String to Integer (atoi)

分析
细节题。注意几个测试用例：
1. 不规则输入，但是有效， ”-3924x8fc”， ” + 413”,
2. 无效格式， ” ++c”, ” ++1”
3. 溢出数据， ”2147483648”

代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <limits.h>

using namespace std;

int Atoi(const char *str)
{
    int sign = 1;
    const int len = strlen(str);
    int i = 0;
    int num = 0;

    while(str[i] == ' ' && i < len) i++;

    if (str[i] == '+')
        i++;
    else if (str[i] == '-')
    {
        sign = -1;
        i++;
    }
    for (; i < len ; ++i)
    {
        if (str[i] < '0' || str[i] > '9')
            break;

        if (num > INT_MAX/10 || (num == INT_MAX/10 && (str[i]-'0') > INT_MAX%10))
        {
            return sign = -1?INT_MIN:INT_MAX;
        }

        num = num*10+str[i]-'0';
    }

    return sign*num;
}


int main()
{
    int num = 0;
    const char *str = "-3924x8fc";
    const char *str2 = "++c";      //无效字符串
    const char *str3 = "2147483649";  //越界

    num = Atoi(str);
    cout<<num<<endl;

    num = Atoi(str2);
    cout<<num<<endl;

    num = Atoi(str3);
    cout<<num<<endl;

    return 0;
}