最小 Docker 镜像 hello-world 剖析

开始学习 Docker 的同学基本上都是按照官方的 guide 来安装，之后要测试是否已经安装成功，官方会让你 pull 一个 hello-world 示例镜像下来并运行，如下命令：

 guohl@ghl-MBP ⮀ ~ ⮀ docker pull hello-world
31cbccb51277: Pull complete
e45a5af57b00: Pull complete
511136ea3c5a: Already exists
hello-world:latest: The image you are pulling has been verified. Important: image verification is a tech preview feature and should not be relied on to provide security.
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest

guohl@ghl-MBP ⮀ ~ ⮀ docker run hello-world
Hello from Docker.
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.

To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
 1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
 2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
    (Assuming it was not already locally available.)
 3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
    executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
 4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
    to your terminal.

To try something more ambitious, you c