【Python】pip - 安装第三方包的神器

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 15:30:34 发布

Hank_Gao

最新推荐文章于 2025-03-19 15:30:34 发布

阅读量3.4w

点赞数 1

分类专栏： Python

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/henryghx/article/details/49209297

版权

Python 专栏收录该内容

84 篇文章

订阅专栏

本文介绍了如何使用pip安装Python第三方库。首先，从官方网址下载并安装pip，然后通过命令行运行Python get-pip.py进行安装。在安装过程中可能会遇到环境变量配置问题，需要将pip的安装路径添加到系统路径中。接着，演示了安装numpy和matplotlib等库的过程，以及在Windows和Mac OS上使用pip的示例。

摘要生成于 C知道，由 DeepSeek-R1 满血版支持，前往体验 >

使用Python，肯定希望使用大量成熟的第三方包，从而快速用到自己的项目。

还在一个个寻找，手动下载吗？

pip就是这样一个神器，自动搜索、下载和安装第三方包：

1，首先请安装pip自己，下载地址（也可以通过附件下载）：

http://www.pip-installer.org/en/latest/installing.html#python-os-support

2，安装pip，在命令行运行Python get-pip.py

3, 增加环境变量：C:/Python27/Scripts(pip安装的路径)（windows经常出此问题，可以通过在cmd输入pip看是否如下回复）

Microsoft Windows XP [版本 5.1.2600]
(C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>python pip install beautifulsoup4
python: can't open file 'pip': [Errno 2] No such file or directory

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>pip
'pip' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序
或批处理文件。

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>path
PATH=C:\Python27\;C:\WINDOWS\system32;C:\WINDOWS;C:\WINDOWS\System32\Wbem;C:\Pro
gram Files\Anite\LogViewer;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Sony Shared\FeliCaLibra
ry;C:\Program Files\Common Files\Sony Shared\FeliCaNFCLibrary

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>python
Python 2.7.8 (default, Jun 30 2014, 16:03:49) [MSC v.1500 32 bit (Intel)] on win
32
Type "help", "copyright", "credits" or "license" for more information.
>>> exit()

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>python "\\vmware-host\Shared Folders\桌
面\get-pip.py" install
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "\\vmware-host\Shared Folders\桌面\get-pip.py", line 19154, in <module>
main()
File "\\vmware-host\Shared Folders\桌面\get-pip.py", line 194, in main
bootstrap(tmpdir=tmpdir)
File "\\vmware-host\Shared Folders\桌面\get-pip.py", line 82, in bootstrap
import pip
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\__init__.py", l
ine 13, in <module>
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\utils\__init__.
py", line 27, in <module>
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 3130, in <module>
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 3116, in _call_aside
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 3143, in _initialize_master_working_set
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 633, in _build_master
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 626, in __init__
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 682, in add_entry
File "c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpbzsjty\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\pkg_res
ources\__init__.py", line 2110, in find_on_path
WindowsError: [Error 234] : '\\\\vmware-host\\shared folders\\\xd7\xc0\xc3\xe6/*
.*'

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>python C:\get-pip.py install
Collecting install
c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpjuymjr\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\requests\packag
es\urllib3\util\ssl_.py:315: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made,
but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this
platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, whi
ch can cause validation failures. For more information, see https://urllib3.read
thedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.
c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpjuymjr\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\requests\packag
es\urllib3\util\ssl_.py:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object i
s not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and ma
y cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urlli
b3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
Could not find a version that satisfies the requirement install (from versions
: )
No matching distribution found for install

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>pip
'pip' 不是内部或外部命令，也不是可运行的程序
或批处理文件。

