这个题需要用到IO文件函数,调用opendir函数打开所有文件,再调用readdir来一个一个地读取文件,再将文件名传递给stat函数,返回文件的详细信息的一个结构体,然后再讲结构体中的成员依次打印即可,也可以将结构体中的成员规范化成ls -l中的格式。
代码实现。
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <grp.h>
#define ERR_MSG(msg) {\
fprintf(stderr,"line: %d\n",__LINE__);\
perror(msg);\
}
void filePermission(mode_t mode){
for(int i = 0; i < 3; i ++){
int num = 0400;
num = num >> (i*3);
int type = 1;
int type2 = num >> 3;
while(num > type2){
if((mode & num) != 0){
if(type == 1)
printf("r");
else if(type == 2)
printf("w");
else
printf("x");
}
else{
printf("-");
}
type ++;
num = num >> 1;
}
}
}
void get_fileType(mode_t m){
if(S_ISREG(m)){
putchar('-');
}
else if(S_ISDIR(m)){
putchar('d');
}
else if(S_ISCHR(m)){
putchar('c');
}
else if(S_ISBLK(m)){
putchar('b');
}
else if(S_ISFIFO(m)){
putchar('p');
}
else if(S_ISLNK(m)){
putchar('l');
}
else if(S_ISSOCK(m)){
putchar('s');
}
}
void get_fileTypebydefine(mode_t mode){
switch(mode & S_IFMT){
case S_IFSOCK: printf("s"); break;
case S_IFLNK: printf("l"); break;
case S_IFREG: printf("-"); break;
case S_IFBLK: printf("b"); break;
case S_IFDIR: printf("d"); break;
case S_IFCHR: printf("c"); break;
case S_IFIFO: printf("p"); break;
default: printf("类型提取失败\n");
}
}
void get_fileuid(uid_t id){
struct passwd *uid = getpwuid(id);
if(NULL == uid){
ERR_MSG("getpwuid");
return;
}
printf(" %s",uid->pw_name);
}
void get_filegid(gid_t id){
struct group *gid = getgrgid(id);
if(NULL == gid){
ERR_MSG("getgrgid");
return;
}
printf(" %s",gid->gr_name);
}
void get_fileMsg(char *p){
struct stat buf;
if(stat(p,&buf) < 0){
ERR_MSG("stat");
return;
}
get_fileTypebydefine(buf.st_mode);
filePermission(buf.st_mode);
printf(" %ld",buf.st_nlink);
get_fileuid(buf.st_uid);
get_filegid(buf.st_gid);
printf(" %6ld",buf.st_size);
struct tm *time = localtime(&buf.st_ctime);
printf(" %02d-%02d %02d:%02d",\
time->tm_mon+1,time->tm_mday,time->tm_hour,time->tm_min);
}
int main(int argc, const char *argv[])
{
if(argc < 2){
printf("请输入文件名\n");
return -1;
}
DIR * dp = opendir(argv[1]);
if(NULL == dp){
ERR_MSG("opendir");
return -1;
}
struct dirent *rp = NULL;
while(1){
char mid[20]= "\0";
strcpy(mid,argv[1]);
rp = readdir(dp);
if(NULL == rp){
if(0 == errno){
printf("目录读取完毕\n");
break;
}
else{
ERR_MSG("readdir");
return -1;
}
}
if(rp->d_name[0] == '.'){
continue;
}
get_fileMsg(strcat(mid,rp->d_name));
printf(" %s\n",rp->d_name);
}
if(closedir(dp) < 0){
ERR_MSG("closedir");
return -1;
}
return 0;
}
运行结果: