#include <stdio.h> #include <signal.h> #include <arpa/inet.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <sys/socket.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <netinet/ in.h> #include <netinet/ip.h> #include <netinet/ip_icmp.h> #include <netdb.h> #include <setjmp.h> #include <errno.h> #define PACKET_SIZE 4096 #define MAX_WAIT_TIME 5 #define MAX_NO_PACKETS 3 char sendpacket[PACKET_SIZE]; char recvpacket[PACKET_SIZE]; int sockfd,datalen= 56; int nsend= 0,nreceived= 0; struct sockaddr_in dest_addr; pid_t pid; struct sockaddr_in from; struct timeval tvrecv; void statistics( int signo); unsigned short cal_chksum(unsigned short *addr, int len); int pack( int pack_no); void send_packet( void); void recv_packet( void); int unpack( char *buf, int len); void tv_sub( struct timeval * out, struct timeval * in); void statistics( int signo) { printf( " \n--------------------PING statistics-------------------\n "); printf( " %d packets transmitted, %d received , %%%d lost\n ",nsend,nreceived, (nsend-nreceived)/nsend* 100); close(sockfd); exit( 1); } /* 校验和算法 */ unsigned short cal_chksum(unsigned short *addr, int len) { int nleft=len; int sum= 0; unsigned short *w=addr; unsigned short answer= 0; /* 把ICMP报头二进制数据以2字节为单位累加起来 */ while(nleft> 1) { sum+=*w++; nleft-= 2; } /* 若ICMP报头为奇数个字节，会剩下最后一字节。把最后一个字节视为一个2字节数据的高字节，这个2字节数据的低字节为0，继续累加 */ if( nleft== 1) { *(unsigned char *)(&answer)=*(unsigned char *)w; sum+=answer; } sum=(sum>> 16)+(sum& 0xffff); sum+=(sum>> 16); answer=~sum; return answer; } /* 设置ICMP报头 */ int pack( int pack_no) { int i,packsize; struct icmp *icmp; struct timeval *tval; icmp=( struct icmp*)sendpacket; icmp->icmp_type=ICMP_ECHO; icmp->icmp_code= 0; icmp->icmp_cksum= 0; icmp->icmp_seq=pack_no; icmp->icmp_id=pid; packsize= 8+datalen; tval= ( struct timeval *)icmp->icmp_data; gettimeofday(tval,NULL); /* 记录发送时间 */ icmp->icmp_cksum=cal_chksum( (unsigned short *)icmp,packsize); /* 校验算法 */ return packsize; } /* 发送三个ICMP报文 */ void send_packet() { int packetsize; while( nsend<MAX_NO_PACKETS) { nsend++; packetsize=pack(nsend); /* 设置ICMP报头 */ if( sendto(sockfd,sendpacket,packetsize, 0, ( struct sockaddr *)&dest_addr, sizeof(dest_addr) )< 0 ) { perror( " sendto error "); continue; } sleep( 1); /* 每隔一秒发送一个ICMP报文 */ } } /* 接收所有ICMP报文 */ void recv_packet() { int n,fromlen; extern int errno; signal(SIGALRM,statistics); fromlen= sizeof(from); while( nreceived<nsend) { alarm(MAX_WAIT_TIME); if( (n=recvfrom(sockfd,recvpacket, sizeof(recvpacket), 0, ( struct sockaddr *)&from,&fromlen)) < 0) { if(errno==EINTR) continue; perror( " recvfrom error "); continue; } gettimeofday(&tvrecv,NULL); /* 记录接收时间 */ if(unpack(recvpacket,n)==- 1) continue; nreceived++; } } /* 剥去ICMP报头 */ int unpack( char *buf, int len) { int i,iphdrlen; struct