辖vim之威学习emacs -进阶篇(简单快捷键的绑定及简单函数功能)

作为资深vimer(到底多深呢? 配置vim为c/c++集成开发环境，采用了
taglist+project+mur+alter+highlight+grepit 插件，除taglist插件因太大，
其它均阅读掌握了源码，配置为自己顺手的模式，可以写vim 插件,
使用vim 得心应手！vim 是编辑器之神！)
初学emacs 会觉得很多地方需要改进，
有一些基本功能必需要调整的, 以使其更容易使用
我知道有vimer 模式， 不过，要学emacs, 我需要自己折腾....

前言:由于要定制的比较多，是一组按键，所以要找一个前缀键。
C-z 就很合适，原来意思是挂起emacs, 用途不大，就选它了。
(define-prefix-command 'ctlz-map)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z") ctlz-map)
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1.怀念vim 的f 前向搜索，F 后向 到某个特定字符，按；继续查找下一个字符
 没有它我活不下去. emacs按M-f, C-f 太没有效率了！
emacs 如何实现？
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emacs 添加如下函数，并绑定到C-z f 键C-z F键
(defun my-go-to-char (char)
  "Move forward to CHAR.
  Typing CHAR again will move forwad to the next occurence of CHAR."
  (interactive "cGo to char: ")
  (let ((case-fold-search nil))
    (search-forward (string char) nil nil 1)
    (backward-char)
    (while (equal (read-key) char)
      (forward-char)
      (search-forward (string char) nil nil 1)
      (backward-char))
    )
  (setq unread-command-events (list last-input-event)))

(defun my-backward-go-to-char (char)
  "Move backward to CHAR.
   Typing CHAR again will move backward to the next occurence of CHAR."
  (interactive "cGo to char: ")
  (let ((case-fold-search nil))
    ;; backward
    (search-backward (string char) nil nil )
    (while (equal (read-key) char)
      (search-backward (string char) nil nil )))
  (setq unread-command-events (list last-input-event)))

(global-set-key (kbd "C-z f") 'my-go-to-char)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z F") 'my-backward-go-to-char)


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2. 怀念vim 的ma, mA 等标记位置寄存器，‘a,'A 可以跳转回。
emacs 可以用C-x r SPACE x 来标记， C-x r j 来转回，但是
效率是差了不少。
怎样调整emacs 的临时标记功能?
C-z. 做标记
C-z, 来回跳转
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(global-set-key "\C-z." 'my-point-to-register)
(global-set-key "\C-z," 'my-jump-to-register)
(defun my-point-to-register()
  "Store cursor position to a register.
Use my-jump-to-register to jump back to the stored
position."
  (interactive)
  (setq zmacs-region-stays t)
  (point-to-register 8))

(defun my-jump-to-register()
  "Switches between current cursor position and position
that was stored with my-point-to-register."
  (interactive)
  (setq zmacs-region-stays t)
  (let ((tmp (point-marker)))
        (jump-to-register 8)
        (set-register 8 tmp)))
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3. 怀念vim 的H,M,L 光标到屏幕顶，中间，底部。
   emacs M-r 只能依次到屏幕中，上，底。(加上前缀参数，也可勉强抗衡..)
 答案: 绑定到C-zh, C-zm, C-zl 上，用如下代码 (也不用如此挑剔！）
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;;C-zh, C-zm, C-zl 类似于vim的H,M,L
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z h") 'cursor-to-top-of-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z m") 'cursor-to-middle-of-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z l") 'cursor-to-bottom-of-window)

(defun cursor-to-top-of-window()
"Move cursor to top of window."
(interactive)
(move-to-window-line 0))
(defun cursor-to-bottom-of-window()
"Move cursor to bottom of window."
(interactive)
(move-to-window-line -1))
(defun cursor-to-middle-of-window()
"Move cursor to middle of window."
(interactive)
(move-to-window-line nil))

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4. 怀念vim 的zT ,zz功能，把屏幕从光标处上滚到顶部和中部，方便阅读。
emacs 如何实现? C-l 加前缀参数勉强可以抗衡， 但...
答案: 绑定到C-zt, C-zb, C-zz上，用如下代码 （纯emacser 也不要如此挑剔！）
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;; C-zt, C-zb C-zz 类似于vim 的zt, zb ,zz
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z t") 'line-to-top-of-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z b") 'line-to-bottom-of-window)
(global-set-key (kbd "C-z z") 'line-to-center-of-window)

; replace C-u 0 C-l
(defun line-to-top-of-window ()
  "Move the line point is on to top of window."
  (interactive)
  (recenter 0))
; replace C-u - C-l
(defun line-to-bottom-of-window ()
  "Move the line point is on to botton of window."
  (interactive)
  (recenter -1))
(defun line-to-center-of-window ()
  "Move the line point is on to center of window."
  (interactive)
  (recenter ))

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5. 怀念vim % 可以跳转到匹配的括号，
Emacs: 按 C-M-f 和 C-M-b (太麻烦了？,消灭C-M)
----------------------------------------
实现:取巧的办法，添加一个函数，绑定到% 键上
当%在括号上按下时，那么匹配括号，否则输入一个%,
这样保留了默认输入%的功能
(global-set-key "%" 'match-paren)

(defun match-paren (arg)
"Go to the matching parenthesis if on parenthesis otherwise insert %."
(interactive "p")
(cond ((looking-at "\\s\(") (forward-list 1) (backward-char 1))
 ((looking-at "\\s\)") (forward-char 1) (backward-list 1))
 (t (self-insert-command (or arg 1)))))

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6. 怀念vim 的yy copy整行命令，dd 删除整行命令
 emacs C-a 跳到行首，C-S-2 设定区块, C-e跳到行尾 M-w copy,
  C-w 删除.
 效率是差了不少，怎么改进呢？
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改进M-w 和 C-w 键邦定函数，使支持行操作。

;; copy region or whole line
(global-set-key "\M-w"
(lambda ()
  (interactive)
  (if mark-active
      (kill-ring-save (region-beginning)
      (region-end))
    (progn
     (kill-ring-save (line-beginning-position)
     (line-end-position))
     (message "copied line")))))
;; kill region or whole line
(global-set-key "\C-w"
(lambda ()
  (interactive)
  (if mark-active
      (kill-region (region-beginning)
   (region-end))
    (progn
     (kill-region (line-beginning-position)
  (line-end-position))
     (message "killed line")))))


最后: 如果你觉得折腾的差不多了的时候。
嫌emacs 启动慢，改进!
emacs 服务器模式启动: emacs --daemon
服务器启动加到系统启动里，例如~/.profile中

emacs 客户端启动: emacsclient -t
这样就块多了


如此emacs 的使用顺手多了，可以与vim 相抗衡，但是，且慢...
我的vim 有那么多插件为它插上翅膀，使它成为c/c++集成环境，
emacs 也需要插件帮手，才能与之抗衡，且看下集....