SQL常见面试题

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于 2021-11-23 13:50:45 发布

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分类专栏： SQL 文章标签： sql

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create database dathonsql1
use dathonsql1
create table Student(sid varchar(10),sname varchar(10),sage datetime,ssex nvarchar(10));

insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷 ' , '1990 01 01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电 ' , '1990 12 21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风 ' , '1990 05 20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云 ' , '1990 08 06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , ' 周梅 ' , '1991 12 01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰 ' , '1992 03 01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹 ' , '1989 07 01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊 ' , '1990 01 20' , '女');

create table Co
urse(cid varchar(10),cname varchar(10),tid varchar(10));
insert into Course values('01' , '语文 ' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学 ' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语 ' , '03');

create table Teacher(tid varchar(10),tname varchar(10));
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');

create table SC(sid varchar(10),cid varchar(10),score decimal(18,1));
insert into SC values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into SC values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into SC values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into SC values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into SC values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into SC values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into SC values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into SC values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into SC values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into SC values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into SC values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into SC values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into SC values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into SC values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into SC values('07' , '03' , 98);

题目

1、查询"01"课程比"02"课程成绩高的所有学生的学号

select distinct t1.sid as sid
from
(select * from sc where cid='01')t1
left join (select * from sc where cid='02')t2
on t1.sid=t2.sid
where t1.score>t2.score

2、查询平均成绩大于 60 分的同学的学号和平均成绩

select
sid ,avg(score)
from sc
group by sid
having avg(score)>60

3、查询所有同学的学号、姓名、选课数、总成绩

select student.sid as sid ,sname
       ,count(distinct cid) course_cnt
       ,sum(score) as total_score
from student
left join sc
on student.sid=sc.sid
group by student.sid,sname

4、查询姓'李'的老师的个数

select count(distinct tid) as teacher_cnt
from teacher
where tname like '李'

5、查询没学过张三老师课的同学的学号、姓名

select sid,sname
from student
where sid not in(select sc.sid
                 from teacher
                 left join course
                 on teacher.tid=course.tid
                 left join sc
                 on course.cid=sc.cid
                 where teacher.tname='张三')

6、查询学过编号 "01"并且也学过编号"02"课程的同学的学号、姓名

select t.sid as sid,sname
from (select sid,
      from sc
      group by sid
      having count(if(cid='01',score,null))>0 and count(if(cid='02',scor e,null))>0 )t
left join student
on t.sid=student.sid

7、查询学过张三老师所教的课的同学的学号、姓名

select student.sid,sname
from student as st
inner join score as s on s.sid=st.sid
inner join course as c on s.cid=c.cid
inner join teacher as t on t.tid=c.tid
where t.tname = '张三'
order by st.sid

8、查询课程编号"01"的成绩比课程编号"02"课程低的所有同学的学号、姓名

select t1.sid,sname
from (select distinct t1.sid as sid
      from (select * from sc where cid = '01')t1
      left join (select * from sc where cid = '02')t2
      on t1.sid=t2.sid
      where t1.score ＜ t2.score)t1
left join student
on t1.sid = student.sid

9、查询所有课程成绩小于 60 分的同学的学号、姓名

select t1.sid,sname
from (select sid,max(score)
      from sc
      group by sid
      having max(score) ＜ 60)t1
left join student
on t1.sid = student.sid

10、查询没有学全所有课的同学的学号、姓名

select t1.sid,sname
from (select count(cid),sid
      from sc
      group by sid
      having count(cid) ＜ (select count(distinct cid) from course)t1
left join student
on t1.sid=student.sid

11、查询至少有一门课与学号为 “ 的同学所学相同的同学的学号和姓名

select distinct sc.sid
from (select cid
      from sc
      where sid = '01')t1
left join sc
on t1.cid = sc.cid

12、查询和 "01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的学号和姓名

select t2.sid,t3.sname from
(select * from
(select sid,group_concat(cid) new_col from sc group by sid)t1
where t1.new_col =
(select group_concat(cid) as new_col from sc where sid = '01' group by sid)t2
inner join student t3
on t2.sid = t3.sid

