ContentProvider往通讯录添加联系人和获取联系人

在Android中，可以使用ContentResolver对通信录中的数据进行添加、删除、修改和查询操作。

在对联系人进行操作时需加入以下两个权限  

<!-- 添加操作联系人的权限 -->
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />
<!-- 联系人相关的uri -->
content://com.android.contacts/contacts 操作的数据是联系人信息Uri
content://com.android.contacts/data/phones 联系人电话Uri
content://com.android.contacts/data/emails 联系人Email Uri            

一、清单文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    package="com.ljq.contact" android:versionCode="1"
    android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon"
        android:label="@string/app_name">
        <uses-library android:name="android.test.runner" />
        <activity android:name=".ContactActivity"
            android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category
                    android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="7" />
    <instrumentation
        android:name="android.test.InstrumentationTestRunner"
        android:targetPackage="com.ljq.contact"
        android:label="Tests for My App" />
    <!-- 添加联系人权限 -->
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_CONTACTS" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_CONTACTS" />

</manifest>

获取联系人和添加联系人

package com.ljq.contact;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import android.content.ContentProviderOperation;
import android.content.ContentProviderResult;
import android.content.ContentResolver;
import android.content.ContentUris;
import android.content.ContentValues;
import android.database.Cursor;
import android.net.Uri;
import android.provider.ContactsContract;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.Data;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.RawContacts;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone;
import android.provider.ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.StructuredName;
import android.test.AndroidTestCase;
import android.util.Log;

public class ContactTest extends AndroidTestCase{
    private static final String TAG = "ContactTest";
    
    /**
     * 获取通讯录中联系人
     */
    public void testGetContact(){
        ContentResolver contentResolver = this.getContext().getContentResolver();
        Uri uri = Uri.parse("content://com.android.contacts/contacts");
        Cursor cursor = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);
        while(cursor.moveToNext()){
            // 获取联系人姓名
            StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
            String contactId = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts._ID));  
            String name = cursor.getString(cursor.getColumnIndex(ContactsContract.Contacts.DISPLAY_NAME)); 
            sb.append("contactId=").append(contactId).append(",name=").append(name);
            
            //获取联系人手机号码
            Cursor phones = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTENT_URI,  
                    null,  
                    ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Phone.CONTACT_ID +" = "+ contactId,  
                    null, null);  
            while(phones.moveToNext()){
                String phone = phones.getString(phones.getColumnIndex("data1")); 
                sb.append(",phone=").append(phone);
            }
            
            //获取联系人email
            Cursor emails = contentResolver.query(ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTENT_URI,  
                       null,  
                       ContactsContract.CommonDataKinds.Email.CONTACT_ID + " = " + contactId,  
                       null, null); 
            while(emails.moveToNext()){
                String email = emails.getString(emails.getColumnIndex("data1")); 
                sb.append(",email=").append(email);
            }
            Log.i(TAG, sb.toString());
        }
    }

    /**
     * 首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId 
     * 
     * 这是后面插入data表的数据，只有执行空值插入，才能使插入的联系人在通讯录里可见
     */
    public void testInsert(){
        ContentValues values = new ContentValues();
        //首先向RawContacts.CONTENT_URI执行一个空值插入，目的是获取系统返回的rawContactId
        Uri rawContactUri = this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI, values);
        long rawContactId = ContentUris.parseId(rawContactUri);
        
        //往data表入姓名数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        values.put(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "zhangsan");
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
                android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
        
        //往data表入电话数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        values.put(Phone.NUMBER, "5554");
        values.put(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE);
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
                android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);

        //往data表入Email数据
        values.clear();
        values.put(android.provider.ContactsContract.Contacts.Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactId);
        values.put(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE);
        values.put(Email.DATA, "ljq218@126.com");
        values.put(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK);
        this.getContext().getContentResolver().insert(
                android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI, values);
    }
    
    /**
     * 批量添加联系人，处于同一个事务中
     */
    public void testSave() throws Throwable{
        //文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.RawContacts.html
        ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation> ops = new ArrayList<ContentProviderOperation>();
        int rawContactInsertIndex = 0;
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(RawContacts.CONTENT_URI)
                .withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_TYPE, null)
                .withValue(RawContacts.ACCOUNT_NAME, null)
                .build());
        
        //文档位置：reference\android\provider\ContactsContract.Data.html
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, StructuredName.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                .withValue(StructuredName.GIVEN_NAME, "lisi")
                .build());
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                 .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Phone.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                 .withValue(Phone.NUMBER, "5556")
                 .withValue(Phone.TYPE, Phone.TYPE_MOBILE)
                 .withValue(Phone.LABEL, "")
                 .build());
        ops.add(ContentProviderOperation.newInsert(android.provider.ContactsContract.Data.CONTENT_URI)
                 .withValueBackReference(Data.RAW_CONTACT_ID, rawContactInsertIndex)
                 .withValue(Data.MIMETYPE, Email.CONTENT_ITEM_TYPE)
                 .withValue(Email.DATA, "lisi@126.cn")
                 .withValue(Email.TYPE, Email.TYPE_WORK)
                 .build());
        
        ContentProviderResult[] results = this.getContext()
                .getContentResolver().applyBatch(ContactsContract.AUTHORITY,ops);
        for (ContentProviderResult result : results) {
            Log.i(TAG, result.uri.toString());
        }
    }
    
}