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>python C:\get-pip.py
Collecting pip
c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpvgujaq\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\requests\packag
es\urllib3\util\ssl_.py:315: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made,
but the SNI (Subject Name Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this
platform. This may cause the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, whi
ch can cause validation failures. For more information, see https://urllib3.read
thedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#snimissingwarning.
c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpvgujaq\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\requests\packag
es\urllib3\util\ssl_.py:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object i
s not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and ma
y cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urlli
b3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
Downloading pip-8.1.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.2MB)
35% |███████████▏ | 419kB 409kB/s eta 0:00:02
35% |███████████▌ | 430kB 409kB/s eta 0:00:02
36% |███████████▊ | 440kB 409kB/s eta 0:00:02
37% |████████████ | 450kB 297kB/s eta 0:00:03
38% |████████████▎ | 460kB 297kB/s eta 0:00:0
39% |████████████▋ | 471kB 344kB/s eta 0:00:0
40% |████████████▉ | 481kB 344kB/s eta 0:00:0
41% |█████████████▏ | 491kB 328kB/s eta 0:00:
41% |█████████████▍ | 501kB 595kB/s eta 0:00:
42% |█████████████▊ | 512kB 595kB/s eta 0:00:
43% |██████████████ | 522kB 595kB/s eta 0:00:
44% |██████████████▎ | 532kB 656kB/s eta 0:00
45% |██████████████▌ | 542kB 435kB/s eta 0:00
46% |██████████████▊ | 552kB 731kB/s eta 0:00
47% |███████████████ | 563kB 656kB/s eta 0:00
47% |███████████████▎ | 573kB 595kB/s eta 0:0
48% |███████████████▋ | 583kB 595kB/s eta 0:0
49% |███████████████▉ | 593kB 595kB/s eta 0:0
50% |████████████████▏ | 604kB 595kB/s eta 0:
51% |████████████████▍ | 614kB 595kB/s eta 0:
52% |████████████████▊ | 624kB 547kB/s eta 0:
53% |█████████████████ | 634kB 595kB/s eta 0:
53% |█████████████████▎ | 645kB 939kB/s eta 0
54% |█████████████████▌ | 655kB 930kB/s eta 0
55% |█████████████████▉ | 665kB 939kB/s eta 0
56% |██████████████████ | 675kB 939kB/s eta 0
57% |██████████████████▎ | 686kB 939kB/s eta
58% |██████████████████▋ | 696kB 930kB/s eta
58% |██████████████████▉ | 706kB 819kB/s eta
59% |███████████████████▏ | 716kB 939kB/s eta
60% |███████████████████▍ | 727kB 930kB/s eta
61% |███████████████████▊ | 737kB 819kB/s eta
62% |████████████████████ | 747kB 939kB/s eta
63% |████████████████████▎ | 757kB 819kB/s et
64% |████████████████████▌ | 768kB 930kB/s et
64% |████████████████████▉ | 778kB 1.1MB/s et
65% |█████████████████████ | 788kB 819kB/s et
66% |█████████████████████▍ | 798kB 939kB/s e
67% |█████████████████████▋ | 808kB 930kB/s e
68% |█████████████████████▉ | 819kB 819kB/s e
69% |██████████████████████▏ | 829kB 939kB/s
70% |██████████████████████▍ | 839kB 930kB/s
70% |██████████████████████▊ | 849kB 930kB/s
71% |███████████████████████ | 860kB 939kB/s
72% |███████████████████████▎ | 870kB 819kB/s
73% |███████████████████████▌ | 880kB 819kB/s
74% |███████████████████████▉ | 890kB 939kB/s
75% |████████████████████████ | 901kB 819kB/s
76% |████████████████████████▍ | 911kB 939kB/
76% |████████████████████████▋ | 921kB 819kB/
77% |█████████████████████████ | 931kB 819kB/
78% |█████████████████████████▏ | 942kB 939kB
79% |█████████████████████████▌ | 952kB 819kB