13、查询没学过张三老师讲授的任一门课程的学生姓名

select sname
from student
where sid not in (select distinct sid
                  from sc
                  left join course
                  on sc.cid = course.cid
                  left join teacher
                  on course.tid = teacher.tid
                  where tname = '张三')

14、查询两门及其以上不及格课程的同学的学号，姓名及其平均成绩

select t1.sid,sname,avg_score
from (select sid,avg(score) as avg_score
      from sc
      group by sid
      having count(if(score ＜ 60，cid,null) ＞= 2)t1
left join student
on t1.sid = student.sid

15、检索 "01" 课程分数小于 60 ，按分数降序排列的学生信息

select *
from sc
where cid = '01' and score ＜ 60
order by score desc

16、按平均成绩从高到低显示所有学生的平均成绩

select sid,avg(score)
from sc
group by sid
order by avg(score) desc

17、查询各科成绩最高分、最低分和平均分：以如下形式显示：课程 ID ，课程 name ，最高分，最低分，平均分，及格率

select sc.cid,cname
       max(score) as max_score,
       min(score) as min_score,
       avg(score) as avg_score,
       count(if(score ＞= 60,sid,null)/count(sid) as pass_rate
from sc
left join course
on sc.cid = course.cid
group by sc.cid

18、按各科平均成绩从低到高和及格率的百分数从高到低顺序

select cid,avg(score) as avg_score,
       count(if(score ＞=60,sid,null)/count(sid) as pass_rate
from sc
group by cid
order by avg_score,pass_rate desc

19、查询学生的总成绩并进行排名

select sid,sum(score) as sum_score
from sc
group by sid
order by sum_score desc

20、查询不同老师所教不同课程平均分从高到低显示

select tid,avg(score) as avg_score
from course
left join sc
on course.cid = sc.cid
group by tid
order by avg_acore desc

21、查询所有课程的成绩第 2 名到第 3 名的学生信息及该课程成绩

select sid,rank_num,score,cid
from (select rank() over (partition by cid order by score desc) as rank_num,
      sid,score,cid
      from sc)t
where rank_num in (2,3)

22、统计各科成绩各分数段人数：课程编号课程名称 ,[100 85],[85 70],[70 60],[0 60] 及所占百分比

select sc.cid,cname,
       count(if(score between 85 and 100,sid,null)/count(sid),
       count(if(score between 70 and 85,sid,null)/count(sid),
       count(if(score between 60 and 70,sid,null)/count(sid),
       count(if(score between 0 and 60,sid,null)/count(sid)
from sc
left join course
on sc.cid = course.cid
group by sc.cid,cname

23、查询学生平均成绩及其名次

select sid,avg_score,rank() over (order by avg_score desc)
from (select sid,avg(score) as avg_score
from sc
group by sid)t

24、查询各科成绩前三名的记录

select sid,cid,rank1
from (select cid,sid,rank() over(partition by cid order by score desc) as rank1
      from sc)t
where rank1 ＜=3

25、查询每门课程被选修的学生数

select count(sid),cid
from sc
group by cid

26、查询出只选修了一门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

select * from
(select sid
from sc
group by sid
having count(cid)=1)t1
inner join (select sid,sname from student)t2
on t1.sid = t2.sid

27、查询男生、女生人数

select ssex,count(distinct sid)
from student
group by ssex

28、查询名字中含有风字的学生信息

select sid,sname
from student
where sname like '%风%'

29、查询 1990 年出生的学生名单注： Student 表中 Sage 列的类型是 datetime)

select sid,sname,sage
from student
where year(sage)=1990

30、查询每门课程的平均成绩，结果按平均成绩升序排列，平均成绩相同时，按课程号降序排列

select cid,avg(score) as avg_score
from sc
group by cid
order by avg_score,cid desc

31、查询课程名称为数学，且分数低于60的学生姓名和分数

select s.sid,s.score,st.sname from score as s
inner join course as c on s.cid=c.cid
inner join student as st on s.sid=st.sid
where c.cname='数学' and s.score＜60

