具体的BeadSort的过程见:https://www.cnblogs.com/kkun/archive/2011/11/23/2260301.html
具体的代码实现:
// C++ program to implement gravity/bead sort
#include <iostream>
#include <cstring>
using namespace std;
#define BEAD(i, j) beads[i * max + j]
/*
3 :1 1 1 3: 1 1 1 1 1
5 :1 1 1 1 1 ==> 5: 1 1 1
1 :1 1: 1
*/
void beadSort(int *a, int len)
{
// Find the maximum element
int max = a[0];
for (int i = 1; i < len; i++)
if (a[i] > max)
max = a[i];
// allocating memory
unsigned char beads[max*len];
memset(beads, 0, sizeof(beads));
// mark the beads
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
for (int j = 0; j < a[i]; j++)
BEAD(i, j) = 1;
for (int j = 0; j < max; j++)
{
// count how many beads are on each col
int sum = 0;
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
sum += BEAD(i, j);
BEAD(i, j) = 0;
}
// Move beads up
for (int i = len - sum; i < len; i++)
BEAD(i, j) = 1;
}
// Put sorted values in array using beads
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++)
{
int j;
for (j = 0; j < max && BEAD(i, j); j++);
a[i] = j;
}
}
void show(int *a, int len)
{
int i;
for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
cout << a[i] << "\n";
}
// driver function to test the algorithm
int main()
{
int len;
cout << "\nEnter the number of elements : ";
cin >> len;
int arr[len];
cout << "\nEnter the unsorted elements : ";
for (int i = 0; i < len; ++i)
{
cout << "\n";
cin >> arr[i];
}
beadSort(arr, len);
cout << "Sorted array\n";
show(arr, len);
return 0;
}