linux下shell脚本字符基本处理

1. 字符串比较

字符串相等比较

相等：在[]中使用==或=

[root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
true
[root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
#! /bin/sh

a="demo"

if [ "$a" = "demo" ];then
    echo "true"
fi
# or
[root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
true
[root@Centos]# cat ./demo.sh 
#! /bin/sh

a="demo"

if [ "$a" == "demo" ];then
    echo "true"
fi

 不等：在[]中使用!=

[root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
#! /bin/sh

a="demo"

if [ "$a" != "demo" ];then
    echo "true"
fi

•  字符串包含

在[[ ]]中使用=~

[root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
true
[root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
#! /bin/sh

a="demo"

if [[ "$a" =~ "mo" ]];then
    echo "true"
fi

不包含

[root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
#! /bin/sh

a="demo"

if [[ ! "$a" =~ "mo" ]];then
    echo "true"
fi

•  模式匹配

  [root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
  #! /bin/sh
  
  a="demo"
  # 以d开头
  if [[  "$a" == d* ]];then
      echo "true"
  fi
  [root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
  true
  

  shell脚本#为注释符号，那么如何判断以#开头呢？

• [root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
  true
  [root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
  #! /bin/sh
  
  a="#demo"
  
  if [[  "$a" == ''#*'' ]];then
      echo "true"
  fi
  # or 
  [root@Centos]# ./demo.sh 
  true
  [root@Centos]# cat demo.sh 
  #! /bin/sh
  
  a="#demo"
  
  if [[  "$a" == \#* ]];then
      echo "true"
  fi