c++ template 之函数模板、类模板之简化版array

总结之前学习的c++ template，直接看代码及注释即可

函数模板

#include <iostream>

template <typename T>
void mySwap(T& a, T& b)//函数模板
{
	T c = a;
	a = b;
	b = c;
}

void mySwap(int& a, int& b)
{
	std::cout << "int" << std::endl;
	int c = a;
	a = b;
	b = c;
}
//函数模板和普通函数都符合调用规则时，优先调用普通函数
//普通函数在编译阶段生成，函数模板在调用阶段生成不同的函数
int main()
{
	int a = 3, b = 2;
	mySwap<>(a, b);//mySwap<int>  模板函数   <>显示的调用了模板函数
	std::cout << "a:" << a << " b:" << b << std::endl;

	double c = 3.01, d = 2.01;
	mySwap(c, d);//mySwap<double>  模板函数
	std::cout << "c:" << c << " d:" << d << std::endl;

	return 0;
}

类模板

#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <stdlib.h>
template <typename T1,typename T2>
class Myclass
{
public:
	Myclass(T1 t1,T2 t2):m_t1(t1),m_t2(t2) {}
	void print()
	{
		std::cout << m_t1 << " " << m_t2 << std::endl;
	}
private:
	T1 m_t1;
	T2 m_t2;
};
void test1()
{
	Myclass<int, double>c1(1, 2.99);
	c1.print();
	Myclass<std::string, double>c2("test", 3.14);
	c2.print();

}
template <typename T,int n>
class Array
{
public:
	Array() = delete; 
	Array(int length);
	~Array();
	int size();
	void set(int num, T data);
	T get(int num);
	T& operator[] (int num);
private:
	T* m_data;
};

template<typename T,int n>
Array<T, n>::Array(int length)
{
	this->m_data = new T[length];
}
template <typename T,int n>
Array<T, n>::~Array()
{
	if (m_data) {
		delete[] m_data;
		m_data = nullptr;
	}
}

template <typename T, int n>
int Array<T, n>::size()
{
	return n;
}
template <typename T, int n>
void Array<T, n>::set(int num, T data)
{
	if (num >= n || num < 0) {
		throw ("error");
		return;
	}
	//this->m_data[num] = data;
	*(this->m_data + num) = data;
}
template <typename T, int n>
T Array<T, n>::get(int num)
{	
	if (num >= n || num < 0) {
		throw ("error");
	}
	return *(this->m_data + num);
}
template <typename T, int n>
T& Array<T, n>::operator[](int num)
{
	if (num >= n || num < 0) {
		throw ("error");
	}
	return *(this->m_data + num);
}
void test2()
{
	Array<std::string, 5> t1(5);
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
		t1.set(i, std::string("hello"));
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
		std::cout << t1.get(i) << std::endl;
	}
	Array<int, 5> t2(5);
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
		t2.set(i, i*10);
	}
	for (int i = 0; i < 5; ++i) {
		std::cout << t2[i] << std::endl;
	}

	
}

int main()
{
	//test1();
	test2();
	return 0;
}