AsyncTask异步任务

同时进行即为异步

1.目的：方便后台线程中操作后更新UI

2.实现：用Thread和Handler进行了封装

3.实质：Handler异步消息处理机制

泛型参数<Params,Progress,Result>

UI操作onPreExecute onPostExecute

后台线程操作doInBackground

输入输出Params，Result

进度显示 onProgressUpdate

package com.example.asynctaskproject;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.util.Log;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
        DownloadAsyncTask downloadAsyncTask=new DownloadAsyncTask();
        downloadAsyncTask.execute("imooc","good");
    }
    public class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String ,Integer,Boolean>{
        /**
         * 在异步任务前，主线程中
         * */
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            //可操作UI
        }

        /**
 * 在另外一个线程处理事件
 * String... strings就是入参
 * return 结果
 * */


        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... strings) {

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

                Log.i(TAG,"DownloadAsyncTask"+strings[0]+strings[1]);
                //抛出进度
                publishProgress(i);
            }
            return true;
        }
        //
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onPostExecute(aBoolean);
            //主线程中  执行结果 处理
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            //收到进度然后处理也是在UI线程

        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            super.onCancelled();
            //取消
        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onCancelled(aBoolean);//结果参数
            //取消
        }
    }
}

主要方法有四个

onPreExecute()操作前的准备工作

doOnBackground()耗时操作（唯一的异步线程）

onProgressUpdate()收到进度然后处理也是在UI线程

onPostExecute（）执行结果更新Ui显示

下载demo

package com.example.asynctaskproject;

import androidx.appcompat.app.AppCompatActivity;

import android.os.AsyncTask;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.os.Environment;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.ProgressBar;
import android.widget.TextView;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {
    private static final String TAG = "MainActivity";
    private Button button;
    private TextView textView;
    private ProgressBar mProgressBar;
    private int INIT_PROGRESS =0;

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
       //初始化视图
        initView();
        //设置监听
       setListener();
       //初始化UI数据
        setData();

    }


    private void setData() {
        mProgressBar.setProgress(INIT_PROGRESS );
        button.setText("点击下载");
        textView.setText("准备下载");
    }

    private void setListener() {
        button.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {
            @Override
            public void onClick(View view) {
                //下载的事情
            }
        });
    }

    /**
    初始化视图
     */

    private void initView() {
        button = findViewById(R.id.button2);
        textView = findViewById(R.id.textView2);
    }

    public class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String ,Integer,Boolean>{

        private boolean result;
        private String mFilePath;

        /**
         * 在异步任务前，主线程中
         * */
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            //可操作UI
        }

        /**
         * 在另外一个线程处理事件
         * String... strings就是入参
         * return 结果
         * */


        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... strings) {

            for (int i = 0; i < 100; i++) {

                Log.i(TAG,"DownloadAsyncTask"+strings[0]+strings[1]);
                //抛出进度
                publishProgress(i);

                try {
                    URL url=new URL("lianjie");
                    //构造连接，并打开
                    URLConnection urlConnection=url.openConnection();
                    InputStream inputStream=urlConnection.getInputStream();
                    //获得文件总长度用于更新进度条
                    int contentLength=urlConnection.getContentLength();

                    //下载地址准备
                    mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()+ File.separator+"imooc.apk";

                    //对下载地址处理
                    File apkFile=new File(mFilePath);
                    if (apkFile.exists()){
                        result = apkFile.delete();
                        if (!result){
                            return false;
                        }
                    }
                    //已下载的大小
                    int downSize=0;
                    int length;
                    byte []bytes=new byte[1024];
                    //创建输出流
                    OutputStream outputStream=new  FileOutputStream(mFilePath);
                   while ((length=inputStream.read(bytes))!=-1){
                       //数据放到文件管道里
                       outputStream.write(bytes,0,length);
                       downSize+=length;

                       //发送进度
                       publishProgress(downSize*100/contentLength);
                   }
                   inputStream.close();
                   outputStream.close();

                } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }


            }
            return true;
        }
        //
        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onPostExecute(aBoolean);
            //主线程中  执行结果 处理
            textView.setText("下载完成");
            textView.setText(result?"下载完成":mFilePath+"下载失败");
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            //收到进度然后处理也是在UI线程
            if (values!=null&&values.length>0)
            mProgressBar.setProgress(values[0]);

        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled() {
            super.onCancelled();
            //取消
        }

        @Override
        protected void onCancelled(Boolean aBoolean) {
            super.onCancelled(aBoolean);//结果参数
            //取消
        }
    }
}

封装思想

package com.example.asynctaskproject;


import android.os.AsyncTask;

import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URL;
import java.net.URLConnection;

/**
 * 1. download方法  url localPath listener
 * 2. listener: start, success fail progress.
 * 3. 用asynctask封装的
 * Created by renkangke on 16/12/19.
 */

public class DownHelper {

    public static void download(String url, String localPath, OnDownloadListener listener){
        DownloadAsyncTask task = new DownloadAsyncTask(url, localPath, listener);
        task.execute();
    }


    public static class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Boolean> {

        String mUrl;
        String mFilePath;
        OnDownloadListener mListener;

        public DownloadAsyncTask(String url, String filePath, OnDownloadListener listener) {
            mUrl = url;
            mFilePath = filePath;
            mListener = listener;
        }

        /**
         * 在异步任务之前，在主线程中
         */
        @Override
        protected void onPreExecute() {
            super.onPreExecute();
            // 可操作UI  类似淘米,之前的准备工作
            if(mListener != null){
                mListener.onStart();
            }
        }

        /**
         * 在另外一个线程中处理事件
         *
         * @param params 入参  煮米
         * @return 结果
         */
        @Override
        protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) {
            String apkUrl = mUrl;

            try {
                // 构造URL
                URL url = new URL(apkUrl);
                // 构造连接，并打开
                URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection();
                InputStream inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();

                // 获取了下载内容的总长度
                int contentLength = urlConnection.getContentLength();

                // 对下载地址进行处理
                File apkFile = new File(mFilePath);
                if(apkFile.exists()){
                    boolean result = apkFile.delete();
                    if(!result){
                        if(mListener != null){
                            mListener.onFail(-1, apkFile, "文件删除失败");
                        }
                        return false;
                    }
                }

                // 已下载的大小
                int downloadSize = 0;

                // byte数组
                byte[] bytes = new byte[1024];

                int length;

                // 创建一个输入管道
                OutputStream outputStream = new FileOutputStream(mFilePath);

                // 不断的一车一车挖土,走到挖不到为止
                while ((length = inputStream.read(bytes)) != -1){
                    // 挖到的放到我们的文件管道里
                    outputStream.write(bytes, 0, length);
                    // 累加我们的大小
                    downloadSize += length;
                    // 发送进度
                    publishProgress(downloadSize * 100/contentLength);
                }

                inputStream.close();
                outputStream.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                if(mListener != null){
                    mListener.onFail(-2, new File(mFilePath), e.getMessage());
                }
                return false;
            }

            if(mListener != null){
                mListener.onSuccess(0, new File(mFilePath));
            }
            return true;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(Boolean result) {
            super.onPostExecute(result);
            // 也是在主线程中 ，执行结果 处理
        }

        @Override
        protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) {
            super.onProgressUpdate(values);
            // 收到进度，然后处理： 也是在UI线程中。
            if (values != null && values.length > 0) {
                if(mListener != null){
                    mListener.onProgress(values[0]);
                }
            }

        }

    }


    public interface OnDownloadListener{

        void onStart();

        void onSuccess(int code, File file);

        void onFail(int code , File file, String message);

        void onProgress(int progress);


        abstract class SimpleDownloadListener implements OnDownloadListener{
            @Override
            public void onStart() {

            }

            @Override
            public void onProgress(int progress) {

            }
        }
    }

}

使用封装

DownHelper.download(APK_URL, "lujing", new DownHelper.OnDownloadListener.SimpleDownloadListener() {
            @Override
            public void onSuccess(int code, File file) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onFail(int code, File file, String message) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onStart() {
                super.onStart();
            }

            @Override
            public void onProgress(int progress) {
                super.onProgress(progress);
            }
        });