80% |█████████████████████████▊ | 962kB 1.1MB
81% |██████████████████████████ | 972kB 1.1MB
82% |██████████████████████████▎ | 983kB 819k
82% |██████████████████████████▌ | 993kB 930k
83% |██████████████████████████▉ | 1.0MB 939k
84% |███████████████████████████ | 1.0MB 939k
85% |███████████████████████████▍ | 1.0MB 1.1
86% |███████████████████████████▋ | 1.0MB 930
87% |████████████████████████████ | 1.0MB 930
88% |████████████████████████████▏ | 1.1MB 93
88% |████████████████████████████▌ | 1.1MB 81
89% |████████████████████████████▊ | 1.1MB 93
90% |█████████████████████████████ | 1.1MB 93
91% |█████████████████████████████▎ | 1.1MB 9
92% |█████████████████████████████▌ | 1.1MB 9
93% |█████████████████████████████▉ | 1.1MB 8
94% |██████████████████████████████ | 1.1MB 9
94% |██████████████████████████████▍ | 1.1MB
95% |██████████████████████████████▋ | 1.1MB
96% |███████████████████████████████ | 1.2MB
97% |███████████████████████████████▏| 1.2MB
98% |███████████████████████████████▌| 1.2MB
99% |███████████████████████████████▊| 1.2MB
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.2M
B 435kB/s
Collecting setuptools
Downloading setuptools-20.6.7-py2.py3-none-any.whl (508kB)
36% |███████████▋ | 184kB 386kB/s eta 0:00:01
38% |████████████▎ | 194kB 409kB/s eta 0:00:0
40% |████████████▉ | 204kB 437kB/s eta 0:00:0
42% |█████████████▌ | 215kB 409kB/s eta 0:00:
44% |██████████████▏ | 225kB 437kB/s eta 0:00
46% |██████████████▉ | 235kB 3.3MB/s eta 0:00
48% |███████████████▌ | 245kB 3.3MB/s eta 0:0
50% |████████████████ | 256kB 6.4MB/s eta 0:0
52% |████████████████▊ | 266kB 6.4MB/s eta 0:
54% |█████████████████▍ | 276kB 6.4MB/s eta 0
56% |██████████████████ | 286kB 6.4MB/s eta 0
58% |██████████████████▊ | 296kB 3.2MB/s eta
60% |███████████████████▎ | 307kB 3.2MB/s eta
62% |████████████████████ | 317kB 6.4MB/s eta
64% |████████████████████▋ | 327kB 6.4MB/s et
66% |█████████████████████▎ | 337kB 6.4MB/s e
68% |██████████████████████ | 348kB 6.4MB/s e
70% |██████████████████████▌ | 358kB 6.4MB/s
72% |███████████████████████▏ | 368kB 3.3MB/s
74% |███████████████████████▉ | 378kB 2.2MB/s
76% |████████████████████████▌ | 389kB 1.6MB/
78% |█████████████████████████▏ | 399kB 1.3MB
80% |█████████████████████████▊ | 409kB 1.3MB
82% |██████████████████████████▍ | 419kB 1.1M
84% |███████████████████████████ | 430kB 656k
86% |███████████████████████████▊ | 440kB 656
88% |████████████████████████████▍ | 450kB 31
90% |█████████████████████████████ | 460kB 29
92% |█████████████████████████████▋ | 471kB 3
94% |██████████████████████████████▎ | 481kB
96% |███████████████████████████████ | 491kB
98% |███████████████████████████████▋| 501kB
100% |████████████████████████████████| 512k
B 211kB/s
Collecting wheel
Downloading wheel-0.29.0-py2.py3-none-any.whl (66kB)
45% |██████████████▊ | 30kB 1.9MB/s eta 0:00:
61% |███████████████████▋ | 40kB 1.3MB/s eta
76% |████████████████████████▌ | 51kB 1.1MB/s
91% |█████████████████████████████▍ | 61kB 1.
100% |████████████████████████████████| 71kB
1.1MB/s
Installing collected packages: pip, setuptools, wheel
Successfully installed pip-8.1.1 setuptools-20.6.7 wheel-0.29.0
c:\docume~1\admini~1\locals~1\temp\tmpvgujaq\pip.zip\pip\_vendor\requests\packag
es\urllib3\util\ssl_.py:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object i
s not available. This prevents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and ma
y cause certain SSL connections to fail. For more information, see https://urlli
b3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>

