C# 少量字符串链接方法及测试（3）+=与StringBuilder

测试方法

1. 使用+= 和StringBuilder 分别链接字符串10次，100次，1000次，100000次并计时
2. 使用 指定 capacity 和未指定capacity分别构造string builder 并循环10000000次
3. 测试环境为VS2017

结论

1. 处理大量的字符串链接时，超过1000，string builder快。+= 的消耗是非线性的。
2. 处理少量字符串链接时，1000以内，不在意性能的情况下可以使用+=。
3. 当字符串超过16个以后，构建指定缓存区大小的string builder来链接字符串要快一些。

测试1
- Link strings by +=
- Total 10
- 1 += 0ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 100
- 1 += 0ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 1000
- 1 += 13ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 10000
- 1 += 301ms
- 2 StringBuilder 2ms
- Total 100000
- 1 += 69806ms
- 2 StringBuilder 21ms

测试2
- Link strings by +=
- Total 10
- 1 += 0ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 100
- 1 += 0ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 1000
- 1 += 11ms
- 2 StringBuilder 0ms
- Total 10000
- 1 += 166ms
- 2 StringBuilder 1ms
- Total 100000
- 1 += 43162ms
- 2 StringBuilder 12ms

测试3
- String builder with default creator: 1895ms
- String builder with capacity creator: 535ms
- String builder with default creator: 1823ms
- String builder with capacity creator: 577ms

Code1

            var str = "+= i:0";
            var sw = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();
            Console.WriteLine("Link strings by +=");
            for (var total = 10; total < 1000000; total *= 10)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("Total " + total.ToString());
                sw.Reset();
                sw.Start();
                for (int i = 1; i < total; i++)
                {
                    str += ", i:" + i.ToString();
                }

                sw.Stop();
                Console.WriteLine("1 += " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");

                var builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder();
                builder.Append("+= i:0");
                sw.Reset();
                sw.Start();
                for (int i = 1; i < total; i++)
                {
                    builder.Append(", i:");
                    builder.Append(i.ToString());
                }

                str = builder.ToString();
                sw.Stop();
                Console.WriteLine("2 StringBuilder " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");

Code2

            var sw = new System.Diagnostics.Stopwatch();

            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (var total = 10; total < 10000000; total++)
            {
                var builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder(); // 默认为缓冲16
                builder.Append("string 1, length : 21");       // 创建32的缓冲区，并把原来的copy过来
                builder.Append("string 2, length : 21");       // 创建64的缓冲区，并把原来的copy过来
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("String builder with default  creator: " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");

            sw.Reset();
            sw.Start();
            for (var total = 10; total < 10000000; total++)
            {
                var builder = new System.Text.StringBuilder(64);  // 直接创建64的缓冲区
                builder.Append("string 1, length : 21");
                builder.Append("string 2, length : 21");
            }

            sw.Stop();
            Console.WriteLine("String builder with capacity creator: " + sw.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms");