简介
在MFC应用程序解决闪烁是一个很常见的问题。我们可以在书或网上找到很多这样的材料。然而,这些技术多少有些复杂且难以运用到一个已有的应用程序中。双缓冲就是一个最常用的解决这个问题的技术。双缓冲就是在离屏内存中绘制一张图形,然后把绘制完成的图像按像素一次性贴到物理显示屏上。
这篇文章给出一个叫CMemDC的类,这个类封装了绘制离屏缓冲区的操作。因此,向一个已经存在的应用程序或者ActiveX控件中添加CMemDC来解决闪烁问题是件非常简单的事情。
如何用CMemDC修改MFC应用程序
- 把memdc.h添加到你的工程中
- 在stdafx.h中添加#include "memdc.h"
- 为WM_ERASEBKGND消息添加windows消息处理函数
- 然后对消息处理函数做如下改动:
- // Change this code
- BOOL CExampleView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
- {
- // TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default
- return CView::OnEraseBkgnd(pDC);
- }
- // To this code
- BOOL CExampleView::OnEraseBkgnd(CDC* pDC)
- {
- return FALSE;
- }
- 然后对你的OnDraw函数做出如下改动:
- void CExampleView::OnDraw(CDC* dc)
- {
- CMemDC pDC(dc);
- CExampleDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();
- ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here - use pDC
- //as the device context to draw to
- }
做出如上改动后编译你的代码,你就会发现闪烁问题已经被你解决了。
如何用CMemDC修改一个MFC Active X空间
要用CMemDC你只需要在OnDraw函数中做出一点很小的改变,如下:
- void CParticleTestCtlCtrl::OnDraw(CDC* pdc, const CRect& rcBounds,
- const CRect& rcInvalid)
- {
- CMemDC pDC(pdc, &rcBounds);
- // TODO: add draw code for native data here
- // - use pDC as the device context to draw
- }
唯一一点区别就是rcBounds是通过CMemDC的构造函数传递的。
源代码
- #ifndef _MEMDC_H_
- #define _MEMDC_H_
- //
- // CMemDC - memory DC
- //
- // Author: Keith Rule
- // Email: keithr@europa.com
- // Copyright 1996-2002, Keith Rule
- //
- // You may freely use or modify this code provided this
- // Copyright is included in all derived versions.
- //
- // History - 10/3/97 Fixed scrolling bug.
- // Added print support. - KR
- //
- // 11/3/99 Fixed most common complaint. Added
- // background color fill. - KR
- //
- // 11/3/99 Added support for mapping modes other than
- // MM_TEXT as suggested by Lee Sang Hun. - KR
- //
- // 02/11/02 Added support for CScrollView as supplied
- // by Gary Kirkham. - KR
- //
- // This class implements a memory Device Context which allows
- // flicker free drawing.
- class CMemDC : public CDC {
- private:
- CBitmap m_bitmap; // Offscreen bitmap
- CBitmap* m_oldBitmap; // bitmap originally found in CMemDC
- CDC* m_pDC; // Saves CDC passed in constructor
- CRect m_rect; // Rectangle of drawing area.
- BOOL m_bMemDC; // TRUE if CDC really is a Memory DC.
- public:
- CMemDC(CDC* pDC, const CRect* pRect = NULL) : CDC()
- {
- ASSERT(pDC != NULL);
- // Some initialization
- m_pDC = pDC;
- m_oldBitmap = NULL;
- m_bMemDC = !pDC->IsPrinting();
- // Get the rectangle to draw
- if (pRect == NULL) {
- pDC->GetClipBox(&m_rect);
- } else {
- m_rect = *pRect;
- }
- if (m_bMemDC) {
- // Create a Memory DC
- CreateCompatibleDC(pDC);
- pDC->LPtoDP(&m_rect);
- m_bitmap.CreateCompatibleBitmap(pDC, m_rect.Width(),
- m_rect.Height());
- m_oldBitmap = SelectObject(&m_bitmap);
- SetMapMode(pDC->GetMapMode());
- SetWindowExt(pDC->GetWindowExt());
- SetViewportExt(pDC->GetViewportExt());
- pDC->DPtoLP(&m_rect);
- SetWindowOrg(m_rect.left, m_rect.top);
- } else {
- // Make a copy of the relevent parts of the current
- // DC for printing
- m_bPrinting = pDC->m_bPrinting;
- m_hDC = pDC->m_hDC;
- m_hAttribDC = pDC->m_hAttribDC;
- }
- // Fill background
- FillSolidRect(m_rect, pDC->GetBkColor());
- }
- ~CMemDC()
- {
- if (m_bMemDC) {
- // Copy the offscreen bitmap onto the screen.
- m_pDC->BitBlt(m_rect.left, m_rect.top,
- m_rect.Width(), m_rect.Height(),
- this, m_rect.left, m_rect.top, SRCCOPY);
- //Swap back the original bitmap.
- SelectObject(m_oldBitmap);
- } else {
- // All we need to do is replace the DC with an illegal
- // value, this keeps us from accidentally deleting the
- // handles associated with the CDC that was passed to
- // the constructor.
- m_hDC = m_hAttribDC = NULL;
- }
- }
- // Allow usage as a pointer
- CMemDC* operator->()
- {
- return this;
- }
- // Allow usage as a pointer
- operator CMemDC*()
- {
- return this;
- }
- };
- #endif