3，在命令行输入你想要下载的包，比如bumpy，输入pip install numpy，开始happy吧

Microsoft Windows XP [版本 5.1.2600]
(C) 版权所有 1985-2001 Microsoft Corp.

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>pip

Usage:
pip <command> [options]

Commands:
install Install packages.
download Download packages.
uninstall Uninstall packages.
freeze Output installed packages in requirements format.
list List installed packages.
show Show information about installed packages.
search Search PyPI for packages.
wheel Build wheels from your requirements.
hash Compute hashes of package archives.
completion A helper command used for command completion
help Show help for commands.

General Options:
-h, --help Show help.
--isolated Run pip in an isolated mode, ignoring
environment variables and user configuration.
-v, --verbose Give more output. Option is additive, and can be
used up to 3 times.
-V, --version Show version and exit.
-q, --quiet Give less output.
--log <path> Path to a verbose appending log.
--proxy <proxy> Specify a proxy in the form
[user:passwd@]proxy.server:port.
--retries <retries> Maximum number of retries each connection should
attempt (default 5 times).
--timeout <sec> Set the socket timeout (default 15 seconds).
--exists-action <action> Default action when a path already exists:
(s)witch, (i)gnore, (w)ipe, (b)ackup.
--trusted-host <hostname> Mark this host as trusted, even though it does
not have valid or any HTTPS.
--cert <path> Path to alternate CA bundle.
--client-cert <path> Path to SSL client certificate, a single file
containing the private key and the certificate
in PEM format.
--cache-dir <dir> Store the cache data in <dir>.
--no-cache-dir Disable the cache.
--disable-pip-version-check
Don't periodically check PyPI to determine
whether a new version of pip is available for
download. Implied with --no-index.

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>pip install bs4
Collecting bs4
c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py
:315: SNIMissingWarning: An HTTPS request has been made, but the SNI (Subject Na
me Indication) extension to TLS is not available on this platform. This may caus
e the server to present an incorrect TLS certificate, which can cause validation
failures. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/latest/s
ecurity.html#snimissingwarning.
SNIMissingWarning
c:\python27\lib\site-packages\pip\_vendor\requests\packages\urllib3\util\ssl_.py
:120: InsecurePlatformWarning: A true SSLContext object is not available. This p
revents urllib3 from configuring SSL appropriately and may cause certain SSL con
nections to fail. For more information, see https://urllib3.readthedocs.org/en/l
atest/security.html#insecureplatformwarning.
InsecurePlatformWarning
Downloading bs4-0.0.1.tar.gz
Collecting beautifulsoup4 (from bs4)
Downloading beautifulsoup4-4.4.1-py2-none-any.whl (81kB)
50% |████████████████ | 40kB 201kB/s eta 0:00
62% |████████████████████▏ | 51kB 233kB/s eta
75% |████████████████████████▏ | 61kB 280kB/s
88% |████████████████████████████▏ | 71kB 306
100% |████████████████████████████████| 81kB
309kB/s
Building wheels for collected packages: bs4
Running setup.py bdist_wheel for bs4 ... done
Stored in directory: C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\Local Settings\Ap
plication Data\pip\Cache\wheels\b1\f2\eb\f3818069481f80504f404cc6fed41095a814205
9472c226590
Successfully built bs4
Installing collected packages: beautifulsoup4, bs4
Successfully installed beautifulsoup4-4.4.1 bs4-0.0.1

Mac OS:

C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>

bogon:~ myRMBP$ pip install virtualenv
Collecting virtualenv
Downloading virtualenv-13.1.2-py2.py3-none-any.whl (1.7MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 1.7MB 66kB/s
Installing collected packages: virtualenv
Successfully installed virtualenv-13.1.2
bogon:~ myRMBP$ pip matplot
ERROR: unknown command "matplot"
bogon:~ myRMBP$ pip insatll matplotlib
ERROR: unknown command "insatll" - maybe you meant "install"
bogon:~ myRMBP$ pip install numpy
Collecting numpy
Downloading numpy-1.10.1-cp27-none-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (3.7MB)
100% |████████████████████████████████| 3.7MB 121kB/s
Installing collected packages: numpy
Successfully installed numpy-1.10.1
bogon:~ myRMBP$ pip install matplotlib
Collecting matplotlib
Downloading matplotlib-1.4.3-cp27-none-macosx_10_6_intel.macosx_10_9_intel.macosx_10_9_x86_64.macosx_10_10_intel.macosx_10_10_x86_64.whl (47.6MB)
48% |███████████████▋ | 23.2MB 1.0MB/s eta 0:00:24