目录
一、SSM框架的简单介绍
1、什么是SSM框架呢?
SSM框架就是Spring、Spring MVC和MyBatis框架的缩写,是标准的MVC模式,将整个系统划分为四层:表现层、controller层、service层、DAO层。使用SSM框架的好处是在于其易复用和简化开发,掌握了每个框架的核心思想。
其中,spring MVC负责请求的转发和视图管理;spring实现业务对象管理;MyBatis作为数据对象的持久化引擎。
二、SSM操作原理
1、Spring MVC:
客户端发送请求到DispacherServlet(分发器),由DispacherServlet控制器查询HanderMapping,找到处理请求的Controller。Controller调用业务逻辑处理后,返回ModelAndView;.DispacherSerclet查询视图解析器,找到ModelAndView指定的视图,视图负责将结果显示到客户端。
2、Spring:
IOC容器应该就是我们平时开发接触最多的,它可以装载bean,有了这个机制,我们就不用在每次使用这个类的时候为它初始化,很少看到关键字new。另外spring的aop,事务管理等等都是我们经常用到的。
3、MyBatis:
MyBatis是对jdbc的封装,它让数据库底层操作变的透明。MyBatis的操作都是围绕一个sqlSessionFactory实例展开的。MyBatis通过配置文件关联到各实体类的Mapper文件,Mapper文件中配置了每个类对数据库所需进行的sql语句映射。在每次与数据库交互时,通过sqlSessionFactory拿到一个sqlSession,再执行sql命令。
三、SSM框架的搭建
工具:Tomcat maven mysql jdk idea
1.新建一个项目。
2.创建好项目之后展开项目架构,如图:
3、首先将项目添加为WEB项目。
4、填充项目架构包:pojo mapepr service controller
5.
5.导入pom依赖包。
<!--导入相关依赖-->
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.13.1</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.5.10</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>2.0.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
<artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId>
<version>1.9.7</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.24</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.3.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- servlet依赖 -->
<!--<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.guicedee.services</groupId>
<artifactId>jakarta.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2.1</version>
</dependency>-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.47</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<!--约定大于配置:加载漏掉的配置文件-->
<build>
<resources>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/java</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
</resource>
<resource>
<directory>src/main/resources</directory>
<includes>
<include>**/*.xml</include>
<include>**/*.properties</include>
</includes>
</resource>
</resources>
</build>
6.新建配置文件
spring-dao.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!-- 配置整合mybatis过程 -->
<!-- 1.配置数据库相关参数properties的属性:${url} -->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/>
<!-- 2.数据库连接池,声明数据源DataSource -->
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/>
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>
</bean>
<!--3.创建sqlSessionFactory对象-->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<!--指定数据源-->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
<!--绑定mybatis配置文件-->
<property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"></property>
<!-- 扫描sql配置文件:mapper需要的xml文件 mapper接口与xml在同一配置文件下,不用配置-->
<!-- <property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:com/hl/ssm/mapper/*.xml" />-->
</bean>
<!-- 4.配置扫描Dao接口包,动态实现Dao接口,注入到spring容器中 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<!-- 注入sqlSessionFactory -->
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
<!-- 给出需要扫描Dao接口包 -->
<property name="basePackage" value="com.hl.ssm.mapper"/>
</bean>
</beans>
spring-service.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
<!-- 扫描service包下所有使用注解的类型 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hl.ssm.service" />
<!-- 配置事务管理器 -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<!-- 注入数据库连接池 -->
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置基于注解的声明式事务 -->
<tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" />
</beans>
spring-web.xml
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop https://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
<!-- 1.开启SpringMVC注解模式 -->
<!-- 简化配置:
(1)自动注册DefaultAnootationHandlerMapping,AnotationMethodHandlerAdapter
(2)提供一些列:数据绑定,数字和日期的format @NumberFormat, @DateTimeFormat, xml,json默认读写支持
-->
<!--开启AOP-->
<aop:aspectj-autoproxy proxy-target-class="true"/>
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<!-- 2.静态资源默认servlet配置
(1)加入对静态资源的处理:js,gif,png
(2)允许使用"/"做整体映射
-->
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
<!-- 3.配置jsp 显示ViewResolver -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 4.扫描web相关的bean -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.hl.ssm.controller" />
</beans>
mybatis-config.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
<settings>
<!--配置运行的sql在控制台打印输出-->
<setting name="logImpl" value="STDOUT_LOGGING"/>
<!--设置映射方式 autoMappingBehavior属性
NONE:不自动进行映射
PARTIAL:默认值,对没有嵌套结果集自动进行映射
FILL:对所有结果集进行自动映射,一般情况下,如果有结果集我们也使用ReaultMap,所以FULL很少用
-->
<setting name="autoMappingBehavior" value="PARTIAL"/>
<!--驼峰映射
开启驼峰映射后:例如数据库字段中的nick_name,在PO中属性却是nickName也可以自动匹配上(mybatis会自动将下划线更改成驼峰类型)
