld/custom-function.tld
- </taglib-location>
- </taglib>
- </jsp-config>
- <welcome-file-list>
- <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
- </welcome-file-list>
- </web-app>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd" version="2.4"> <jsp-config> <taglib> <!-- 此处uri可以自己随便定义,但后面用时一定与这里一样 --> <taglib-uri> http://chaozhichen.iteye.com/custom-function-tablib </taglib-uri> <!-- tld文件的路径 --> <taglib-location> /WEB-INF/tld/custom-function.tld </taglib-location> </taglib> </jsp-config> <welcome-file-list> <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file> </welcome-file-list> </web-app>
3.在JSP页面使用自定义函数
custom_function.jsp
- <%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8" %>
- <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%>
- <!-- 这里的uri用户可以随便指定,只要与web.xml配置的taglib-uri一致就可以-->
- <%@ taglib prefix="czc" uri="http://chaozhichen.iteye.com/custom-function-tablib"%>
- <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN">
- <html>
- <head>
- <title>EL Custom Function Examples</title>
- </head>
- <body>
- <h1>EL Custom Function Examples</h1>
- <c:set var="num" value="-100"></c:set>
- The absolute value of ${num} is ${czc:abs(num)}.<br>
- <c:set var="cout" value="${1+2/3}"></c:set>
- The rounded value of ${cout} is ${czc:round(cout)}.<br>
- The max value of 10 and 8 is ${czc:max(10,8)}.<br>
- <c:set var="sixteen" value="16"></c:set>
- The sqrt value of ${sixteen} is ${czc:sqrt(sixteen)}.<br>
- <c:set var="degree" value="45"></c:set>
- The sin value of ${degree} is ${czc:sin(degree)}.<br>
- </body>
- </html>
<%@ page pageEncoding="utf-8" %> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <!-- 这里的uri用户可以随便指定,只要与web.xml配置的taglib-uri一致就可以--> <%@ taglib prefix="czc" uri="http://chaozhichen.iteye.com/custom-function-tablib"%> <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"> <html> <head> <title>EL Custom Function Examples</title> </head> <body> <h1>EL Custom Function Examples</h1> <c:set var="num" value="-100"></c:set> The absolute value of ${num} is ${czc:abs(num)}.<br> <c:set var="cout" value="${1+2/3}"></c:set> The rounded value of ${cout} is ${czc:round(cout)}.<br> The max value of 10 and 8 is ${czc:max(10,8)}.<br> <c:set var="sixteen" value="16"></c:set> The sqrt value of ${sixteen} is ${czc:sqrt(sixteen)}.<br> <c:set var="degree" value="45"></c:set> The sin value of ${degree} is ${czc:sin(degree)}.<br> </body> </html>
测试结果如下:
二、用户自定义类,实现将数字转换成汉字
1.开发自定义处理函数类
ELFunction.java
- public class ELFunction {
- /**
- * 将数字转换成大写
- *
- * @param num:
- * 要转换的数字
- * @return
- */
- public static String covertNumberToChinese(int num) {
- // 定义一个汉字数组
- String[] chinese = { "零", "壹", "贰", "叁", "肆", "伍", "陆", "柒", "捌", "玖" };
- // 将数字转换成字符串
- String str = "" + num;
- String relStr = "";
- for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
- // 得到单个数字
- int single = Integer.parseInt(str.valueOf(str.charAt(i)));
- System.out.print(single + " ");
- // 转换成汉字
- relStr += chinese[single];
- }
- return relStr;
- }
- }
public class ELFunction {
/**
* 将数字转换成大写
*
* @param num:
* 要转换的数字
* @return
*/
public static String covertNumberToChinese(int num) {
// 定义一个汉字数组
String[] chinese = { "零", "壹", "贰", "叁", "肆", "伍", "陆", "柒", "捌", "玖" };
// 将数字转换成字符串
String str = "" + num;
String relStr = "";
for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i++) {
// 得到单个数字
int single = Integer.parseInt(str.valueOf(str.charAt(i)));
System.out.print(single + " ");
// 转换成汉字
relStr += chinese[single];
}
return relStr;
}
}
2.建立TLD文件,在前面TLD文件的基础上添加如下代码
- <!-- 自定义函数:将数字转换成大写 -->
- <function>
- <name>covertNumberToChinese</name>
- <function-class>cn.netjava.util.ELFunction</function-class>
- <function-signature>String covertNumberToChinese(int)</function-signature>
- </function>
<!-- 自定义函数:将数字转换成大写 --> <function> <name>covertNumberToChinese</name> <function-class>cn.netjava.util.ELFunction</function-class> <function-signature>String covertNumberToChinese(int)</function-signature> </function>
3.在web.xml中就不用再配置了,在JSP页面加入如下代码
- <!-- 调用自定义函数 -->
- <c:set var="convert" value="2435"></c:set>
- <b>自定义函数结果:${czc:covertNumberToChinese(convert)}</b>
<!-- 调用自定义函数 --> <c:set var="convert" value="2435"></c:set> <b>自定义函数结果:${czc:covertNumberToChinese(convert)}</b>
测试结果如下: