仔细想想经常用到的下面这句话,你就能感受到装饰者的含义了
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));
对比一下:
Decorator decorator = new Decorator_two(new Decorator_first(
new Decorator_zero(person)));
以下转自:http://blog.csdn.net/jason0539/article/details/22713711
定义:动态给一个对象添加一些额外的职责,就象在墙上刷油漆.使用Decorator模式相比用生成子类方式达到功能的扩充显得更为灵活。
设计初衷:通常可以使用继承来实现功能的拓展,如果这些需要拓展的功能的种类很繁多,那么势必生成很多子类,增加系统的复杂性,同时,使用继承实现功能拓展,我们必须可预见这些拓展功能,这些功能是编译时就确定了,是静态的。
要点:
装饰者与被装饰者拥有共同的超类,继承的目的是继承类型,而不是行为
实际上Java 的I/O API就是使用Decorator实现的。
//定义被装饰者
public interface Human {
public void wearClothes();
public void walkToWhere();
}
//定义装饰者
public abstract class Decorator implements Human {
private Human human;
public Decorator(Human human) {
this.human = human;
}
public void wearClothes() {
human.wearClothes();
}
public void walkToWhere() {
human.walkToWhere();
}
}
//下面定义三种装饰,这是第一个,第二个第三个功能依次细化,即装饰者的功能越来越多
public class Decorator_zero extends Decorator {
public Decorator_zero(Human human) {
super(human);
}
public void goHome() {
System.out.println("进房子。。");
}
public void findMap() {
System.out.println("书房找找Map。。");
}
@Override
public void wearClothes() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.wearClothes();
goHome();
}
@Override
public void walkToWhere() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.walkToWhere();
findMap();
}
}
public class Decorator_first extends Decorator {
public Decorator_first(Human human) {
super(human);
}
public void goClothespress() {
System.out.println("去衣柜找找看。。");
}
public void findPlaceOnMap() {
System.out.println("在Map上找找。。");
}
@Override
public void wearClothes() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.wearClothes();
goClothespress();
}
@Override
public void walkToWhere() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.walkToWhere();
findPlaceOnMap();
}
}
public class Decorator_two extends Decorator {
public Decorator_two(Human human) {
super(human);
}
public void findClothes() {
System.out.println("找到一件D&G。。");
}
public void findTheTarget() {
System.out.println("在Map上找到神秘花园和城堡。。");
}
@Override
public void wearClothes() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.wearClothes();
findClothes();
}
@Override
public void walkToWhere() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
super.walkToWhere();
findTheTarget();
}
}
//定义被装饰者,被装饰者初始状态有些自己的装饰
public class Person implements Human {
@Override
public void wearClothes() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("穿什么呢。。");
}
@Override
public void walkToWhere() {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
System.out.println("去哪里呢。。");
}
}
//测试类,看一下你就会发现,跟java的I/O操作有多么相似
public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
Human person = new Person();
Decorator decorator = new Decorator_two(new Decorator_first(
new Decorator_zero(person)));
decorator.wearClothes();
decorator.walkToWhere();
}
}