-->
<setting name="mapUnderscoreToCamelCase" value="true"/>
<!--定义别名-->
<!--开启延迟加载的开关 默认是false -->
<setting name="lazyLoadingEnabled" value="true"/>
<!-- <!–发生延迟加载的时候, 是否完全加载 默认是 false (3.1.4版本之后) 一般不配置 用默认的就可以–>
<setting name="aggressiveLazyLoading" value="true"/>-->
</settings>
<!--设置别名-->
<typeAliases>
<package name="com.hl.ssm.pojo"/>
</typeAliases>
</configuration>
jdbc.properties
jdbc.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
jdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai&useSSL=false
jdbc.username=root
jdbc.password=123456
applicationContext.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">
<import resource="spring-dao.xml"></import>
<import resource="spring-service.xml"></import>
<import resource="spring-web.xml"></import>
</beans>
web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!--配置springMVC的前端控制器-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-web.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>DispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--配置全局过滤filter-->
<filter>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<context-param>
<!-- contextConfigLocation:名称是固定的,表示自定义的spring配置文件的路径 -->
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!-- 自定义配置文件的路径 -->
<param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
7.代码
UserController
package com.hl.ssm.controller;
import com.hl.ssm.pojo.User;
import com.hl.ssm.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/addUser")
public ModelAndView addUser(User user) {
System.out.println("======================进入controller了");
ModelAndView modelAndView = new ModelAndView();
userService.addUser(user);
System.out.println("addUser方法执行完成");
modelAndView.setViewName("ok");
return modelAndView;
}
}
UserMapper
package com.hl.ssm.mapper;
import com.hl.ssm.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
public interface UserMapper {
List<User> getList();
int addUser(User user);
}
UserMapper.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN"
"http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.hl.ssm.mapper.UserMapper">
<insert id="addUser" parameterType="user" useGeneratedKeys="true" keyProperty="id">
insert into user values (null,#{name},#{pwd})
</insert>
<select id="getList" resultType="user">
select * from user
</select>
</mapper>
User
package com.hl.ssm.pojo;
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Data;
import lombok.NoArgsConstructor;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User {
private int id;
private String name;
private String pwd;
}
UserService
package com.hl.ssm.service;
import com.hl.ssm.pojo.User;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
public interface UserService {
List<User> getList();
int addUser(User user);
}
UserServiceImpl
package com.hl.ssm.service.impl;
import com.hl.ssm.mapper.UserMapper;
import com.hl.ssm.pojo.User;
import com.hl.ssm.service.UserService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import java.util.List;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {
@Autowired
private UserMapper userMapper;
@Override
public List<User> getList() {
List<User> list = userMapper.getList();
return list;
}
@Override
public int addUser(User user) {
int i = userMapper.addUser(user);
return i;
}
}
index.jsp
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="utf-8" language="java" isELIgnored="false" %>
<html>
<body>
<h2>测试</h2>
<p>创建学生用户信息</p>
<form action="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/addUser" method="post">
账号:<input type="text" name="name"><br/>
密码:<input type="text" name="pwd"><br/>
<input type="submit" value="注册用户">
</form>
</body>
</html>
web/WEB-INF/jsp/ok.jsp
注意:文件的位置。
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>成功</title>
<h2>添加成功,这是一个跳转页面!!!</h2>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
四、tomcat配置
五、测试。
六、拓展添加AOP业务
1.实现查询项目中所有addUser的方法执行的时间。
在service层新建一个BookAdvice
package com.hl.ssm.service.aop;
import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;
import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
/**
* @author hl
* @Description
* @create 2023/11/30
*/
@Aspect
@Component
public class BookAdvice {
@Around("execution(* com.hl.ssm.*.*.addUser(..))")
public Object method(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {
//目标运行的时间
long starttime = System.nanoTime();
//执行目标方法
Object result = pjp.proceed();
//目标结束时间
long endtime =System.nanoTime();
//end -start
long datatime=(endtime-starttime)/1000000;
System.out.println("目标运行的方法"+pjp.toShortString()+"时间:"+datatime+"豪秒" );
return result;
}
}
2.测试