springboot项目配置多数据源

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已于 2023-06-14 19:53:59 修改

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文章标签： java spring boot mybatis

于 2022-08-09 21:58:40 首次发布

本文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/heyl163_/article/details/126256453

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第一步、准备数据库

新建数据库master，并新建user表

CREATE TABLE `user`  (
  `id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('master_1', '小明', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('master_2', '小红', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('master_3', '路人甲', '123456');

创建数据库slave，并新建user表

CREATE TABLE `user`  (
  `id` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `username` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  `password` varchar(255) CHARACTER SET utf8mb4 COLLATE utf8mb4_general_ci NOT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE = InnoDB CHARACTER SET = utf8mb4 COLLATE = utf8mb4_general_ci ROW_FORMAT = Dynamic;

INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('slave_1', '小明', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('slave_2', '小红', '123456');
INSERT INTO `user` VALUES ('slave_3', '路人甲', '123456');

两个数据库的user表的数据除了ID不一样，其他都相同

2、创建springboot项目

在idea里新建一个SpringBoot项目并取名为multi-datasource

3、pom.xml中添加相关依赖

完整的配置文件如下，直接复制即可

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>
        <version>2.5.9</version>
        <relativePath/>
    </parent>

    <groupId>com.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>muti-datasource</artifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>

    <properties>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
    </properties>

    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
        </dependency>

        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
            <version>2.5.9</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--lombok-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
            <artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
            <version>1.18.22</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mysql-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <scope>runtime</scope>
            <version>8.0.28</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--mybatis-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>2.2.2</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--druid-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>
            <version>1.1.21</version>
        </dependency>

        <!--dynamic-datasource-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId>
            <artifactId>dynamic-datasource-spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.1</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

4、修改配置文件

application.properties修为application.yml：master配置主库，slave配置从库

server:
  port: 8080

spring:
  datasource:
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
    dynamic:
      primary: master
      datasource:
        master:
          username: root
          password: root
          url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/master
        slave:
          username: root
          password: root
          url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/slave

mybatis:
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*Mapper.xml

5、创建mybatis的配置类

新建config包，在config包下新建MybatisConfig.java，并配置mapper包扫描路径

package com.example.multidatasource.config;

import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

/**
 * mybatis配置类
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
@Configuration
@MapperScan(basePackages = "com.example.multidatasource.mapper")
public class MybatisConfig {

}

6、创建实体类

新建entity包，在entity包下创建User.java

package com.example.multidatasource.entity;

import lombok.Data;

/**
 * 用户
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
@Data
public class User {
    private String id;

    /**
     * 用户名
     */
    private String username;

    /**
     * 密码
     */
    private String password;
}

7、创建mapper接口

新建mapper包，在mapper包下新建UserMapper.java，并在类中添加两个方法，分别查询master和slave数据库下的user表。

在数据访问层方法上添加@DS注解，指定要使用的数据库。

package com.example.multidatasource.mapper;

import com.baomidou.dynamic.datasource.annotation.DS;
import com.example.multidatasource.entity.User;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Select;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
@Repository
public interface UserMapper {
    /**
     * 查询全部用户
     * @return List<User>
     */
    @DS("master")
    @Select("selct id, username, password from user")
    List<User> selectAllFromMaster();

    /**
     * 查询全部用户
     * @return List<User>
     */
    @DS("slave")
    @Select("selct id, username, password from user")
    List<User> selectAllFromSlave();
}

8、通过springboot test测试

package com.example.multidatasource;

import com.example.multidatasource.entity.User;
import com.example.multidatasource.mapper.UserMapper;
import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;

import java.util.List;

/**
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
@SpringBootTest
class TestUserMapper {
    @Autowired
    private UserMapper userMapper;

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
        List<User> master = userMapper.selectAllFromMaster();
        List<User> slave = userMapper.selectAllFromSlave();

        System.out.println("master");
        master.forEach(System.out::println);

        System.out.println("slave");
        slave.forEach(System.out::println);
    }

}

整个项目的目录结构如下