关于在子线程中获取不到HttpServletRequest对象的问题

这篇文章主要分享一下项目里遇到的获取request对象为null的问题，具体是在登录的时候触发的邮箱提醒，获取客户端ip地址，然后通过ip地址定位获取定位信息，从而提示账号在哪里登录。

但是登录却发现获取request对象的时候报错了。

 具体的代码如下：这个异常是自己手动抛出的。

package cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.util;

import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.consts.MimeType;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.exception.GlobalException;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.restful.JsonResult;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.restful.ResponseCode;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestAttributes;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.RequestContextHolder;
import org.springframework.web.context.request.ServletRequestAttributes;

import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;

/**
 * http工具类
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
public class HttpUtils {

    /**
     * 获取HttpServletRequest对象
     * @return HttpServletRequest
     */
    public static HttpServletRequest getRequest() {
        RequestAttributes attributes = RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();

        if (attributes != null ) {
            return ((ServletRequestAttributes) attributes).getRequest();
        }

        throw new GlobalException(ResponseCode.ERROR, "获取request对象失败");
    }

}

在项目其他地方也有用这个工具了获取HttpServletRequest对象，都能获取到，觉得很是奇怪。点进去RequestContextHolder这个类的代码里看了一下，好像找到问题了~

这是基于ThreadLocal实现的，可能与子线程无法访问父线程中设置的数据的问题有关。

不会ThreadLocal的童鞋，通过下面文章简单了解一下ThreadLocal

子线程无法访问父线程中通过ThreadLocal设置的变量https://blog.csdn.net/heyl163_/article/details/139212930

为了验证自己的猜测，点开RequestContextHolder的源代码~

public abstract class RequestContextHolder  {    
    private static final ThreadLocal<RequestAttributes> requestAttributesHolder =
			new NamedThreadLocal<>("Request attributes");

	private static final ThreadLocal<RequestAttributes> inheritableRequestAttributesHolder =
			new NamedInheritableThreadLocal<>("Request context");

	/**
	 * 根据inheritable的值决定通过ThreadLocal或InhertitableThreadLocal保存RequestAttributes对象 
	 */
	public static void setRequestAttributes(@Nullable RequestAttributes attributes, boolean inheritable) {
		if (attributes == null) {
			resetRequestAttributes();
		} else {
			if (inheritable) {
				inheritableRequestAttributesHolder.set(attributes);

				requestAttributesHolder.remove();
			} else {
				requestAttributesHolder.set(attributes);

				inheritableRequestAttributesHolder.remove();
			}
		}
	}

    /**
	 * 通过Ctrl+鼠标点击，发现实际调用的是这个方法
     * 所以默认是通过ThreadLocal保存的变量
	 */
    public static void setRequestAttributes(@Nullable RequestAttributes attributes) {
		setRequestAttributes(attributes, false);
	}

    /**
	 * 获取ThreadLocal中设置的RequestAttributes对象 
	 */
	@Nullable
	public static RequestAttributes getRequestAttributes() {
        // 因为默认是通过ThreadLocal而不是InheritableThreadLocal保存，
        // 在子线程访问不到在父线程中通过set()方法设置的变量
		RequestAttributes attributes = requestAttributesHolder.get();

        // 所以在子线程中，会走这个分支
		if (attributes == null) {
            // 然后从InheritableThreadLocal中获取RequestAttributes对象
            // 因为调用上面第一个setRequestAttributes(RequestAttributes, boolean)方法时传的参数是false，所以InheritableThreadLocal中没有设置RequestAttributes对象，因此，这里get()还是null，最后attributes的值为null
			attributes = inheritableRequestAttributesHolder.get();
		}

		return attributes;
	}

}

于是，把涉及获取request对象ip地址获取的代码放在线程外面，这样就避免了空指针问题了~

package cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.chain.login.impl;

import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.chain.login.UserLoginHandler;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.config.property.EmailProperties;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.config.property.SystemSettingsProperties;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.entity.location.Location;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.util.EmailUtils;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.util.IpUtils;
import cn.edu.sgu.www.mhxysy.util.LocationUtils;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import java.time.LocalDateTime;
import java.time.ZoneId;
import java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter;

/**
 * @author heyunlin
 * @version 1.0
 */
@Component
public class EmailSendHandler implements UserLoginHandler {

    private Object params;
    private UserLoginHandler next;

    private final EmailUtils emailUtils;
    private final EmailProperties emailProperties;
    private final SystemSettingsProperties systemSettingsProperties;

    @Autowired
    public EmailSendHandler(
            EmailUtils emailUtils,
            EmailProperties emailProperties,
            SystemSettingsProperties systemSettingsProperties) {
        this.emailUtils = emailUtils;
        this.emailProperties = emailProperties;
        this.systemSettingsProperties = systemSettingsProperties;
    }

    @Override
    public void handle() {
        if (emailProperties.isEnable()) {
            String ip = IpUtils.getIp();
            String username = (String) params;
            String zoneId = systemSettingsProperties.getZoneId();
            // 定义日期格式
            DateTimeFormatter formatter = DateTimeFormatter.ofPattern("yyyy年MM月dd日 HH:mm:ss");

            new Thread(() -> {
                try {
                    String address = "广东广州";
                    Location location = LocationUtils.getLocation(ip);

                    if (systemSettingsProperties.isUseRealLocation()) {
                        String locationAddress = location.getAddress();

                        if (locationAddress != null) {
                            address = locationAddress;
                        }
                    }

                    String text = "您的账号" + username + "在" + address + "登录了。" +
                            "[" + LocalDateTime.now(ZoneId.of(zoneId)).format(formatter) + "]";

                    emailUtils.sendMessage(text);
                } catch (Exception e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }).start();
        }

        if (next != null) {
            next.handle();
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void setNext(UserLoginHandler next) {
        this.next = next;
    }

    @Override
    public void setParams(Object params) {
        this.params = params;
    }

}

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总结：遇到这类问题，就把获取request对象的代码放在主线程中，避免因为ThreadLocal的问题导致程序异常。

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好了，文章就分享到这里了，看完如果对你有所帮助，不要忘了点赞+收藏哦~