从服务器获取数据

1.实例化一个URL对象

2.获取HttpURLConnection对象（初学者建议）

3.设置请求连接属性

4.设置响应码，判断连接结果码

5.读取数据流并解析

GET获取数据

POST提交数据

请求时要开新线程，并在manifssts的根目录下加一句获取权限

<uses-permission-sdk-23 android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

 public void onClick(View view) {
               new Thread(new Runnable() {
                   @Override
                   public void run() {
                       try {
                           URL url=new URL("https://www.baidu.com/?tn=02003390_72_hao_pg");
                           HttpURLConnection connection=(HttpURLConnection)url.openConnection();
                           //超时时间
                           connection.setConnectTimeout(30000);
                           connection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                           connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type","application/json");
                           connection.setRequestProperty("Charset","UTF-8");
                           connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset","UTF-8");
                           connection.connect();//发起连接
                           int responseCode=connection.getResponseCode();
                           String responseMessage=connection.getResponseMessage();
                           if (responseCode==HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
                               InputStream inputStream=connection.getInputStream();
                               String result=streamToString(inputStream);
                           }
                       } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                           e.printStackTrace();
                       } catch (IOException e) {
                           e.printStackTrace();
                       }
                   }
               });
            }

POST 

安卓9的新特性对Http有限制

解决办法：创建安全配置文件

1.在res文件夹下创建xml/network-security-confing文件

2.增加cleartextTrafficPermitted属性

package com.example.asynctaskproject;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private Button button;
    private TextView textView;
    private ProgressBar mProgressBar;
    private int INIT_PROGRESS =0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       //初始化视图
        initView();
        //设置监听
       setListener();
       //初始化UI数据
        setData();

    }


    private void setData() {
        mProgressBar.setProgress(INIT_PROGRESS );
        button.setText("点击下载");
        textView.setText("准备下载");
    }

    private void setListener() {
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //下载的事情
            }
        });
    }

    /**
    初始化视图
     */

    private void initView() {
        button = findViewById(R.id.button2);
        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView2);
    }

    public class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String ,Integer,Boolean>{

        private boolean result;
        private String mFilePath;

        /**
         * 在异步任务前，主线程中
         * */
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            //可操作UI
        }

        /**
         * 在另外一个线程处理事件
         * String... strings就是入参
         * return 结果
         * */


        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... strings) {

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

                Log.i(TAG,"DownloadAsyncTask"+strings[0]+strings[1]);
                //抛出进度
                publishProgress(i);

                try {
                    URL url=new URL("lianjie");
                    //构造连接，并打开
                    URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();
                    InputStream inputStream=urlConnection.getInputStream();
                    //获得文件总长度用于更新进度条
                    int contentLength=urlConnection.getContentLength();

                    //下载地址准备
                    mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+ File.separator+"imooc.apk";

                    //对下载地址处理
                    File apkFile=new File(mFilePath);
                    if (apkFile.exists()){
                        result = apkFile.delete();
                        if (!result){
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                    //已下载的大小
                    int downSize=0;
                    int length;
                    byte []bytes=new byte[1024];
                    //创建输出流
                    OutputStream outputStream=new  FileOutputStream(mFilePath);
                   while ((length=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
                       //数据放到文件管道里
                       outputStream.write(bytes,0,length);
                       downSize+=length;

                       //发送进度
                       publishProgress(downSize*100/contentLength);
                   }
                   inputStream.close();
                   outputStream.close();

                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }


            }
            return true;
        }
        //
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onPostExecute(aBoolean);
            //主线程中  执行结果 处理
            textView.setText("下载完成");
            textView.setText(result?"下载完成":mFilePath+"下载失败");
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            //收到进度然后处理也是在UI线程
            if (values!=null&&values.length>0)
            mProgressBar.setProgress(values[0]);

        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            super.onCancelled();
            //取消
        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onCancelled(aBoolean);//结果参数
            //取消
        }
    }
}