maven（一）学习笔记-安装，配置

1 maven安装

1.1 下载地址：http://maven.apache.org/download.cgi

1.2 环境变量

解压后配置环境变量

windows

MAVEN_HOME  D:\maven-3.0.4
PATH C:\Program Files (x86)\Common Files\NetSarang;%SystemRoot%\system32;%JAVA_HOME%\bin;%JAVA_HOME%\jre\bin;D:\10.2.0\client_1\BIN;C:\Program Files\TortoiseSVN\bin;%GIT_HOME%\bin;%HADOOP_HOME%\bin;%MAVEN_HOME%\bin;%GIT_HOME%\bin

linux

~/.bashrc下添加

MAVEN_HOME=${MAVEN_HOME_DIR}
PATH=$MAVEN_HOME/bin:$PATH
export MAVEN_HOME
export PATH

1.3 查看版本

安装成功后可以使用命令查看maven版本。

C:\Users\hepan>mvn -v

C:\Users\hepan>set MAVEN_OPTS=-XX:MaxPermSize=128m
Apache Maven 3.0.4 (r1232337; 2012-01-17 16:44:56+0800)
Maven home: D:\maven-3.0.4\bin\..
Java version: 1.6.0_32, vendor: Sun Microsystems Inc.
Java home: D:\Java\jdk1.6.0_32\jre
Default locale: zh_CN, platform encoding: GBK
OS name: "windows 7", version: "6.1", arch: "amd64", family: "windows"

2 MAVEN HELLO WORLD

新建目录及文件结构如下：

（先建Hello.java文件及其文件结构，HelloTest.java后面会用到。）

E:\work_test\mvnhello\hello01
|----pom.xml
|----src
|    |----main
|    |    |----java
|    |         |----com
|    |              |----hptest
|    |                   |----hp
|    |                        |----Hello.java
|    |----test
|         |----java
|              |----com
|                   |----hptest
|                        |----hp
|                             |----HelloTest.java

Hello.java代码如下：

package com.hptest.hp;
public class Hello{
    public String sayHello(String name){
        return "Hello:"+name;
    }
}

pom.xml文件如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>


    <groupId>com.hptest.hp</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-project-test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
</project>

groupId：用来表示项目的名称

artifactId：模块名称一般用“项目名-模块名”

version：版本信息

在hello01目录下运行maven编译命令

E:\work_test\mvnhello\hello01>mvn compile

E:\work_test\mvnhello\hello01>set MAVEN_OPTS=-XX:MaxPermSize=128m
[INFO] Scanning for projects...
[INFO]
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Building maven-project-test 1.0-SNAPSHOT
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.5:resources (default-resources) @ maven-proj
ect-test ---
[debug] execute contextualize
[WARNING] Using platform encoding (GBK actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e
. build is platform dependent!
[INFO] skip non existing resourceDirectory E:\work_test\mvnhello\hello01\src\mai
n\resources
[INFO]
[INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:2.3.2:compile (default-compile) @ maven-project
-test ---
[INFO] Nothing to compile - all classes are up to date
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 3.033s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Nov 24 14:13:42 CST 2014
[INFO] Final Memory: 4M/104M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

ps：第一次回下载许多jar包

新建HelloTest.java文件及目录结构，代码如下：

package com.hptest.hp;
import org.junit.Assert;
import org.junit.Test;
public class HelloTest
{
	@Test
	public void TestHello(){
		
		Hello hello=new Hello();

		String str=hello.sayHello("maven");
		Assert.assertEquals(str,"Hello:maven");

	}
}

修改pom.xml文件

因引用了junit的jar包所以需要在pom.xml中添加相关的依赖。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>


    <groupId>com.hptest.hp</groupId>
    <artifactId>maven-project-test</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>

 <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.10</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
       <!--
	   <dependency>
            <groupId>log4j</groupId>
            <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
            <version>1.2.17</version>
        </dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>3.8.1</version>
        </dependency>
        -->
    </dependencies>

</project>

maven运行命令：

maven test

-------------------------------------------------------
 T E S T S
-------------------------------------------------------
Running com.hptest.hp.HelloTest
Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 0.047 sec

Results :

Tests run: 1, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0

[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 3.395s
[INFO] Finished at: Mon Nov 24 14:24:32 CST 2014
[INFO] Final Memory: 4M/58M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

3 修改maven配置文件

因为maven会把jar包下载到系统用户目录下，为了方便管理需要将maven下载路径修改。

D:\maven-3.0.4\conf\settings.xml

  <localRepository>E:\.m2\repository</localRepository>

小结：

maven命令

编译

mvn clean 清理（默认会把target目录下的文件数据清理掉）

mvn clean package 清理并打包

mvn clean install 清理并安装

mvn clean test 清理并运行测试类

mvn clean deploy 清理并发布到私服上（私服：企业私有服务器）

mvn compile  编译

mvn test 测试

mvn install 安装到本地库

资源库位置：http://www.mvnrepository.com/

这里可以查找jar包，及pom如何引用。