Oracle数据库LONG类型字段的完整C代码操作(CREATE INSERT SELECT DROP)之三--单纯SELECT

本次将完成LONG类型字段的简单SELECT操作。

一、本次目标

查询表CAT_1中的一行数据（1，‘AAA...(共计5000个A)...AAA’）

附：

建表语句：CREATE TABLE CAT_1 (ID NUMBER, CATNAME LONG);

(建表程序参见：https://blog.csdn.net/have_a_cat/article/details/122423884)

(插入数据参见：https://blog.csdn.net/have_a_cat/article/details/122424181)

二、程序结构及重点说明

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三、完整代码

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/*
  OCI demo program for accessing LONG.

  table 
     CAT_1 (ID NUMBER, CATNAME LONG);
*/

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <oci.h>

#define DATA_SIZE 5000

typedef struct cdemol2lctx
{
  OCIEnv *envhp;
  OCIServer *srvhp;
  OCISvcCtx *svchp;
  OCIError *errhp;
  OCISession *authp;
  OCIStmt *stmthp;
} cdemol2lctx;


/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     PRIVATE TYPES AND CONSTANTS
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static text *username = (text *) "c##fang";
static text *password = (text *) "fang";

/*---------------------------------------------------------------------------
                     STATIC FUNCTION DECLARATIONS
  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
static void initialize(cdemol2lctx *ctxptr);
static void cleanup(cdemol2lctx *ctxptr);
static void checkerr(/*_ OCIError *errhp, sword status _*/);
static void sql_stmt_execute(/*_ cdemol2lctx *ctxptx, text *sql_stmt _*/);
static void sql_exec_select(/*_ cdemol2lctx *ctxptx _*/);
int main(/*_ int argc, char *argv[] _*/);


int main(argc, argv)
int argc;
char *argv[];
{
  cdemol2lctx ctx;
  printf("\n ######## start DEMO program ############ \n");

  initialize(&ctx);

  sql_exec_select(&ctx); /*simple select using LONG api*/
 
  /* clean things up before exhit */
  cleanup(&ctx);

  return 1;

} /*end main*/

/*perform simple select using LONG API */
void sql_exec_select(ctxptr)
cdemol2lctx *ctxptr;
{ 
  text *sel_stmt1 = (text *)"SELECT * FROM CAT_1 ORDER BY ID";
  OCIDefine *defnp1 = (OCIDefine *) NULL;
  OCIDefine *defnp2 = (OCIDefine *) NULL;

  sword  id;
  char col2[DATA_SIZE];
  ub2 col2len;
 
  checkerr(ctxptr->errhp, OCIStmtPrepare(ctxptr->stmthp, ctxptr->errhp, 
                          sel_stmt1, (ub4) strlen((char *)sel_stmt1), 
                          (ub4) OCI_NTV_SYNTAX, (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT));

  printf("\nBEGINING SIMPLE SELECT OF CAT_1... \n");

  checkerr(ctxptr->errhp,OCIDefineByPos(ctxptr->stmthp, &defnp1,
                         ctxptr->errhp, (ub4) 1, (dvoid*) &id, 
                         (sb4) sizeof(id), (ub2)SQLT_INT, (dvoid*) 0, 
                         (ub2 *) 0, (ub2 *) 0, OCI_DEFAULT));

  checkerr(ctxptr->errhp, OCIDefineByPos(ctxptr->stmthp, &defnp2, 
                          ctxptr->errhp, (ub4) 2, (dvoid *) col2, 
                          (sb4) sizeof(col2), (ub2)SQLT_CHR, (dvoid *)0, 
                          (ub2 *)&col2len, (ub2 *)0, (ub4)OCI_DEFAULT));

  checkerr(ctxptr->errhp, OCIStmtExecute(ctxptr->svchp,
                          ctxptr->stmthp,
                          ctxptr->errhp, (ub4) 1, (ub4)0,
                          (OCISnapshot *) NULL, (OCISnapshot *) NULL,
                          OCI_DEFAULT)); 
                
  printf("id = %d\n", id);
  printf("col2len = %d\n", col2len);
  printf("col2 = %s\n", col2);
} /* end of sql_stmt_execute() */


/*initialize envionment and handler*/
void initialize(ctxptr)
cdemol2lctx *ctxptr;
{

  if (OCIEnvCreate((OCIEnv **) &ctxptr->envhp,
                   (ub4)OCI_THREADED|OCI_OBJECT, (dvoid *)0,
                    (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, size_t)) 0,
                   (dvoid * (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *, size_t))0,
                   (void (*)(dvoid *, dvoid *)) 0,
                   (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0 ))
    printf("FAILED: OCIEnvCreate()\n");


  printf("\n ######## Connect to server ############# \n");

  if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) ctxptr->envhp,
                     (dvoid **) &ctxptr->errhp,
                     (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_ERROR, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0))
    printf("FAILED: OCIHandleAlloc() on ctxptr->errhp\n");

  if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) ctxptr->envhp,
                     (dvoid **) &ctxptr->srvhp,
                     (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SERVER, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0))
    printf("FAILED: OCIHandleAlloc() on ctxptr->srvhp\n");

  if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) ctxptr->envhp,
                     (dvoid **) &ctxptr->svchp,
                     (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0))
    printf("FAILED: OCIHandleAlloc() on ctxptr->svchp\n");

  if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *) ctxptr->envhp,
                     (dvoid **) &ctxptr->authp,
                     (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SESSION, (size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0))
    printf("FAILED: OCIHandleAlloc() on ctxptr->authp\n");

  if (OCIServerAttach(ctxptr->srvhp, ctxptr->errhp,
                      (text *) "", (sb4) strlen((char *) ""),
                      (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT))
    printf("FAILED: OCIServerAttach()\n");

  if (OCIAttrSet((dvoid *) ctxptr->svchp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,
                 (dvoid *) ctxptr->srvhp, (ub4) 0,
                 (ub4) OCI_ATTR_SERVER, ctxptr->errhp))
    printf("FAILED: OCIAttrSet() server attribute\n");
  
