AsyncTask案例

一：效果图
1.开始加载

2.加载中

3.取消加载

4.加载完成

二：使用AsyncTask
1.MainActivity.java代码

package com.hanjie.asynctask_2021_0412;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ImageView;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannelGroup;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private ImageView start,cancel;
    private TextView text;
    private ProgressBar progressBar;
    private ProgressTask pTask;
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        text = findViewById(R.id.tv_text);
        progressBar = findViewById(R.id.progress_bar);
        start = findViewById(R.id.iv_start);
        cancel = findViewById(R.id.cancel);
        pTask = new ProgressTask();
        start.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                if (pTask.isCancelled()){
                    pTask = new ProgressTask();
                }
                pTask.execute();
            }
        });
        cancel.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View v) {
                 pTask.cancel(true);
            }
        });
    }
    //1.定义一个AsyncTask子类
    //2.实例化子类
    //3.启动
    public class ProgressTask extends AsyncTask<Void,Integer,String>{
        //执行线程任务之前的操作
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            text.setText("加载中...");
        }
        //接受输入的参数,执行任务中耗时操作,返回线程任务中的执行结果
        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(Void... voids) {
            try {
                for (int i=1;i<100;i++) {
                    publishProgress(i);
                    Thread.sleep(50);
                }
                return "加载完毕";
            } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }
        //在线程中显示线程任务的执行进度,在doInBackground方法中调用publishProgress方法则触发该方法
        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            progressBar.setProgress(values[0]);
            text.setText("加载..."+values[0]+"%");
        }
        //接受线程任务的执行结果，将执行结果显示到界面
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
            super.onPostExecute(s);
            if (s!=null){
                text.setText(s);
            }
            pTask= new ProgressTask();
        }
        //取消异步任务时触发该方法
        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            super.onCancelled();
            text.setText("已取消");
            progressBar.setProgress(0);
        }
    }
}

2.activity_main布局页面代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent"
    android:background="#00ffff">

    <ProgressBar
        android:id="@+id/progress_bar"
        android:layout_width="match_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        style="?android:attr/progressBarStyleHorizontal"
        android:progress="0"
        android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
        android:layout_centerInParent="true"
        />

    <TextView
        android:id="@+id/tv_text"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:text="还没开始哦！"
        android:textSize="28sp"
        android:layout_above="@id/progress_bar"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/iv_start"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/start"
        android:layout_below="@id/progress_bar"
        android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
        android:layout_marginLeft="100dp"
        />

    <ImageView
        android:id="@+id/cancel"
        android:layout_width="80dp"
        android:layout_height="80dp"
        android:src="@mipmap/stop"
        android:layout_below="@id/progress_bar"
        android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
        android:layout_marginTop="30dp"
        android:layout_marginRight="100dp"
        />

</RelativeLayout>

注意：
1.Task的实例必须在UI thread中创建
2.主线程中执行execte()