import math
import time
import torch
# 绘图
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
# 读取数据
import gzip
import csv
from torch.nn.utils.rnn import pack_padded_sequence
from torch.utils.data import Dataset, DataLoader
# ------------0 parameters-------------#
HIDDEN_SIZE = 100
BATCH_SIZE = 256
N_LAYER = 2
N_EPOCHS = 100
N_CHARS = 128 # 字典长度
USE_GPU = True # 使用GPU
# ---------------------1 Preparing Data and DataLoad-------------------------------#
class NameDataset(Dataset):
def __init__(self, is_train_set=True):
# 注意务必在路径前加上../,不然会提示找不到,RNN替换为自己的Python文件夹名
filename = '../RNN/names_train.csv.gz' if is_train_set else '../RNN/names_test.csv.gz'
# 访问数据集,使用gzip和csv包
with gzip.open(filename, 'rt') as f:
reader = csv.reader(f)
rows = list(reader) # 按行读取(names,countries)
self.names = [row[0] for row in rows]
self.len = len(self.names)
self.countries = [row[1] for row in rows]
self.country_list = list(sorted(set(self.countries))) # set:去除重复,sorted:排序,list:转换为列表
self.country_dict = self.getCountryDict()
self.country_num = len(self.country_list)
def __getitem__(self, index):
return self.names[index], self.country_dict[self.countries[index]]
# 取出的names是字符串,country_dict是索引
def __len__(self):
return self.len
def getCountryDict(self): # Convert list into dictionary.
country_dict = dict()
for idx, country_name in enumerate(self.country_list, 0):
country_dict[country_name] = idx
return country_dict
def idx2country(self, index): # Return country name giving index.
return self.country_list[index]
def getCountriesNum(self): # Return the number of countries.
return self.country_num
# DataLoade
trainset = NameDataset(is_train_set=True)
trainloader = DataLoader(trainset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=True)
testset = NameDataset(is_train_set=False)
testloader = DataLoader(testset, batch_size=BATCH_SIZE, shuffle=False)
N_COUNTRY = trainset.getCountriesNum()
# ------------------------------Design Model-----------------------------------#
def create_tensor(tensor):
if USE_GPU:
device = torch.device("cuda:0")
tensor = tensor.to(device)
return tensor
class RNNClassifier(torch.nn.Module):
def __init__(self, input_size, hidden_size, output_size, n_layers=1, bidirectional=True):
super(RNNClassifier, self).__init__()
self.hidden_size = hidden_size
self.n_layers = n_layers
self.n_directions = 2 if bidirectional else 1 # bidirectional,双向循环神经网络
self.embedding = torch.nn.Embedding(input_size, hidden_size)
self.gru = torch.nn.GRU(hidden_size, hidden_size, n_layers, bidirectional=bidirectional)
self.fc = torch.nn.Linear(hidden_size * self.n_directions, output_size)
def _init_hidden(self, batch_size):
hidden = torch.zeros(self.n_layers * self.n_directions, batch_size, self.hidden_size)
return create_tensor(hidden)
def forward(self, input, seq_lengths):
input = input.t() # 转置 t -> transpose: input shape : B x S -> S x B
batch_size = input.size(1)
hidden = self._init_hidden(batch_size) # h0
embedding = self.embedding(input) # (seqLen,batchSize,hiddenSize)
# PackedSquence:把为0的填充量去除,把每个样本的长度记录下来,按长度排序后拼接在一起
# 此处参数由seq_lengths修改为seq_lengths.cpu(),不然会报错
gru_input = pack_padded_sequence(embedding, seq_lengths.cpu())
output, hidden = self.gru(gru_input, hidden)
if self.n_directions == 2: # 双向循环神经网络有两个hidden
hidden_cat = torch.cat([hidden[-1], hidden[-2]], dim=1)
else:
hidden_cat = hidden[-1]
fc_output = self.fc(hidden_cat)
return fc_output
classifier = RNNClassifier(N_CHARS, HIDDEN_SIZE, N_COUNTRY, N_LAYER)
#----------------------3 Construct Loss and Optimizer------------------------------------#
criterion = torch.nn.CrossEntropyLoss()
optimizer = torch.optim.Adam(classifier.parameters(), lr=0.001)
#-----------------------------------4 Train and Test----------------------------------------------------#
def time_since(since):
s = time.time() - since
m = math.floor(s / 60)
s -= m * 60
return '%dm %ds' % (m, s)
def name2list(name):
arr = [ord(c) for c in name] # 返回对应字符的 ASCII 数值
return arr, len(arr) # 返回元组,列表本身和列表长度
def make_tensors(names, countries):
sequences_and_lengths = [name2list(name) for name in names]
name_sequences = [sl[0] for sl in sequences_and_lengths]
seq_lengths = torch.LongTensor([sl[1] for sl in sequences_and_lengths])
countries = countries.long() # countries:国家索引
# make tensor of name, BatchSize x SeqLen
seq_tensor = torch.zeros(len(name_sequences), seq_lengths.max()).long()
for idx, (seq, seq_len) in enumerate(zip(name_sequences, seq_lengths), 0):
seq_tensor[idx, :seq_len] = torch.LongTensor(seq)
# 先制作一个全0的tensor,然后将名字贴在上面
# 排序,sort by length to use pack_padded_sequence
seq_lengths, perm_idx = seq_lengths.sort(dim=0, descending=True)
# sort返回两个值,seq_lengths:排完序后的序列(未padding),perm_idx:排完序后对应元素的索引
seq_tensor = seq_tensor[perm_idx] # 排序(已padding)
countries = countries[perm_idx] # 排序(标签)
return create_tensor(seq_tensor), create_tensor(seq_lengths), create_tensor(countries)
def trainModel():
total_loss = 0
for i, (names, countries) in enumerate(trainloader, 1):
inputs, seq_lengths, target = make_tensors(names, countries) # make_tensors
output = classifier(inputs, seq_lengths)
loss = criterion(output, target)
optimizer.zero_grad()
loss.backward()
optimizer.step()
total_loss += loss.item()
if i % 10 == 0:
print(f'[{time_since(start)}] Epoch {epoch} ', end='')
print(f'[{i * len(inputs)}/{len(trainset)}] ', end='')
print(f'loss={total_loss / (i * len(inputs))}')
return total_loss
def testModel():
correct = 0
total = len(testset)
print("evaluating trained model ...")
with torch.no_grad():
for i, (names, countries) in enumerate(testloader, 1):
inputs, seq_lengths, target = make_tensors(names, countries) # make_tensors
output = classifier(inputs, seq_lengths)
pred = output.max(dim=1, keepdim=True)[1]
correct += pred.eq(target.view_as(pred)).sum().item()
percent = '%.2f' % (100 * correct / total)
print(f'Test set: Accuracy {correct}/{total} {percent}%')
return correct / total
if __name__ == '__main__':
if USE_GPU:
device = torch.device("cuda:0")
classifier.to(device)
start = time.time()
print("Training for %d epochs..." % N_EPOCHS)
acc_list = []
# Train cycle,In every epoch, training and testing the model once.
for epoch in range(1, N_EPOCHS + 1):
trainModel()
acc = testModel()
acc_list.append(acc)
print("现在是第"+str(epoch)+"轮")
# 绘图
epoch = np.arange(1, len(acc_list) + 1, 1)
acc_list = np.array(acc_list)
plt.plot(epoch, acc_list)
plt.xlabel('Epoch')
plt.ylabel('Accuracy')
plt.grid()
plt.show()
Pytorch深度学习实践第十三讲 循环神经网络(高级篇)
最新推荐文章于 2024-05-31 16:14:40 发布