ip *ip; struct icmp *icmp; struct timeval *tvsend; double rtt; ip=( struct ip *)buf; iphdrlen=ip->ip_hl<< 2; /* 求ip报头长度,即ip报头的长度标志乘4 */ icmp=( struct icmp *)(buf+iphdrlen); /* 越过ip报头,指向ICMP报头 */ len-=iphdrlen; /* ICMP报头及ICMP数据报的总长度 */ if( len< 8) /* 小于ICMP报头长度则不合理 */ { printf( " ICMP packets\'s length is less than 8\n "); return - 1; } /* 确保所接收的是我所发的的ICMP的回应 */ if( (icmp->icmp_type==ICMP_ECHOREPLY) && (icmp->icmp_id==pid) ) { tvsend=( struct timeval *)icmp->icmp_data; tv_sub(&tvrecv,tvsend); /* 接收和发送的时间差 */ rtt=tvrecv.tv_sec* 1000+tvrecv.tv_usec/ 1000; /* 以毫秒为单位计算rtt */ /* 显示相关信息 */ printf( " %d byte from %s: icmp_seq=%u ttl=%d rtt=%.3f ms\n ", len, inet_ntoa(from.sin_addr), icmp->icmp_seq, ip->ip_ttl, rtt); } else return - 1; } main( int argc, char *argv[]) { struct hostent *host; struct protoent *protocol; unsigned long inaddr= 0l; int waittime=MAX_WAIT_TIME; int size= 50* 1024; if(argc< 2) { printf( " usage:%s hostname/IP address\n ",argv[ 0]); exit( 1); } if( (protocol=getprotobyname( " icmp ") )==NULL) { perror( " getprotobyname "); exit( 1); } /* 生成使用ICMP的原始套接字,这种套接字只有root才能生成 */ if( (sockfd=socket(AF_INET,SOCK_RAW,protocol->p_proto) )< 0) { perror( " socket error "); exit( 1); } /* 回收root权限,设置当前用户权限 */ setuid(getuid()); /* 扩大套接字接收缓冲区到50K这样做主要为了减小接收缓冲区溢出的 的可能性,若无意中ping一个广播地址或多播地址,将会引来大量应答 */ setsockopt(sockfd,SOL_SOCKET,SO_RCVBUF,&size, sizeof(size) ); bzero(&dest_addr, sizeof(dest_addr)); dest_addr.sin_family=AF_INET; /* 判断是主机名还是ip地址 */ if( inaddr=inet_addr(argv[ 1])==INADDR_NONE) { if((host=gethostbyname(argv[ 1]) )==NULL) /* 是主机名 */ { perror( " gethostbyname error "); exit( 1); } memcpy( ( char *)&dest_addr.sin_addr,host->h_addr,host->h_length); } else /* 是ip地址 */ memcpy( ( char *)&dest_addr,( char *)&inaddr,host->h_length); /* 获取main的进程id,用于设置ICMP的标志符 */ pid=getpid(); printf( " PING %s(%s): %d bytes data in ICMP packets.\n ",argv[ 1], inet_ntoa(dest_addr.sin_addr),datalen); send_packet(); /* 发送所有ICMP报文 */ recv_packet(); /* 接收所有ICMP报文 */ statistics(SIGALRM); /* 进行统计 */ return 0; } /* 两个timeval结构相减 */ void tv_sub( struct timeval * out, struct timeval * in) { if( ( out->tv_usec-= in->tv_usec)< 0) { -- out->tv_sec; out->tv_usec+= 1000000; } out->tv_sec-= in->tv_sec; } /* ------------- The End ----------- */
仍然需要注意权限的问题，按照如下方式编译：
sudo gcc myping.c -o myping
sudo chmod u+s myping
./myping www.163.com
运行显示结果：
PING www.cn.ibm.com(121.195.178.238): 56 bytes data in ICMP packets.
64 byte from 121.195.178.238: icmp_seq=1 ttl=242 rtt=3029.000 ms
64 byte from 121.195.178.238: icmp_seq=2 ttl=242 rtt=2020.000 ms
64 byte from 121.195.178.238: icmp_seq=3 ttl=242 rtt=1010.000 ms
--------------------PING statistics-------------------
3 packets transmitted, 3 received , %0 lost
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