要发送DHCP报文
获取DHCP信息，可以使用
Linux下的socket编程来实现。具体步骤如下：
1. 创建socket对象，使用raw socket类型。
2. 设置socket属性，包括IP地址、端口号等。
3. 创建DHCP报文，并填充报文字段。
4. 发送DHCP报文。
5. 接收DHCP服务器的响应报文。
6. 解析响应报文，
获取DHCP信息。
以下是一个简单的示例代码：
```c++
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
#define BUF_SIZE 1024
#define DHCP_PORT 67
#define DHCP_SERVER_PORT 68
typedef
struct {
uint8_t op; // Message op code / message type.
uint8_t htype; // Hardware address type (e.g., '1' = 10mb ethernet).
uint8_t hlen; // Hardware address length (e.g., '6' for 10mb ethernet).
uint8_t hops; // Client sets to zero, optionally used by relay agents when
booting via a relay agent.
uint32_t xid; // Transaction ID, a random number chosen by the client, used by the client and server to associate messages and responses between a client and a server.
uint16_t secs; // Filled in by client, seconds elapsed since client began address acquisition or renewal process.
uint16_t flags; // Broadcast flag.
struct in_addr ciaddr; // Client IP address; only filled in if client is in BOUND, RENEW or REBINDING state and can respond to ARP requests.
struct in_addr yiaddr; // 'your' (client) IP address.
struct in_addr siaddr; // IP address of next server to use in
bootstrap; returned in DHCPOFFER, DHCPACK by server.
struct in_addr giaddr; // Relay agent IP address, used in
booting via a relay agent.
uint8_t chaddr[16]; // Client hardware address.
char sname[64]; // Optional server host name,
null terminated string.
char file[128]; //
Boot file name,
null terminated string; "generic" name or
null in DHCPDISCOVER, fully qualified directory-path name in DHCPOFFER.
uint32_t magic_cookie; // Fixed value: 0x63825363.
uint8_t options[308]; // Optional parameters field.
} dhcp_packet;
int main(int argc, char* argv[]) {
int sockfd;
struct sockaddr_in servaddr, cliaddr;
char buf[BUF_SIZE];
socklen_t len = sizeof(cliaddr);
dhcp_packet packet;
// 创建socket对象
sockfd = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_UDP);
if (sockfd < 0) {
perror("socket");
exit(1);
}
// 设置socket属性
memset(&servaddr, 0, sizeof(servaddr));
servaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
servaddr.sin_port = htons(DHCP_SERVER_PORT);
servaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY);
if (bind(sockfd, (
struct sockaddr*)&servaddr, sizeof(servaddr)) < 0) {
perror("bind");
exit(1);
}
// 创建DHCP报文
memset(&packet, 0, sizeof(packet));
packet.op = 0x01; // Message type:
Boot Request
packet.htype = 0x01; // Hardware type: Ethernet
packet.hlen = 0x06; // Hardware address length: 6
packet.xid = random(); // Transaction ID
packet.magic_cookie = htonl(0x63825363); // DHCP Magic Cookie
// DHCP Option 53: DHCP Discover
packet.options[0] = 0x35; // Option 53
packet.options[1] = 0x01; // Length
packet.options[2] = 0x01; // DHCP Discover
// DHCP Option 55: Parameter Request List
packet.options[3] = 0x37; // Option 55
packet.options[4] = 0x04; // Length
packet.options[5] = 0x01; // Subnet Mask
packet.options[6] = 0x03; // Router
packet.options[7] = 0x06; // Domain Name Server
packet.options[8] = 0x0f; // Domain Name
packet.options[9] = 0x2c; // Static Route
packet.options[10] = 0xff; // End
// 发送DHCP报文
memset(&cliaddr, 0, sizeof(cliaddr));
cliaddr.sin_family = AF_INET;
cliaddr.sin_port = htons(DHCP_PORT);
cliaddr.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("255.255.255.255");
if (sendto(sockfd, &packet, sizeof(packet), 0, (
struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, sizeof(cliaddr)) < 0) {
perror("sendto");
exit(1);
}
// 接收DHCP服务器的响应报文
memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
if (recvfrom(sockfd, buf, sizeof(buf), 0, (
struct sockaddr*)&cliaddr, &len) < 0) {
perror("recvfrom");
exit(1);
}
// 解析响应报文，
获取DHCP信息
// ...
close(sockfd);
return 0;
}
```
。
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