UI⑥FrameworkElement族控件Viewport3D

Object->DispatcherObject->DependencyObject->Visual->UIElement->FrameworkElement->Viewport3D

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Viewport3D

呈现 Viewport3D 元素的 2-D 布局范围内包含的 3-D 内容。

Viewport3D元素呈现三维内容，同时提供与 FrameworkElement 对象（包括二维布局、剪辑和输入事件）一致的功能。

当将此元素作为诸如Canvas之类的布局元素的内容包括在内时，通过设置Viewport3D的Height和Width属性（从FrameworkElement继承）来指定Viewport3D的大小。

Viewport3D通过将2-D命中测试点扩展到3-D射线中，将2-D命中测试扩展到3-D场景中。调用HitTest方法以返回有关命中视觉，模型，网格和相交点的详细命中结果信息。

在Microsoft Windows XP上，如果显示颜色质量未设置为32位或16位，则Viewport3D可能无法按预期方式呈现。

字段

名称	备注	权限
CameraProperty	标识 Camera 依赖项属性。	public static readonly
ChildrenProperty	标识 Children 依赖项属性。	public static readonly

属性

名称	备注	权限
Camera	获取或设置将的三维内容投影到的二维图面的照相机对象 Viewport3D Viewport3D 。	get; set;
Children	获取 Viewport3D 的 Visual3D 子集合。	get;
VisualChildrenCount	获取一个整数，该整数表示 Visual 的 Children 集合中 Visual3D 对象的数目。	get;

方法

名称	备注	权限
ArrangeOverride	使 Viewport3D 排列其可视内容以适应指定大小。	protected
GetVisualChild	获取位于 Visual 的 Children 集合中指定位置的 Viewport3D。	protected
OnCreateAutomationPeer	为此 Viewport3DAutomationPeer 创建并返回一个 Viewport3D 对象。	protected

接口

名称	备注
IAddChild.AddChild	void IAddChild.AddChild (object value);
IAddChild.AddText	void IAddChild.AddText (string text);

 

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微软XAML范例

<Window x:Class="Viewport3D.MainWindow"
        xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
        xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
        xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008"
        xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006"
        xmlns:local="clr-namespace:Viewport3D"
        mc:Ignorable="d"
        Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800">
    <Viewbox>
        <!-- The Viewport3D provides a rendering surface for 3-D visual content. -->
            <Viewport3D ClipToBounds="True" Width="150" Height="150" Canvas.Left="0" Canvas.Top="10">

                <!-- Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. -->
                <Viewport3D.Camera>
                    <PerspectiveCamera Position="0,0,2" LookDirection="0,0,-1" FieldOfView="60" />
                </Viewport3D.Camera>

                <!-- The ModelVisual3D children contain the 3D models -->
                <Viewport3D.Children>

                    <!-- This ModelVisual3D defines the light cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D 
                 object cannot be seen. Also, the direction of the lights affect shadowing. If desired,
                 you can create multiple lights with different colors that shine from different directions. -->
                    <ModelVisual3D>
                        <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                            <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFF" Direction="-0.612372,-0.5,-0.612372" />
                        </ModelVisual3D.Content>
                    </ModelVisual3D>
                    <ModelVisual3D>
                        <ModelVisual3D.Content>
                            <GeometryModel3D>

                                <!-- The geometry specifies the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet is created. -->
                                <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                                    <MeshGeometry3D
                     TriangleIndices="0,1,2 3,4,5 "
                     Normals="0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 0,0,1 "
                     TextureCoordinates="0,0 1,0 1,1 1,1 0,1 0,0 "
                     Positions="-0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,-0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,0.5,0.5 -0.5,-0.5,0.5 " />
                                </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                                <!-- The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a linear gradient 
                       covers the surface of the 3D object.-->
                                <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                                    <MaterialGroup>
                                        <DiffuseMaterial>
                                            <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                                                <LinearGradientBrush StartPoint="0,0.5" EndPoint="1,0.5">
                                                    <LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                                                        <GradientStop Color="Yellow" Offset="0" />
                                                        <GradientStop Color="Red" Offset="0.25" />
                                                        <GradientStop Color="Blue" Offset="0.75" />
                                                        <GradientStop Color="LimeGreen" Offset="1" />
                                                    </LinearGradientBrush.GradientStops>
                                                </LinearGradientBrush>
                                            </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                                        </DiffuseMaterial>
                                    </MaterialGroup>
                                </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                                <!-- Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied, rendering the 
                       3D object rotated. -->
                                <GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                                    <RotateTransform3D>
                                        <RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                                            <AxisAngleRotation3D Axis="0,3,0" Angle="40" />
                                        </RotateTransform3D.Rotation>
                                    </RotateTransform3D>
                                </GeometryModel3D.Transform>
                            </GeometryModel3D>
                        </ModelVisual3D.Content>
                    </ModelVisual3D>
                </Viewport3D.Children>
            </Viewport3D>
    </Viewbox>
</Window>

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Viewport3D
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();

