【docker练习】

HealerCCX

已于 2023-08-19 22:22:36 修改

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分类专栏： docker 文章标签： docker 容器运维

于 2023-08-19 22:13:26 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/healerccx/article/details/132383174

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本文详细介绍了如何在Linux环境下安装Docker，配置镜像加速器，下载并使用Ubuntu和CentOS系统镜像，创建容器，执行启动、停止、重启操作，查看容器状态，以及退出和连接到容器的方法。

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1.安装docker服务，配置镜像加速器

看这篇文章https://blog.csdn.net/HealerCCX/article/details/132342679?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501

2.下载系统镜像（Ubuntu、 centos）

[root@node1 ~]# docker pull centos
[root@node1 ~]# docker pull ubuntu
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu       latest    01f29b872827   2 weeks ago     77.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   23 months ago   231MB

3.基于下载的镜像创建两个容器（容器名一个为自己名字全拼，一个为首名字字母

[root@node1 ~]# docker run --name zhang -it centos /bin/bash
[root@077fe007aa98 /]#
[root@node1 ~]# docker run --name zzh -itd ubuntu /bin/bash
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   7 minutes ago       Exited (0) 6 minutes ago             zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 54 minutes                        zhang

4.容器的启动、停止及重启操作

[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   7 minutes ago       Exited (0) 6 minutes ago             zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 54 minutes                        zhang
#zhang为启动状态，停止
[root@node1 ~]# docker stop zhang
zhang
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                      PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 7 minutes ago              zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Exited (0) 18 seconds ago             zhang
#启动
[root@node1 ~]# docker start zhang
zhang
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                     PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   8 minutes ago       Exited (0) 7 minutes ago             zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 1 second                          zhang
#重启
[root@node1 ~]# docker restart zhang
zhang

5.怎么查看正在运行的容器和所有容器？

#docker ps 查看正在运行的容器
#加上-a可查看所有容器
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 14 minutes             zhang
[root@node1 ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                       PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   24 minutes ago      Exited (137) 9 seconds ago             zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 14 minutes                          zhang
[root@node1 ~]# docker con
config     container  context    
[root@node1 ~]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS          PORTS     NAMES
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 14 minutes             zhang
[root@node1 ~]# docker container ls -a
CONTAINER ID   IMAGE     COMMAND       CREATED             STATUS                        PORTS     NAMES
710cd3afb3dc   ubuntu    "/bin/bash"   24 minutes ago      Exited (137) 28 seconds ago             zzh
077fe007aa98   centos    "/bin/bash"   About an hour ago   Up 15 minutes                           zhang

6.怎么退出容器：两种方法分别实现？

1、ctrl+p+q
[root@node1 ~]# docker attach zhang
[root@077fe007aa98 /]# read escape sequence
[root@node1 ~]#
2、ctrl+d，容器本身也将停止运行
[root@node1 ~]# docker attach zhang
[root@077fe007aa98 /]# exit
[root@node1 ~]#

7.怎么连接到运行的容器？

1、
[root@node1 ~]# docker exec -it zhang /bin/bash
[root@077fe007aa98 /]#
2、
[root@node1 ~]# docker attach zhang
[root@077fe007aa98 /]#

8.查看容器或镜像的内部信息？

[root@node1 ~]# docker inspect zhang  #zhang可替换为镜像

9.如何查看所有镜像？

1、
[root@node1 ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu       latest    01f29b872827   2 weeks ago     77.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   23 months ago   231MB
2、
[root@node1 ~]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY   TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE
ubuntu       latest    01f29b872827   2 weeks ago     77.8MB
centos       latest    5d0da3dc9764   23 months ago   231MB