32、查询所有学生的课程及分数情况

select s.*,c.cname,
max(case when c.cname='数学' then s.score else null end)as '数学',
max(case when c.cname='语文' then s.score else null end)as '语文',
max(case when c.cname='英语' then s.score else null end)as '英语'
from score as s
inner join course as c on s.cid=c.cid
inner join student as st on s.sid=st.sid
group by st.sid,st.sname

33、查询课程成绩在70分以上课程名称，分数和学生姓名

select c.cname,s.score,c.cname,s.score from score as s
inner join course as c on s.cid=c.cid
inner join student as t on s.sid=t.sid
where s.score＞70

34、查询不及格的课程，并按课程号从大到小排列

select s.sid,st.sname,c.cid,c.cname,s.score
from score as s
inner join course as c on s.cid=c.cid
inner join student as st on s.sid=st.sid
where s.score ＜ 60
order by c.cid desc

35、查询课程编号为'01'课程成绩在60分以上的学生的学号和姓名

select sid,cid,score
from sc
where cid = '01' and score ＞ 60

36、求每门课程的学生人数

select c.cid.c.cname,count(distinct sid)from score
inner join course as c on c.cid=s.cid
group by c.cid,c.cname

37、查询选修张三老师所授课程的学生中，成绩最高的学生姓名及其成绩

select sc.sid,sname,cname,score
from sc
left join course 
on sc.cid=course.cid
left join teacher
on course.tid=teacher.tid
left join student
on sc.sid=student.sid
where tname='张三'
order by score desc
limit 1

38、查询不同课程成绩相同的学生的学生编号，课程编号，学生成绩

select sid from
(select b.sid,b.score from score as b
inner join
(select sid from score
group by sid having count(distinct cid)＞1) as c
on b.sid=c.sid
group by b.sid,b.score)as a
group by sid having count(sid)=1

39、查询每门功课成绩最好的前两名

select cid,sid,rank1
from(select cid,sid,rank() over(partition by cid order by score desc) as rank1
     from sc)t
where rank1 ＜=2

40、统计每门功课的学生选修人数（超过5人的课程才统计）。要求输出课程号和选修人数，查询结果按人数降序排列，若人数相同，按课程号升序排列

select cid,count(sid) as cnt
from sc
group by cid
having cnt＞=5
order by count(sid) desc,cid

41、检索至少选修两门课程的学生学号

select sid,count(cid)
from sc
group by sid
having count(cid)＞=2

42、查询选修了全部课程的学生信息

select sid,count(cid)
from sc
group by sid
having count(cid)=(select count(distinct cid) from sc)

43、查询各学生的年龄

select sid,sname,year(curdate())-year(sage) as sage
from student

44、查询本周过生日的学生

select sid,sname,sage
from student
where weekofyear(sage)=weekofyear(curdate())

45、查询下周过生日的学生

select sid,sname,sage
from student
where weekofyear(sage) = weekofyear(date_add(curdate(),interval 1 week)

46、查询本月过生日的学生

select sid,sname,sage
from student
where month(sage)=month(curdate())

47、查询下月过生日的学生

select sid,sname,sage
from student
where month(date_sub(sage,interval 1 month))=month(curdate())

48、求每门课程的学生人数

select c.cid,count(distinct sid)from score as s
inner join course as c on c.cid=s.cid
group by c.cid,c.cname

49、查询课程编号为02的总成绩

select sum(score),avg(score),count(score),count(distinct sid) from score
where cid = '02'

50、查询出只有两门课程的全部学生的学号和姓名

select sid,sname from student
where sid in
(select sid from score
group by sid having count(distinct cid)=2)

51、查询平均成绩大于85分的所有学生的学号，姓名和平均成绩

select a.sid,a.sname,b.avg_score from student as a
inner join
(select sid,avg(score) as avg_score from score
group by sid having avg_score ＞=85）as b
on a.sid=b.sid