MyBatis 初体验

MyBatis 初体验

记录第一次在项目中引入 MyBatis

准备工具：

• IDEA

• Maven

• MySQL

具体步骤：

1. 搭建一个Maven项目，导入依赖

本次测试需要三个依赖，分别是mybatis、mysql-connector-java 和 junit

<dependencies>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>mysql</groupId>
        <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
        <version>5.1.47</version>
    </dependency>
    <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.mybatis/mybatis -->
    <dependency>
        <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
        <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
        <version>3.5.7</version>
    </dependency>
    <dependency>
        <groupId>junit</groupId>
        <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
        <version>4.12</version>
    </dependency>
</dependencies>

2. 构建 mybatis 系统的核心配置文件 mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    <environments default="development">
        <environment id="development">
            <transactionManager type="JDBC"/>
            <dataSource type="POOLED">
                <property name="driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"/>
                <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/database?useSSL=true&amp;useUnicode=true&amp;characterEncoding=utf8"/>
                <property name="username" value="${username}"/>
                <property name="password" value="${password}"/>
            </dataSource>
        </environment>
    </environments>
    <mappers>
        <!--此处的UserMapper.xml对应于第6步-->
        <mapper resource="UserMapper.xml"/> 
    </mappers>
</configuration>

3. 创建获取 SqlSession 的工具类 MybatisUtils

import org.apache.ibatis.io.Resources;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSession;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactory;
import org.apache.ibatis.session.SqlSessionFactoryBuilder;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;

public class MybatisUtils {
    private static SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory;
    static {
        String resource = "mybatis-config.xml";
        try {
            InputStream inputStream = Resources.getResourceAsStream(resource);
            sqlSessionFactory = new SqlSessionFactoryBuilder().build(inputStream);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    public static SqlSession getSqlSession() {
        return sqlSessionFactory.openSession();
    }
}

4. 创建数据库表以及对应的实体类

• 创建数据库表

CREATE TABLE `user` (
  `id` int(10) NOT NULL,
  `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL,
  `pwd` varchar(30) DEFAULT '123456',
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8

在创建表之后插入几条测试记录

• 创建对应的实体类

public class User {
    private int id;
    private String name;
    private String pwd;

    public User() {
    }

    public User(int id, String name, String pwd) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(int id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getPwd() {
        return pwd;
    }

    public void setPwd(String pwd) {
        this.pwd = pwd;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User{" +
                "id=" + id +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", pwd='" + pwd + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

5. 创建操作数据库的接口 UserDao

import java.util.List;

public interface UserDao {
    List<User> getUserList();
}

6. 使用 xml 映射语句 UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<!--namespace和resultType处需要填写全路径名，id的值是接口 UserDao 的方法名-->
<mapper namespace="package_name.UserDao">
    <select id="getUserList" resultType="package_name.User">
    select * from user;
  </select>
</mapper>

7. 使用 junit 进行测试

@Test
public void test() {
    SqlSession sqlSession = MybatisUtils.getSqlSession();
    UserDao mapper = sqlSession.getMapper(UserDao.class);
    List<User> userList = mapper.getUserList();
    for (User user : userList) {
        System.out.println(user);
    }
    sqlSession.close();
}

控制台输出结果：

完

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参考资料：

[1] 狂神说Java.Mybatis最新完整教程IDEA版通俗易懂.bilibili,2019-10-02:https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1NE411Q7Nx?p=2

[2] mybatis,2021-04-26:https://mybatis.org/mybatis-3/zh/getting-started.html