  /*begin log_on part */
  if (OCIAttrSet((dvoid *) ctxptr->authp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,
                 (dvoid *) username, (ub4) strlen((char *) username),
                 (ub4) OCI_ATTR_USERNAME, ctxptr->errhp))
    printf("FAILED: OCIAttrSet() userid\n");

  if (OCIAttrSet((dvoid *) ctxptr->authp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SESSION,
                 (dvoid *) password, (ub4) strlen((char *) password),
                 (ub4) OCI_ATTR_PASSWORD, ctxptr->errhp))
    printf("FAILED: OCIAttrSet() passwd\n");
      
  printf("Logging on as %s  ....\n", username);
  
  checkerr(ctxptr->errhp, OCISessionBegin((dvoid *)ctxptr->svchp,
                        ctxptr->errhp, ctxptr->authp,
                       (ub4) OCI_CRED_RDBMS,(ub4) OCI_DEFAULT ));
    
  printf("%s logged on.\n", username);
                 
  if (OCIAttrSet((dvoid *) ctxptr->svchp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX,
             (dvoid *) ctxptr->authp, (ub4) 0, (ub4) OCI_ATTR_SESSION, 
             ctxptr->errhp))
    printf("FAILED: OCIAttrSet() session\n");
  /* end log_on part */

  /* alocate stmt handle for sql queries */
  
  if (OCIHandleAlloc((dvoid *)ctxptr->envhp, (dvoid **) &ctxptr->stmthp,
                   (ub4)OCI_HTYPE_STMT, (CONST size_t) 0, (dvoid **) 0))
    printf("FAILED: alloc statement handle\n");

} /* end initialize() */


/*check status and print error information*/
void checkerr(errhp, status)
OCIError *errhp;
sword status;
{
  text errbuf[512];
  sb4 errcode = 0;

  switch (status)
  {
  case OCI_SUCCESS:
    break;
  case OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_SUCCESS_WITH_INFO\n");
    break;
  case OCI_NEED_DATA:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_NEED_DATA\n");
    break;
  case OCI_NO_DATA:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_NODATA\n");
    break;
  case OCI_ERROR:
    (void) OCIErrorGet((dvoid *)errhp, (ub4) 1, (text *) NULL, &errcode,
                        errbuf, (ub4) sizeof(errbuf), OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);
    (void) printf("Error - %.*s\n", 512, errbuf);
    break;
  case OCI_INVALID_HANDLE:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_INVALID_HANDLE\n");
    break;
  case OCI_STILL_EXECUTING:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_STILL_EXECUTE\n");
    break;
  case OCI_CONTINUE:
    (void) printf("Error - OCI_CONTINUE\n");
    break;
  default:
    break;
  }
} /* end checkerr() */


/*clean up envionment*/
void cleanup(ctxptr)
cdemol2lctx *ctxptr;
{
  printf("\n ########## clean up ############ \n");

  if (OCISessionEnd(ctxptr->svchp, ctxptr->errhp, 
                      ctxptr->authp, (ub4) 0))
    printf("FAILED: OCISessionEnd()\n");

  printf("%s Logged off.\n", username);

  if (OCIServerDetach(ctxptr->srvhp, ctxptr->errhp,
                   (ub4) OCI_DEFAULT))
    printf("FAILED: OCIServerDetach()\n");

  printf("Detached from server.\n");
  
  printf("Freeing handles ...\n");
  if (ctxptr->stmthp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->stmthp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_STMT);
  if (ctxptr->errhp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->errhp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_ERROR);   
  if (ctxptr->srvhp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->srvhp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SERVER);
  if (ctxptr->svchp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->svchp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SVCCTX);
  if (ctxptr->authp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->authp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_SESSION);
  if (ctxptr->envhp)
    OCIHandleFree((dvoid *) ctxptr->envhp, (ub4) OCI_HTYPE_ENV);

} /* end cleanup() */


/* end of file */

四、编译及运行

4.1 将long_simple_select.c放入自己的目录下

 

4.2 编译

gcc long_simple_select.c -o long_simple_select -I $ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/public -L $ORACLE_HOME/lib -l clntsh

 

4.3 运行

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./long_simple_select

由上图可以看到，读取出了每列的内容

五、可下载的代码包（懒人福音）

可通过下面的链接，免费下载有猫彬为你准备的代码包（已编译好，可直接运行，内含编译

运行命令，直接复制粘贴即可）

https://download.csdn.net/download/have_a_cat/75369998https://download.csdn.net/download/have_a_cat/75369998

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