        }
    }
}

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微软C#范例

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows;
using System.Windows.Controls;
using System.Windows.Data;
using System.Windows.Documents;
using System.Windows.Input;
using System.Windows.Media;
using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;
using System.Windows.Media.Media3D;
using System.Windows.Navigation;
using System.Windows.Shapes;

namespace Viewport3D
{
    /// <summary>
    /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑
    /// </summary>
    public partial class MainWindow : Window
    {
        public MainWindow()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            // Declare scene objects.
            System.Windows.Controls.Viewport3D myViewport3D = new System.Windows.Controls.Viewport3D();
            Model3DGroup myModel3DGroup = new Model3DGroup();
            GeometryModel3D myGeometryModel = new GeometryModel3D();
            ModelVisual3D myModelVisual3D = new ModelVisual3D();
            // Defines the camera used to view the 3D object. In order to view the 3D object,
            // the camera must be positioned and pointed such that the object is within view
            // of the camera.
            PerspectiveCamera myPCamera = new PerspectiveCamera();

            // Specify where in the 3D scene the camera is.
            myPCamera.Position = new Point3D(0, 0, 2);

            // Specify the direction that the camera is pointing.
            myPCamera.LookDirection = new Vector3D(0, 0, -1);

            // Define camera's horizontal field of view in degrees.
            myPCamera.FieldOfView = 60;

            // Asign the camera to the viewport
            myViewport3D.Camera = myPCamera;
            // Define the lights cast in the scene. Without light, the 3D object cannot
            // be seen. Note: to illuminate an object from additional directions, create
            // additional lights.
            DirectionalLight myDirectionalLight = new DirectionalLight();
            myDirectionalLight.Color = Colors.White;
            myDirectionalLight.Direction = new Vector3D(-0.61, -0.5, -0.61);

            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myDirectionalLight);

            // The geometry specifes the shape of the 3D plane. In this sample, a flat sheet
            // is created.
            MeshGeometry3D myMeshGeometry3D = new MeshGeometry3D();

            // Create a collection of normal vectors for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Vector3DCollection myNormalCollection = new Vector3DCollection();
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myNormalCollection.Add(new Vector3D(0, 0, 1));
            myMeshGeometry3D.Normals = myNormalCollection;

            // Create a collection of vertex positions for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Point3DCollection myPositionCollection = new Point3DCollection();
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, 0.5, 0.5));
            myPositionCollection.Add(new Point3D(-0.5, -0.5, 0.5));
            myMeshGeometry3D.Positions = myPositionCollection;

            // Create a collection of texture coordinates for the MeshGeometry3D.
            PointCollection myTextureCoordinatesCollection = new PointCollection();
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 0));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 0));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(1, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 1));
            myTextureCoordinatesCollection.Add(new Point(0, 0));
            myMeshGeometry3D.TextureCoordinates = myTextureCoordinatesCollection;

            // Create a collection of triangle indices for the MeshGeometry3D.
            Int32Collection myTriangleIndicesCollection = new Int32Collection();
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(0);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(1);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(2);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(3);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(4);
            myTriangleIndicesCollection.Add(5);
            myMeshGeometry3D.TriangleIndices = myTriangleIndicesCollection;

            // Apply the mesh to the geometry model.
            myGeometryModel.Geometry = myMeshGeometry3D;

            // The material specifies the material applied to the 3D object. In this sample a
            // linear gradient covers the surface of the 3D object.

            // Create a horizontal linear gradient with four stops.
            LinearGradientBrush myHorizontalGradient = new LinearGradientBrush();
            myHorizontalGradient.StartPoint = new Point(0, 0.5);
            myHorizontalGradient.EndPoint = new Point(1, 0.5);
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Yellow, 0.0));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Red, 0.25));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.Blue, 0.75));
            myHorizontalGradient.GradientStops.Add(new GradientStop(Colors.LimeGreen, 1.0));

            // Define material and apply to the mesh geometries.
            DiffuseMaterial myMaterial = new DiffuseMaterial(myHorizontalGradient);
            myGeometryModel.Material = myMaterial;

            // Apply a transform to the object. In this sample, a rotation transform is applied,
            // rendering the 3D object rotated.
            RotateTransform3D myRotateTransform3D = new RotateTransform3D();
            AxisAngleRotation3D myAxisAngleRotation3d = new AxisAngleRotation3D();
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Axis = new Vector3D(0, 3, 0);
            myAxisAngleRotation3d.Angle = 40;
            myRotateTransform3D.Rotation = myAxisAngleRotation3d;
            myGeometryModel.Transform = myRotateTransform3D;

            // Add the geometry model to the model group.
            myModel3DGroup.Children.Add(myGeometryModel);

            // Add the group of models to the ModelVisual3d.
            myModelVisual3D.Content = myModel3DGroup;

            //
            myViewport3D.Children.Add(myModelVisual3D);

            // Apply the viewport to the page so it will be rendered.
            this.Content = myViewport3D;
        }
    }
}